A&P Exam 4

1. Which lobes of the brain are responsible for vision and hearing, respectively

Occipital and frontal

Occipital and temporal

Parietal and occipital

Insula and temporal

Temporal and occipital

2. myelinate neurons in the CNS while myelinate neurons in the PNS

Astrocytes, microglia

Oligodendrocytes, schwann cells

Microglia, ependymal cells

Oligodendrocytes, astrocytes

Schwann cells, oligodendroctes

3. This type of cell is responsible for secreting and circulating cerebrospinal fluid

Ependymal cells

Oligodendrocytes

Astrocytes

Microglia

Neurons

4. The spinal cord gives rise to pairs of spinal nerves which pass through holes referred to as except for the first pair which passes between __ and the skull

41, foramen magnum, C1

26, intervertabral foramina, L1

31, intervertebral foramina, C1

41, mental foramina, L1

31, foramen magnum, T2

5. The system utilizes electrical and chemical signals to send messages that are usually than the messages from the __ system that uses chemical signals for communication

Endocrine, faster, nervous

Nervous, faster, cardiovascular

Nervous, faster, endocrine

Endocrine, slower, nervous

Nervous, slower, endocrine

6. A multipolar neuron has

One axon and one dendrite

One dendrite and multiple axons

Many axons but no dendrites

One axon and multiple dendrites

Many dendrites but no axons

7. Which type of neuron is responsible for carrying out integrative functions

Somatic motor neurons

Interneurons

Oligodendrocytes

Afferent neurons

Visceral motor neurons

8. The pons lies between which two brain regions

Midbrain and medulla oblongata

Frontal and occipital lobes

Midbrain and thalamus

Medulla oblongata and spinal cord

Cerebral cortex and thalamus

9. The thick folds of the brain are referred to as while the shallow grooves are referred to as

Sulci, gyri

Commisures, sulci

Gyri, callosa

Gyri, sulci

Sulci, fissures

10. The part of the action potential where a neuron is resistant to further stimulation is referred to as the

Local potential

Resting membrane potential

Refractory period

Synaptic potential

Threshold

11. Nuclei are found in the while ganglia are found in the

PNS, enteric nervous system

PNS, autonomic nervous system

PNS, CNS

CNS, heart

CNS, PNS

12. Sensory information carried by neurons enters the spinal cord through the while motor information carried by neurons leaves through the

Efferent, dorsal root, afferent, ventral root

Inter, ventral root, efferent, dorsal root

Afferent, dorsal root, efferent, ventral root

Efferent, ventral root, afferent, dorsal root

Afferent, ventral root, efferent, dorsal root

13. This part of the brain is what remains if the cerebrum and cerebellum are removed

Cerebral cortex

Cerebrum

Spinal cord

Brainstem

None of the above

14. This brain region is the major control center for both the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems

Hippocampus

Hypothalamus

Amygdala

Basal nuclei

Cerebellum

15. Cranial nerve III is referred to as the nerve and functions as a nerve

Olfactory, sensory

Glossopharyngeal, mixed

Oculomotor, motor

Optic, sensory

Accessory, motor

16. The ______ is the structure where an axon originates from the soma and where action potentials are triggered

Dendrites

Myelin sheath

Synaptic knob

Neurosoma

Axon hillock

17. The is a thick matter tract that connects the two hemispheres of the brain

Corpus callosum, white

Corpus callosum, gray

Gray commisure, white

Anterior commisure, white

Gray commisure, gray

18. The is the "relay station" of the brain and is part of the

Thalamus, telencephalon

Amygdala, midbrain

Thalamus, diencephalon

Hypothalamus, diencephalon

Epithalamus, telencephalon

19. A visceral sensory neuron would be referred to as a/an neuron that carries info from the and __ cavities to the CNS

Afferent, thoracic, abdominal

Efferent, cranial, thoracic

Efferent, thoracic, abdominal

Inter, pelvic, thoracic

Afferent, cranial, abdominal

20. Which of the cranial nerves plays a major role in the control of cardiac, pulmonary, digestive, and urinary functions

Trochlear

Abducens

Hypoglossal

Vagus

Trigeminal

21. The resting membrane potential

Is a charge difference across the plasma membrane

Exists because the neuron is more highly permeable to chloride than potassium at rest

Equals -70 mV in a resting neuron

Exists because of equal concentrations of ions in the ECF and ICF

Both A and C

22. The nervous system's actions are and are responsible for maintaining __

Autonomic, voluntary, homeostasis

Central, voluntary, positive feedback

Autonomic, involuntary, homeostasis

Peripheral, involuntary, homeostasis

Enteric, involuntary, feedback inhibition

23. Which plexus supplies the phrenic nerve to the diaphragm

Brachial

Cervical

Coccygeal

Sacral

Lumbar

24. Cranial nerve V is referred to as the nerve and functions as a nerve

Trigeminal, mixed

Trochlear, mixed

Facial, sensory

Vagus, motor

Accessory, mixed

25. Which of the following neurotransmitters is secreted by all preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system

Acetylcholine

GABA

Norepinephrine

Epinephrine

Glutamate

26. A patient who is having trouble with their rate and depth of breathing as well as their rate and force of heart contractions might have a lesion in which brain region

Pons

Medulla oblongata

Cerebral cortex

Cerebellum

Thalamus

27. All of the following are considered higher brain functions EXCEPT

Sleep

Cognition

Sensation

Memory

Appetite

28. The mater is pressed closest to the cranial bones in the skull is composed of two layers referred to as the and __

Pia, deep, superficial

Dura, periosteal, meningeal

Arachnoid, spinal, cranial

Pia, periosteal, meningeal

Dura, spinal, cranial

29. A/an ______, meaning "little human" in latin, is a type of topographical map used to map both sensory and motor functions to the surface of the brain

Association area

Functional region

Primary cortex

Homunculus

Hippocampus

30. In a somatic motor pathway, nerve reaches all the way to the effector while in an autonomic pathway, the signal must travel across neurons to reach the effector

One, two

Three, two

One, three

Two, three

Two, one

31. The cerebellum is to the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex, and the cerebrum is to the medulla oblongata

Rostral, superior

Caudal, inferior

Anterior, proximal

Rostral, inferior

Caudal, superior

32. All of the following are mechanisms of signal cessation in neurons EXCEPT

Diffusion of neurotransmitter

Reuptake of neurotransmitter

Neurotransmitter remains in cleft forever

Degradation of neurotransmitter in the cleft

Both A and C

33. In general, a Descending tract would begin in the and contain an upper motor neuron in the and a lower motor neuron in the __

Motor cortex, spinal cord, cerebral cortex

Somatosensory cortex, spinal cord, cerebral cortex

Somatosensory cortex, cerebral cortex, spinal cord

Motor cortex, cerebral cortex, spinal cord

Motor cortex, dendrites, axons

34. The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic nerve fibers and is responsible for while the parasympathetic division has preganglionic fibers and is responsible for

Short, rest and digest, long, fight or flight

Long, rest and digest, short, fight or flight

Short, eating, long, running

Long, fight or flight, short, rest and digest

Short, fight or flight, long, rest and digest

35. All of the following are functions of the spinal cord EXCEPT

Locomotion

Conduction

Reflexes

CNS protection

Both A and B

36. White matter contains while gray matter contains

Myelinated axons, neuronal cell bodies

Myelinated axons, unmyelinated axons

Myelinated axons, bone cell bodies

Neuronal cell bodies, myelinated axons

Neuronal cells bodies, unmyelinated axons

37. All of the following are characteristics of local potentials EXCEPT

Vary in magnitude with stimulus strength (graded)

Get weaker the farther they spread (decremental)

Are reversible

Can only be excitatory

None of the above

38. All are characteristics of neurotransmitters EXCEPT

Synthesized by the presynaptic neuron

Released in response to stimulation

Bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic cell

Alter the physiology of the cell

None of the above

39. Which of the following is not considered an Ascending spinal tract

Gracile fasciculus

Tectospinal tract

Cuneate fasciculus

Posterior spinocerebellar tract

Spinoreticular tract

40. During the patellar tendon reflex arc, the muscles contract while the muscles relax thanks to a phenomenon known as __

Hamstring, quadriceps, reciprocal inhibition

Quadriceps, hamstring, reciprocal inhibition

Hamstring, quadriceps, feedforward inhibition

Biceps, triceps, reciprocal inhibition

Quadriceps, hamstring, negative feedback loop

41. During the "rising phase" or depolarization phase of an action potential

Na+ channels open allowing Na+ to flow out of the neuron

The neuron becomes more positive

K+ flows out of the cell

Cl- flows into the cell

Both A and C

42. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) occurs when or receptors are activated allowing to flow the cell

GABA, glycine, Cl-, into

Glutamate, glycine, Na+, into

GABA, glycine, Cl-, out

Glutamate, acetylcholine, Na+, out

Glutamate, acetylcholine, Na+, into

43. The division of the also called the autonomic nervous system is subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Visceral sensory, PNS

Somatic motor, PNS

Visceral motor, CNS

Somatic motor, CNS

Visceral motor, PNS

44. The ______ bundles numerous fascicles that constitutes the whole nerve

Perineurium

Neurilemma

Epineurium

Endoneurium

Basal lamina

45. Which of the following is NOT an important property of reflexes

Require stimulation

Slow

Voluntary

Sterotyped

Both B and C

46. The primary function of this brain region is motor coordination

Cerebral cortex

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Hippocampus

Cerebellum

47. The limbic system of the brain contains which two important structures that are responsible for memory and emotion respectively

Hippocampus and amygdala

Hypothalamus and hippocampus

Hippocampus and medulla oblongata

Thalamus and amygdala

Amygdala and cerebellum

48. All of the following are functions of the cerebrospinal fluid EXCEPT

Buoyancy

Neural signal integration

Protection

Chemical stability

Both B and D

49. In regards to the enteric nervoys system

Is the nervous system of the kidneys

Regulates blood vessel tension

Has no component in the CNS

Utilizes CNS reflex arcs

None of the above

50. A skeletal muscle reflex arc would dontain all of the following EXCEPT

Somatic receptor

Afferent sensory fiber

Integration center

Afferent motor nerve fiber

Both C and D

A&p Exam 4

1. Which lobes of the brain are responsible for vision and hearing, respectively

2.

What first name or nickname would you like us to use?

2. ______ myelinate neurons in the CNS while ______ myelinate neurons in the PNS

3. This type of cell is responsible for secreting and circulating cerebrospinal fluid

4. The spinal cord gives rise to ______ pairs of spinal nerves which pass through holes referred to as ______ except for the first pair which passes between ______ and the skull

5. The ______ system utilizes electrical and chemical signals to send messages that are usually ______ than the messages from the ______ system that uses chemical signals for communication

6. A multipolar neuron has

7. Which type of neuron is responsible for carrying out integrative functions

8. The pons lies between which two brain regions

9. The thick folds of the brain are referred to as ______ while the shallow grooves are referred to as ______

10. The part of the action potential where a neuron is resistant to further stimulation is referred to as the

11. Nuclei are found in the ______ while ganglia are found in the ______

12. Sensory information carried by ______ neurons enters the spinal cord through the ______ while motor information carried by ______ neurons leaves through the ______

13. This part of the brain is what remains if the cerebrum and cerebellum are removed

14. This brain region is the major control center for both the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems

15. Cranial nerve III is referred to as the ______ nerve and functions as a ______ nerve

16. The ______ is the structure where an axon originates from the soma and where action potentials are triggered

17. The ______ is a thick ______ matter tract that connects the two hemispheres of the brain

18. The ______ is the "relay station" of the brain and is part of the ______

19. A visceral sensory neuron would be referred to as a/an ______ neuron that carries info from the ______ and ______ cavities to the CNS

20. Which of the cranial nerves plays a major role in the control of cardiac, pulmonary, digestive, and urinary functions

21. The resting membrane potential

22. The ______ nervous system's actions are ______ and are responsible for maintaining ______

23. Which plexus supplies the phrenic nerve to the diaphragm

24. Cranial nerve V is referred to as the ______ nerve and functions as a ______ nerve

25. Which of the following neurotransmitters is secreted by all preganglionic neurons in the autonomic nervous system

26. A patient who is having trouble with their rate and depth of breathing as well as their rate and force of heart contractions might have a lesion in which brain region

27. All of the following are considered higher brain functions EXCEPT

28. The ______ mater is pressed closest to the cranial bones in the skull is composed of two layers referred to as the ______ and ______

29. A/an ______, meaning "little human" in latin, is a type of topographical map used to map both sensory and motor functions to the surface of the brain

30. In a somatic motor pathway, ______ nerve reaches all the way to the effector while in an autonomic pathway, the signal must travel across ______ neurons to reach the effector

31. The cerebellum is ______ to the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex, and the cerebrum is ______ to the medulla oblongata

32. All of the following are mechanisms of signal cessation in neurons EXCEPT

33. In general, a Descending tract would begin in the ______ and contain an upper motor neuron in the ______ and a lower motor neuron in the ______

34. The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system has ______ preganglionic nerve fibers and is responsible for ______ while the parasympathetic division has ______ preganglionic fibers and is responsible for ______

35. All of the following are functions of the spinal cord EXCEPT

36. White matter contains ______ while gray matter contains ______

37. All of the following are characteristics of local potentials EXCEPT

38. All are characteristics of neurotransmitters EXCEPT

39. Which of the following is not considered an Ascending spinal tract

40. During the patellar tendon reflex arc, the ______ muscles contract while the ______ muscles relax thanks to a phenomenon known as ______

41. During the "rising phase" or depolarization phase of an action potential

42. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) occurs when ______ or ______ receptors are activated allowing ______ to flow ______ the cell

43. The ______ division of the ______ also called the autonomic nervous system is subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

44. The ______ bundles numerous fascicles that constitutes the whole nerve

45. Which of the following is NOT an important property of reflexes

46. The primary function of this brain region is motor coordination

47. The limbic system of the brain contains which two important structures that are responsible for memory and emotion respectively

48. All of the following are functions of the cerebrospinal fluid EXCEPT

49. In regards to the enteric nervoys system

50. A skeletal muscle reflex arc would dontain all of the following EXCEPT

2. myelinate neurons in the CNS while myelinate neurons in the PNS

4. The spinal cord gives rise to pairs of spinal nerves which pass through holes referred to as except for the first pair which passes between __ and the skull

5. The system utilizes electrical and chemical signals to send messages that are usually than the messages from the __ system that uses chemical signals for communication

9. The thick folds of the brain are referred to as while the shallow grooves are referred to as

11. Nuclei are found in the while ganglia are found in the

12. Sensory information carried by neurons enters the spinal cord through the while motor information carried by neurons leaves through the

15. Cranial nerve III is referred to as the nerve and functions as a nerve

17. The is a thick matter tract that connects the two hemispheres of the brain

18. The is the "relay station" of the brain and is part of the

19. A visceral sensory neuron would be referred to as a/an neuron that carries info from the and __ cavities to the CNS

22. The nervous system's actions are and are responsible for maintaining __

24. Cranial nerve V is referred to as the nerve and functions as a nerve

28. The mater is pressed closest to the cranial bones in the skull is composed of two layers referred to as the and __

30. In a somatic motor pathway, nerve reaches all the way to the effector while in an autonomic pathway, the signal must travel across neurons to reach the effector

31. The cerebellum is to the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex, and the cerebrum is to the medulla oblongata

33. In general, a Descending tract would begin in the and contain an upper motor neuron in the and a lower motor neuron in the __

34. The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system has preganglionic nerve fibers and is responsible for while the parasympathetic division has preganglionic fibers and is responsible for

36. White matter contains while gray matter contains

40. During the patellar tendon reflex arc, the muscles contract while the muscles relax thanks to a phenomenon known as __

42. An inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP) occurs when or receptors are activated allowing to flow the cell

43. The division of the also called the autonomic nervous system is subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions