This Is A Pharmaceutical Tests About Anticoagulants
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Anticoagulants are medicines that help prevent blood clots. They're given to people at a high risk of getting clots, to reduce their chances of developing serious conditions such as strokes and heart attacks. A blood clot is a seal created by the blood to stop bleeding from wounds. This is a pharmaceutical tests about Anticoagulants
- 1.What causes clot formation?
- A.
Slowing of blood (atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, heart attack, bed rest, paralysis).
- B.
Abnormal surfaces in contact with blood (vascular injury, heart valve replacement or disease, atherosclerosis).
- C.
Abnormalities in endogenous anti-clotting factors (protein C and S deficiency, antithrombin).
- D.
Estrogen therapy.
- E.
All of the above.
- 2.After tissue injury, place the following events in the correct order. A. von Willebrand factors attracts plateletsB. Platelets secrete ADP - attracts more plateletsC. Collage is exposed, activating plateletsD. Platelets secrete serotonin and thromboxane A2 - vasoconstriction
- A.
A, B, C, D
- B.
C, A, D, B
- C.
C, B, D, A
- D.
D, C, A, B
- E.
B, D, A, B
- 3.What are the steps in fibrin formation?
- A.
"Tissue factor" or thromboplastin is released from endothelial wall.
- B.
Contact of blood with collagen.
- C.
Clots bind thromboxane A2.
- D.
A and B
- E.
A, B, and C
- 4.Proteins C and S are dependent on which vitamin for synthesis?
- A.
Vitamin C
- B.
Vitamin B
- C.
Vitamin E
- D.
Vitamin K
- E.
Vitamin A
- 5.What might cause a deficiency in Prothrombin (factor II) or in Stuart-Prower factor (factor X)?
- A.
Liver disease
- B.
Renal disease
- C.
Vitamin K deficiency
- D.
A and B
- E.
A and C
- F.
A, B, and C
- 6.Why can't Heparin be administered orally?
- A.
It is large.
- B.
It is negatively charged.
- C.
It contains too much magnesium.
- D.
A and B
- E.
All of the above.
- 7.What does heparin inhibit?
- A.
The coversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
- B.
The conversion of thrombin to prothrombin.
- C.
The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
- D.
The conversion of fibrin to fibrinogen.
- E.
A and C
- F.
C and A
- 8.Heparin also has a:
- A.
Carbohydrate binding activity.
- B.
Vitamin clearing activity.
- C.
Lipid clearing activity.
- D.
Hepatotoxic effect.
- E.
Renal toxic effect.
- 9.How can heparin be administered?
- A.
IV
- B.
SQ
- C.
Orally
- D.
IM
- E.
A and C
- F.
A and B
- 10.Heparin is metabolized in the:
- A.
Liver
- B.
Kindeys
- C.
Lungs
- D.
GI tract
- 11.Heparin metabolites are excreted in the:
- A.
Liver
- B.
Kidneys
- C.
Lungs
- D.
GI tract
- 12.Is heparin ok in pregnancy?
- A.
Yes.
- B.
No.
- 13.Heparin's adverse effects include:
- A.
Hypersensitivity
- B.
Osteoporosis
- C.
Alopecia
- D.
Hemorrhage
- E.
Thrombocytopenia
- F.
Thromboembolism
- G.
All of the above.
- 14.Which drugs is used in the treatment of heparin toxicity?
- A.
Warfarin
- B.
Niacin
- C.
Ezetimbie
- D.
Protamine
- E.
Tetracycline
- 15.Low molecular weight heparins include which of the following:
- A.
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
- B.
Warfarin
- C.
Coumadin
- D.
Dalteparin (Fragmin)
- E.
Tinzaparin (Innohep)
- F.
A, D, and E.
- G.
A, C, and B.
- 16.What is the mechanism of action of LMWH and why is it different than heparin?
- A.
It inactivates IIa via antithrombin but has little effect at Xa because it is too short for thrombin binding.
- B.
It inactivates Xa but has little inactivation at IIa (thrombin) via antithrombin because chains are too short for thrombin binding.
- C.
It has the same mechanism of action of heparin.
- 17.What are the benefits of LMWHs?
- A.
Longer half-lives.
- B.
High bioavailability.
- C.
Less liver clearance and binding to macrophages.
- D.
Less non-specific binding with tissues.
- E.
All of the above.
- 18.Which of the following is a synthetic pentasaccharide identical to the antithrombin binding region of heparin?
- A.
Enoxaparin
- B.
Dalteparin
- C.
Tinzaparin
- D.
Fondaparinux
- 19.What factor is inhibited by Fondaparinux (Arixtra) in conjunction with antithrombin?
- A.
IIa
- B.
VI
- C.
III
- D.
Xa
- E.
Xb
- 20.Which drug is an irreversible direct thrombin inhibitor that is used in place of heparin when HIT is an issue?
- A.
Argatroban (Acova)
- B.
Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- C.
Lepirudin (Refludan)
- D.
Desirudin (Iparavask)
- 21.Which drug is a direct reversible thrombin inhibitor used to treat thrombosis in HIT?
- A.
Argatroban (Acova)
- B.
Lepirudin (Refludan)
- C.
Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- D.
Desirudin (Iparavask)
- 22.Which drug is a direct thrombin reversible inhibitor given in combination with aspirin to prevent clot formation with unstable angina undergoing coronary angioplasty?
- A.
Argatroban (Acova)
- B.
Lepirudin (Refludan)
- C.
Desirudin (Iparavask)
- D.
Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- 23.Which drug is a direct thrombin almost irreversible inhibitor used for DVT prevention in hip replacements?
- A.
Desirudin (Iparavask)
- B.
Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- C.
Argatroban (Acova)
- D.
Lepirudin (Refludan)
- 24.Which drug acts by competitive inhibition of vitamin K reductase?
- A.
Desirudin (Iparavask)
- B.
Warfarin
- C.
Heparin
- D.
Ezetimibe
- E.
Niacin
- 25.How much time is required for peak anticoagulant effect of Warfarin?
- A.
3 hours
- B.
1 day
- C.
1 week
- D.
3 days
Questions: 10 | Attempts: 17017 | Last updated: May 24, 2021
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