1.
Which of the following are components of bone strength?
A. 
B. 
C. 
Bone type and bone quality
D. 
Bone strength and Vitamin D levels
E. 
2.
Patients with vertebral fractures may experience chronic pain, height loss, _____. This can cause restrictive lung disease and involves curvature of the upper spine.
3.
Women have accelerated bone loss surrounding menopause owing to loss of estrogen. Yet, osteoporosis can also develop from secondary causes such as:(check all that apply)
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
4.
The human skeleton consists of both corticol and trabecular bone. Under normal circumstances, the skeleton undergoes a dynamic process of bone remodeling. Osteoclasts are involved with resorption. Resorption is also known as...
5.
A standardized approach to measuring BMD for the diagnosis of osteoporosis include peripheral bone mineral density measurements.
6.
A white 60 year old woman walks up to the pharmacy counter with a cup of Starbucks in her hand. She states that her mom had osteoporosis and was wondering if she should be screened?
7.
All current national guidelines for BMD testing agree routine screening should occur for women aged ___ or older.
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
8.
A T-score is the number of standard deviations from the mean bone mineral density in healthy young white women. Osteoporosis is defined as a T-score at least -2.5 standard deviations below the mean. Osteopenia is defined as a T-score between -2.5 and -1.0 standard deviations below the mean.
9.
Which of the following are risk factors for osteoporosis?(check all that apply)
A. 
B. 
Having had a hysterectomy
C. 
Having a small body frame
D. 
Eating prednisone like candy for more than 3 months
E. 
10.
Which medications are associated with bone loss?(check all that apply)
A. 
B. 
C. 
Immunosuppressive meds (such as cyclosporine)
D. 
E. 
Excessive levothyroxine doses
11.
Kidney stones may occur with use of...
12.
NOF guidelines for BMD treatment include a T-score below -1.0 by central DXA and FRAX risk probability greater than or equal to 20% or greater than or equal to ____ for hip fracture.
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
13.
A patient presents to the pharmacy seeking information about treatment for her bone loss. She is allergic to bisphosphonates. She has chronic pain and is really hoping for a medication that inhibits osteoclast activity. She also just recently bought a new refrigerator and would like to use it as much as she can. What would be the best drug for her?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
14.
Zolendronate is given as an IV infusion 5mg over 15 minutes _______. The most common adverse events include myalgia, headache, arthralgia, and pain in extremities.
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
E. 
15.
SERMs not only help improve BMD but they are a good choice for post-menopausal women due to their hot-flash reducing effects.
16.
Which form of calcium contains the highest elemental calcium?
A. 
B. 
C. 
D. 
17.
Concern exists over the use of chronic bisphosphonate therapy due to reports of _____ osteonecrosis.Hint: your dentist might notice this before your doctor would
18.
Lab tests have little value in diagnosing osteoporosis but can be beneficial in identifying secondary causes of bone loss (such as hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, cancer, or low vitamin D).