Overla - International Relations During The Cold War

The correct answer is the differences that separate the two superpowers politically, American democracy and Soviet communism. This is because the ideological differences between the United States and the Soviet Union were primarily based on their differing political systems. The United States embraced democracy and capitalism, while the Soviet Union practiced communism and had a centralized government. These ideological differences shaped their foreign policies, economic systems, and ultimately led to the Cold War rivalry between the two nations.

In 1947, President Truman announced in a speech to Congress that "it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by armed oppression." This statement is known as the Truman Doctrine. The Truman Doctrine was a policy that aimed to contain the spread of communism by providing economic and military aid to countries threatened by communist expansion. It marked a shift in US foreign policy towards a more interventionist approach and set the stage for future US involvement in conflicts such as the Korean War and the Vietnam War.

The correct answer is the fact that the Soviet Union had taken control of eastern Europe and that western European allies were under the threat of communist takeover as well. This is because Winston Churchill's statement referred to the division of Europe into two opposing sides, with the Soviet Union establishing communist governments in countries of Eastern Europe, creating a metaphorical "iron curtain" separating the communist bloc from the democratic Western countries. Churchill's statement highlighted the fear and concern about the spread of communism and the potential threat it posed to Western Europe.

The text states that the Soviet Union lost nearly 20 million people during the Second World War and its countryside was virtually destroyed. This suggests that the statement is true, as it aligns with the information provided in the text.

NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, was indeed the first military alliance that the United States had ever joined. This alliance was formed in 1949 and aimed to promote collective defense and security among its member countries. Prior to joining NATO, the United States had generally followed a policy of avoiding entangling alliances, making its decision to join NATO a significant shift in its foreign policy. Therefore, the statement that NATO was historically the first military alliance that the United States had ever joined is true.

The correct nations belonging to the Warsaw Pact were the Soviet Union, Poland, Romania, and Hungary.

During the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1961, the two leaders at the center of the issue were Nikita Khruschev, the leader of the Soviet Union, and John F. Kennedy, the President of the United States. They were engaged in a tense standoff over the placement of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba, which brought the world to the brink of nuclear war.

The countries that would fall under the sphere of influence for the United States are Great Britain, France, Iceland, and Canada. These countries have historically had close diplomatic, economic, and military ties with the United States. They have cooperated closely on various issues, such as defense, trade, and intelligence sharing. The United States has significant influence and leverage over these countries, and they often align their policies with American interests.

During the 1950's and 1960's, many western leaders were concerned about the spread of communism in Asia and eastern Europe. They observed that one country after another was falling under the Soviet sphere of influence, leading them to believe in the Domino Effect. This theory suggested that if one country became communist, neighboring countries would also follow suit, like a row of falling dominoes. This concern led to the development of the Containment Policy, which aimed to prevent the spread of communism and protect Western interests. The Domino Effect was a key factor in shaping this policy. The Marshall Plan and Truman Doctrine were also strategies used in response to the spread of communism, but they were not directly related to the concept of the Domino Effect.

During the 1950's, Korea became the first real test to President Truman's policy of containment. This policy aimed to prevent the spread of communism outside the Soviet sphere of influence. The Korean War, which began in 1950, was a conflict between North Korea, supported by the Soviet Union and China, and South Korea, supported by the United States and its allies. This war was a crucial test for the US in upholding its policy of containment and preventing the spread of communism.

The correct answer is Alliance for Progress. The Alliance for Progress was an economic aid program implemented by the United States in the 1960s to promote social and economic development in Latin America. It aimed to address the underlying causes of poverty and social unrest in the region, and counter the influence of communism by improving living conditions and promoting economic growth. The program provided funds for infrastructure projects such as roads, schools, hospitals, and water projects, with the goal of fostering stability and progress in Central America.

The Marshall Plan provided economic and military aid to Western Europe, helping to strengthen existing governments and reduce the power of communist parties. Additionally, it helped to politically and economically connect Western Europe to the United States.

The Berlin Airlift was a response to the Soviet army's blockade of all land transportation into Berlin. The United States, along with its allies Great Britain and France, airlifted more than a million tons of food and fuel into the city to sustain its population. This action was taken to counter the Soviet blockade and ensure the survival of the people in Berlin.