This Is A Pharmaceutical Tests About Anticoagulants

50 Questions | By Krys2001 | Last updated: Mar 22, 2022 | Total Attempts: 4683

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This Is A Pharmaceutical Tests About Anticoagulants - Quiz

Anticoagulants are medicines that help prevent blood clots. They're given to people at a high risk of getting clots, to reduce their chances of developing serious conditions such as strokes and heart attacks. A blood clot is a seal created by the blood to stop bleeding from wounds. This is a pharmaceutical tests about Anticoagulants

Questions and Answers

1.

What causes clot formation?
- A.
  
  Slowing of blood (atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, heart attack, bed rest, paralysis).
- B.
  
  Abnormal surfaces in contact with blood (vascular injury, heart valve replacement or disease, atherosclerosis).
- C.
  
  Abnormalities in endogenous anti-clotting factors (protein C and S deficiency, antithrombin).
- D.
  
  Estrogen therapy.
- E.
  
  All of the above.
2.

After tissue injury, place the following events in the correct order. A. von Willebrand factors attracts plateletsB. Platelets secrete ADP - attracts more plateletsC. Collage is exposed, activating plateletsD. Platelets secrete serotonin and thromboxane A2 - vasoconstriction
- A.
  
  A, B, C, D
- B.
  
  C, A, D, B
- C.
  
  C, B, D, A
- D.
  
  D, C, A, B
- E.
  
  B, D, A, B
3.

What are the steps in fibrin formation?
- A.
  
  "Tissue factor" or thromboplastin is released from endothelial wall.
- B.
  
  Contact of blood with collagen.
- C.
  
  Clots bind thromboxane A2.
- D.
  
  A and B
- E.
  
  A, B, and C
4.

Proteins C and S are dependent on which vitamin for synthesis?
- A.
  
  Vitamin C
- B.
  
  Vitamin B
- C.
  
  Vitamin E
- D.
  
  Vitamin K
- E.
  
  Vitamin A
5.

What might cause a deficiency in Prothrombin (factor II) or in Stuart-Prower factor (factor X)?
- A.
  
  Liver disease
- B.
  
  Renal disease
- C.
  
  Vitamin K deficiency
- D.
  
  A and B
- E.
  
  A and C
- F.
  
  A, B, and C
6.

Why can't Heparin be administered orally?
- A.
  
  It is large.
- B.
  
  It is negatively charged.
- C.
  
  It contains too much magnesium.
- D.
  
  A and B
- E.
  
  All of the above.
7.

What does heparin inhibit?
- A.
  
  The coversion of prothrombin to thrombin.
- B.
  
  The conversion of thrombin to prothrombin.
- C.
  
  The conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin.
- D.
  
  The conversion of fibrin to fibrinogen.
- E.
  
  A and C
- F.
  
  C and A
8.

Heparin also has a:
- A.
  
  Carbohydrate binding activity.
- B.
  
  Vitamin clearing activity.
- C.
  
  Lipid clearing activity.
- D.
  
  Hepatotoxic effect.
- E.
  
  Renal toxic effect.
9.

How can heparin be administered?
- A.
  
  IV
- B.
  
  SQ
- C.
  
  Orally
- D.
  
  IM
- E.
  
  A and C
- F.
  
  A and B
10.

Heparin is metabolized in the:
- A.
  
  Liver
- B.
  
  Kindeys
- C.
  
  Lungs
- D.
  
  GI tract
11.

Heparin metabolites are excreted in the:
- A.
  
  Liver
- B.
  
  Kidneys
- C.
  
  Lungs
- D.
  
  GI tract
12.

Is heparin ok in pregnancy?
- A.
  
  Yes.
- B.
  
  No.
13.

Heparin's adverse effects include:
- A.
  
  Hypersensitivity
- B.
  
  Osteoporosis
- C.
  
  Alopecia
- D.
  
  Hemorrhage
- E.
  
  Thrombocytopenia
- F.
  
  Thromboembolism
- G.
  
  All of the above.
14.

Which drugs is used in the treatment of heparin toxicity?
- A.
  
  Warfarin
- B.
  
  Niacin
- C.
  
  Ezetimbie
- D.
  
  Protamine
- E.
  
  Tetracycline
15.

Low molecular weight heparins include which of the following:
- A.
  
  Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
- B.
  
  Warfarin
- C.
  
  Coumadin
- D.
  
  Dalteparin (Fragmin)
- E.
  
  Tinzaparin (Innohep)
- F.
  
  A, D, and E.
- G.
  
  A, C, and B.
16.

What is the mechanism of action of LMWH and why is it different than heparin?
- A.
  
  It inactivates IIa via antithrombin but has little effect at Xa because it is too short for thrombin binding.
- B.
  
  It inactivates Xa but has little inactivation at IIa (thrombin) via antithrombin because chains are too short for thrombin binding.
- C.
  
  It has the same mechanism of action of heparin.
17.

What are the benefits of LMWHs?
- A.
  
  Longer half-lives.
- B.
  
  High bioavailability.
- C.
  
  Less liver clearance and binding to macrophages.
- D.
  
  Less non-specific binding with tissues.
- E.
  
  All of the above.
18.

Which of the following is a synthetic pentasaccharide identical to the antithrombin binding region of heparin?
- A.
  
  Enoxaparin
- B.
  
  Dalteparin
- C.
  
  Tinzaparin
- D.
  
  Fondaparinux
19.

What factor is inhibited by Fondaparinux (Arixtra) in conjunction with antithrombin?
- A.
  
  IIa
- B.
  
  VI
- C.
  
  III
- D.
  
  Xa
- E.
  
  Xb
20.

Which drug is an irreversible direct thrombin inhibitor that is used in place of heparin when HIT is an issue?
- A.
  
  Argatroban (Acova)
- B.
  
  Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- C.
  
  Lepirudin (Refludan)
- D.
  
  Desirudin (Iparavask)
21.

Which drug is a direct reversible thrombin inhibitor used to treat thrombosis in HIT?
- A.
  
  Argatroban (Acova)
- B.
  
  Lepirudin (Refludan)
- C.
  
  Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- D.
  
  Desirudin (Iparavask)
22.

Which drug is a direct thrombin reversible inhibitor given in combination with aspirin to prevent clot formation with unstable angina undergoing coronary angioplasty?
- A.
  
  Argatroban (Acova)
- B.
  
  Lepirudin (Refludan)
- C.
  
  Desirudin (Iparavask)
- D.
  
  Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
23.

Which drug is a direct thrombin almost irreversible inhibitor used for DVT prevention in hip replacements?
- A.
  
  Desirudin (Iparavask)
- B.
  
  Bivalirudin (Angiomax)
- C.
  
  Argatroban (Acova)
- D.
  
  Lepirudin (Refludan)
24.

Which drug acts by competitive inhibition of vitamin K reductase?
- A.
  
  Desirudin (Iparavask)
- B.
  
  Warfarin
- C.
  
  Heparin
- D.
  
  Ezetimibe
- E.
  
  Niacin
25.

How much time is required for peak anticoagulant effect of Warfarin?
- A.
  
  3 hours
- B.
  
  1 day
- C.
  
  1 week
- D.
  
  3 days