Particular Theory Of Matter

A vapor is a state of matter that refers to the gaseous form of a substance that is normally a solid or liquid at room temperature and pressure. It occurs when the substance is heated or exposed to higher temperatures, causing it to evaporate and become a gas. Therefore, the correct answer is "gas."

Gas is the correct answer because when heated, the particles in a gas gain energy and move faster, causing the gas to expand. Additionally, gases have a lot of empty space between particles, which makes them easy to compress. Liquids and solids, on the other hand, have particles that are packed closely together and do not easily change volume when heated or compressed.

A state of matter that is characterized by having a definite shape and a definite volume is a solid. In a solid, the particles are closely packed together and have strong intermolecular forces, which prevent them from moving freely. This results in a fixed shape and volume for solids.

Heat is not an example of matter because it is a form of energy. Matter refers to anything that has mass and occupies space, while heat is the transfer of energy from a hotter object to a colder object. Therefore, heat does not fit the definition of matter as it does not have mass or occupy space.

Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen, so this statement is incorrect. The other options are all physical properties of water. It has a boiling point of 100C, it is a colorless liquid, and sugar dissolves in it.

A state of matter that has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container is a liquid. Liquids are able to flow and fill the shape of the container they are in, but they do not have a fixed shape like solids do. Gases, on the other hand, do not have a definite volume and can expand to fill the entire space available to them.

Salt water is a homogeneous mixture because it is a solution in which the salt particles are evenly distributed throughout the water. This means that no matter where you sample the mixture, it will always have the same composition and properties. In contrast, beef stew is a heterogeneous mixture because it contains visible chunks of different ingredients, such as meat, vegetables, and broth. Sand and water is also a heterogeneous mixture because the sand particles are not dissolved in the water and can be easily separated. Soil is a mixture of different components, including minerals, organic matter, and water, making it a heterogeneous mixture as well.

Air cannot be classified as a substance because it is a mixture of different gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and others. A substance is a pure form of matter that has a specific composition and properties. Since air is composed of multiple gases, it does not meet the criteria of being a substance.

Liquid is the state of matter that is characterized by having an indefinite shape, meaning it takes the shape of its container, but a definite volume, meaning it maintains a specific amount of space. Unlike gases, liquids have stronger intermolecular forces that allow them to maintain their volume. Unlike solids, liquids do not have a fixed shape and can flow and change shape easily. Therefore, the correct answer is liquid.

Evaporation is a physical change because it involves the change of state from a liquid to a gas. During evaporation, the molecules of a liquid gain enough energy to overcome the forces of attraction between them and escape into the surrounding environment as a gas. The chemical composition of the substance remains the same during evaporation, only the physical state changes.

A heterogeneous mixture cannot be considered a single phase because it consists of multiple different substances that are not uniformly distributed. In a single phase, all components are evenly mixed and cannot be distinguished from one another. However, in a heterogeneous mixture, the different components can be easily identified and may separate out over time. Therefore, a heterogeneous mixture does not meet the criteria of a single phase.

Mass is an example of an extensive property of matter because it depends on the amount of substance present. It is a measure of the total amount of matter in an object and is additive, meaning that the mass of a system is equal to the sum of the masses of its individual components. This property is not dependent on the size or shape of the object, but rather on the total quantity of matter it contains.

Salad dressing is not a compound because it is a mixture of different compounds, such as oil, vinegar, and various spices. Compounds are substances that are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together. Baking soda, sucrose, and table salt, on the other hand, are all compounds because they are composed of specific elements in fixed ratios. Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sucrose is a sugar molecule (C12H22O11), and table salt is sodium chloride (NaCl).

Ability to rust is not a physical property of matter because rusting is a chemical reaction that occurs between iron and oxygen in the presence of water. Physical properties of matter include mass, color, and melting point, which can be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of the substance.

In the liquid state, a substance has a definite mass, is not easily compressed, and has an indefinite shape. However, the one property that does not apply to a substance in the liquid state is an indefinite volume. Liquids have a definite volume, meaning they have a specific amount of space that they occupy.

The physical properties of a substance refer to characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's chemical composition. Color and odor are physical properties as they can be observed without altering the substance. Melting and boiling points are also physical properties as they represent the temperatures at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid and from a liquid to a gas, respectively. Malleability and hardness are physical properties as they describe how a substance can be shaped or how resistant it is to deformation. Therefore, all of the options listed are considered physical properties of a substance.

A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it contains more matter. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, and since the golf ball contains more matter, it has a greater mass. The other options are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the concept of mass.

At room temperature, a substance that forms a vapor is generally in the physical state of either a liquid or a solid. This is because substances in these states have enough energy to overcome the forces holding their particles together, allowing them to escape into the air as vapor. In contrast, gases are already in a vapor state at room temperature, so they do not need to undergo a phase change to form vapor.

The given options describe various physical properties of water. The boiling point of water is a physical property, as it is the temperature at which water changes from a liquid to a gas. Water being a colorless liquid is also a physical property, as it describes its appearance. Sugar dissolving in water is a physical property, as it describes the ability of water to dissolve a solute. However, the statement "It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen" describes the chemical composition of water, which is a chemical property, not a physical property.

Homogeneous mixtures are known as solutions because they have a uniform composition throughout. This means that the different substances in the mixture are evenly distributed and cannot be easily distinguished. Solutions can be made up of two or more substances, such as a solid dissolved in a liquid or a gas dissolved in a liquid. The term "homogeneous" refers to the fact that the mixture appears the same throughout, regardless of the amount or concentration of the substances involved.

Soil is a heterogeneous mixture because it is composed of different substances such as minerals, organic matter, water, and air. These components are not evenly distributed throughout the soil, resulting in a non-uniform composition. In contrast, air is a homogeneous mixture because its components (such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide) are uniformly distributed. Salt water is also a homogeneous mixture because the salt particles are evenly dissolved in the water. Steel, on the other hand, is a homogeneous mixture of iron and carbon atoms.

Stainless steel is an example of a homogeneous mixture because it is composed of a combination of metals, such as iron, chromium, and nickel, that are uniformly distributed throughout the material. This means that the composition of stainless steel is the same throughout, resulting in a consistent and uniform appearance and properties.

Silver is a substance because it is a pure element. It is made up of only one type of atom, which makes it a substance. Air and gasoline are mixtures of different gases and therefore not considered substances. Stainless steel is an alloy made up of multiple elements, so it is also not a substance.

Compounds are substances because they are made up of two or more elements that are chemically bonded together. This chemical bonding creates a new substance with unique properties that are different from the properties of the individual elements.

A gas is a state of matter that takes both the shape and volume of its container. Unlike solids and liquids, which have a fixed shape and volume, gases are able to expand and contract to fill the space available to them. This is because the particles in a gas are not tightly packed together, allowing them to move freely and occupy the entire container.