Pharmacology - Cardiac Function

17 Questions | By Lvdb | Last updated: Jul 30, 2011 | Total Attempts: 58

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Questions and Answers

1.

Clonidine
- A.
  
  Antihypertensive
- B.
  
  Alpha 2 agonist
- C.
  
  Causes increased NE and therefore decreased HR and decreased BP
2.

Metroprolol
- A.
  
  Non-selective beta blocker
- B.
  
  Decreases HR which lowers BP
- C.
  
  Decreases renin release from kidney (helps to decrease blood volume and lower BP)
- D.
  
  Decreased HR means decreased myocardial O2 requirement = reason it's useful in angina pectoris
- E.
  
  Antiarrhythmic
- F.
  
  Antihypertensive
3.

Prazosin
- A.
  
  Alpha 1 blocker
- B.
  
  Causes vasoconstriction and the barroreceptors then decrease HR
- C.
  
  Increases renin release to increase blood volume
- D.
  
  Administer in combination with a beta-blocker or a diuretic
4.

Minoxidil
- A.
  
  Opens K+ channels to cause hyperpolarization which results in vasodilation
- B.
  
  Barroreceptor tries to increase HR
- C.
  
  Is an antihypertensive
5.

Sodium Nitroprusside
- A.
  
  Decreases cGMP in smooth muscle which causes relaxation
- B.
  
  Used in patients with edema
- C.
  
  Is an antihypertensive
6.

Verapamil
- A.
  
  Calcium channel blocker
- B.
  
  Causes vasodilation
- C.
  
  Increased HR
- D.
  
  Used to treat angina pectoris
- E.
  
  Antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic
7.

Enalapril
- A.
  
  ACE inhibitor
- B.
  
  Vasodilation
- C.
  
  Bradykinin is the cause of vasodilation
- D.
  
  Used in patients with L.ventricular failure and edema
- E.
  
  Antihypertensive
8.

Losartan
- A.
  
  ACE inhibitor
- B.
  
  Decreases contraction of smooth muscle
- C.
  
  Used in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and no edema
9.

Loop Diuretics
- A.
  
  Cause decreased water absorption by inhibiting an ion cotransporter in the loop of Henle
- B.
  
  Used for pulmonary edema and severe hypertension
- C.
  
  Can be taken in combination with a sympatholitic and a vasodilator
10.

Thiazides
- A.
  
  Increase NaCl transport in the distal convoluted tubule
- B.
  
  Used in patients with mild heart failure and edema
- C.
  
  Useful in angina pectoris
11.

Digoxin
- A.
  
  Inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase which increases Na+in the cell
- B.
  
  Decreases intracellular Ca2+
- C.
  
  Causes decreased SNS activity - decreases SNS barroreceptor response (won't get the vasodilation of blood vessels to compensate for increases HR)
- D.
  
  Quinidine helps clear digoxin faster to avoid toxicity
12.

Nitroglycerin
- A.
  
  Causes increased cGMP
- B.
  
  Causes vasodilation
- C.
  
  Used as an antiarrhythmic
- D.
  
  Should be administered with sildenafil
13.

Furosemide is a more potent diuretic then thiazides
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
14.

Sildenafil
- A.
  
  Common name is Viagra
- B.
  
  Inhibits phosphodiesterase
- C.
  
  Causes increased cGMP
- D.
  
  Contraction of smooth muscle
- E.
  
  Causes tacchycardia when mixed with nitrites
15.

Lidocaine
- A.
  
  Na+ channel blocker
- B.
  
  Causes increased excitation
- C.
  
  Good antiarrhythmic
16.

Amiodarone
- A.
  
  K+ channel blocker
- B.
  
  Decreases AP duration
- C.
  
  Antihypertensive
17.

Angiotensin II
- A.
  
  Binds AT1 and AT2
- B.
  
  Vasodilator
- C.
  
  Binding AT1 presynaptically causes increased NE release
- D.
  
  AT1 receptors on smooth muscle cause decreased Ca2+
- E.
  
  Causes increased aldosterone and ADH which increased blood volume