Unit 6 Quiz 1 Earth Science

The red layer is composed of liquid iron (Fe) or liquid metal.

The cultures of people in the continents are not a piece of evidence to support Continental Drift because cultural similarities or differences among people do not directly relate to the movement or shifting of continents over time. Continental Drift theory is based on geological and paleontological evidence, such as the matching geological patterns and the presence of similar fossils on different continents, as well as the fitting together of the continents like puzzle pieces.

Paleomagnetism, seafloor spreading, and midocean ridges are all pieces of evidence that support the Plate Tectonic Theory. Paleomagnetism refers to the study of the Earth's magnetic field recorded in rocks, which has provided evidence for the movement of tectonic plates over time. Seafloor spreading is the process by which new oceanic crust is formed at midocean ridges, and this supports the idea that tectonic plates are moving apart. Midocean ridges are underwater mountain ranges where seafloor spreading occurs, and their presence is consistent with the concept of tectonic plate movement. Therefore, it can be concluded that the given statement is true.

The lithosphere is composed of the crust and the upper mantle. It is the rigid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of solid rock. This layer includes the continents and oceanic plates, and it is where tectonic activity and earthquakes occur. The lithosphere is responsible for supporting the Earth's landforms and providing a solid foundation for the Earth's surface.

The correct answer is Asia, Australia, Antarctica. These three landmasses are currently recognized as continents. Asia is the largest continent and is located primarily in the eastern hemisphere. Australia is the smallest continent and is located in the southern hemisphere. Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is mostly covered in ice.

Plate Tectonic Theory is the theory that Earth's outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle. It is used to study earthquakes and volcanoes. Additionally, it is a relatively new theory that supports Continental Drift.

The mantle is the thickest layer of the Earth, located between the crust and the core. It is composed of solid rock that is extremely hot, with high levels of silicon, sulfur, and iron. This layer is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates and the convection currents that drive plate tectonics.

Subduction is the process in plate tectonics where one tectonic plate moves underneath another plate and sinks into the Earth's mantle. This process is responsible for destroying old oceanic crusts, allowing new ocean floor to be created. As the subducting plate sinks, it undergoes intense heat and pressure, causing it to melt and form magma. This magma then rises to the surface, creating volcanic activity and the formation of new crust. Therefore, the correct answer is that subduction destroys old oceanic crusts so new ocean floor can be created.

The correct answer is Stegosaurus because it is a well-known fossil species that we discussed. Stegosaurus is a herbivorous dinosaur that lived during the Late Jurassic period. It is known for its distinctive plates and spikes on its back. We discussed other fossil species such as Mesosaurus, Glossopteris, and Lystrosaurus, which were all important in understanding Earth's history and evolution.

Strain force is not a type of deformational stress on rock. Deformational stress refers to the forces that cause rocks to change shape or size. Compressional force occurs when rocks are squeezed or compressed, shearing force occurs when rocks slide past each other in opposite directions, and tension force occurs when rocks are pulled apart. However, strain force is not a recognized term in the context of deformational stress on rocks.

The given image or context is not provided, so it is difficult to determine the specific deformational force being shown. However, based on the options provided, the correct answer is Shear Force. Shear force occurs when two forces act parallel to each other but in opposite directions, causing the material to deform by sliding or shearing.

Convection currents are related to plate tectonics because they carry plates through cycles of hot and cooled magma. These currents occur in the Earth's mantle, where heat from the core causes the magma to rise, creating a circular motion. As the magma cools, it sinks back down, causing the plates above to move. This movement of the plates is responsible for various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains. Therefore, the convection currents play a crucial role in the process of plate tectonics.

Glossopteris was a type of plant similar to a fern found on all the continents that once made up Gondowana. Mesosaurus was a reptile species living 280 million years ago and found on South America and Africa.