Medical Term Quiz Questions Part - 15

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| By Saraswatastar

Saraswatastar

Community Contributor

Quizzes Created: 23 | Total Attempts: 4,644

Questions: 10 | Attempts: 199 | Updated: Mar 21, 2023

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Questions and Answers

1.

Not used for surface anesthesia
- A.
  
  Lignocaine
- B.
  
  Procaine
- C.
  
  Tetracaine
- D.
  
  Benzocaine
Correct Answer
B. Procaine

Explanation
Procaine is not used for surface anesthesia because it is a local anesthetic that is primarily used for infiltration anesthesia and nerve block anesthesia. It is not effective when applied topically to the skin or mucous membranes. Lignocaine, Tetracaine, and Benzocaine, on the other hand, are commonly used for surface anesthesia as they can numb the skin and mucous membranes when applied topically.

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2.

Earliest sign of systemic absorption of local anesthetic is
- A.
  
  Convulsions
- B.
  
  Circulatory collapse
- C.
  
  Circumoral numbness
- D.
  
  Respiratory arrest
Correct Answer
C. Circumoral numbness

Explanation
Circumoral numbness is the earliest sign of systemic absorption of a local anesthetic. This means that when a local anesthetic is administered, if it is absorbed into the bloodstream and starts affecting the central nervous system, the first noticeable symptom would be numbness around the mouth. This can be a warning sign that the anesthetic is starting to have systemic effects and further monitoring and intervention may be necessary to prevent complications. Convulsions, circulatory collapse, and respiratory arrest are all potential complications that can occur if the systemic absorption of the local anesthetic is not addressed promptly.

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3.

Square root sign is characteristic of
- A.
  
  Dilated cardiomyopathy
- B.
  
  Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- C.
  
  Constrictive pericarditis
- D.
  
  Cardiac tamponade
Correct Answer
C. Constrictive pericarditis

Explanation
The square root sign is characteristic of constrictive pericarditis. This condition is characterized by the thickening and stiffening of the pericardium, which is the sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This stiffening can cause impaired diastolic filling of the heart, leading to the characteristic square root sign on the ventricular pressure waveform. Dilated cardiomyopathy, restrictive cardiomyopathy, and cardiac tamponade do not typically present with this specific waveform pattern.

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4.

Calcific hepatic metastases are seen in
- A.
  
  Adenocarcinoma of the colon
- B.
  
  Carcinoid tumors
- C.
  
  Renal cell carcinoma
- D.
  
  Lymphoma
Correct Answer
A. Adenocarcinoma of the colon

Explanation
Calcific hepatic metastases are commonly seen in adenocarcinoma of the colon. Adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer that originates in the glandular cells of the colon. When cancer cells from the colon spread to the liver, they can cause the formation of calcifications in the liver tissue. This is a characteristic finding in cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the colon. The other options listed, such as carcinoid tumors, renal cell carcinoma, and lymphoma, may also metastasize to the liver, but they are less commonly associated with calcific hepatic metastases.

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5.

'Shrinking lung' is a feature of
- A.
  
  Rheumatoid arthritis
- B.
  
  SLE
- C.
  
  Systemic sclerosis
- D.
  
  Polymyositis
Correct Answer
B. SLE

Explanation
'Shrinking lung' refers to a condition called pulmonary fibrosis, which is characterized by the scarring and stiffening of lung tissue. This condition is commonly seen in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. SLE can cause inflammation in various organs, including the lungs, leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, SLE is the most likely condition associated with the feature of 'shrinking lung'.

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6.

'Stipple sign' seen in transitional cell ca of the renal collecting system is best demonstrated by
- A.
  
  IVU
- B.
  
  Retrograde pyeloureterography
- C.
  
  Radionuclide scan
- D.
  
  Ultrasound scan
Correct Answer
A. IVU

Explanation
The stipple sign refers to the presence of small, punctate calcifications within the renal collecting system, which can be seen in transitional cell carcinoma. IVU (intravenous urography) is the best imaging modality to demonstrate this sign. IVU involves the injection of a contrast agent into the bloodstream, which is then filtered by the kidneys and excreted into the urinary system. This allows for visualization of the renal collecting system and any abnormalities, such as the stipple sign, that may be present. Retrograde pyeloureterography, radionuclide scan, and ultrasound scan are not as effective in demonstrating the stipple sign.

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7.

Which of the following is a cause of unilateral hyperlucent lung on chest radiography?
- A.
  
  Poland syndrome
- B.
  
  Asthma
- C.
  
  Acute bronchiolitis
- D.
  
  Pleural effusion
Correct Answer
A. Poland syndrome

Explanation
Poland syndrome is a rare congenital condition characterized by the absence or underdevelopment of chest muscles on one side of the body. This can cause a unilateral hyperlucent lung on chest radiography because the absence of chest muscles can lead to a decreased volume of the affected lung, resulting in increased air content and hyperlucency on the radiograph. Asthma, acute bronchiolitis, and pleural effusion are not typically associated with unilateral hyperlucent lung on chest radiography.

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8.

Rim and ball nephrograms in IVU are seen in
- A.
  
  Normal kidneys
- B.
  
  Acute obstructive nephropathy
- C.
  
  Chronic obstructive nephropathy
- D.
  
  Chronic renal failure
Correct Answer
C. Chronic obstructive nephropathy

Explanation
Rim and ball nephrograms in IVU are seen in chronic obstructive nephropathy. This condition is characterized by the presence of multiple filling defects in the renal pelvis and calyces, which appear as rim and ball-shaped opacities on imaging. These filling defects are caused by the presence of calculi or tumors in the urinary tract, leading to obstruction of urine flow. Chronic obstructive nephropathy can result in progressive renal damage and eventually lead to chronic renal failure. Normal kidneys would not show these abnormalities, while acute obstructive nephropathy is a more acute condition.

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9.

Urticarial lesions are best described as
- A.
  
  Non-pruritic
- B.
  
  Bullous
- C.
  
  Evanescent
- D.
  
  Macular
Correct Answer
C. Evanescent

Explanation
Urticarial lesions are best described as evanescent because they are characterized by their transient nature, appearing suddenly and disappearing within a few hours. This term is used to describe the fleeting and short-lived nature of these lesions, which typically last for less than 24 hours. The term "evanescent" accurately captures this temporary quality of urticarial lesions, distinguishing them from other types of skin conditions that may be more persistent or long-lasting.

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10.

The following logo is of
- A.
  
  Indian Academy of Pediatrics
- B.
  
  Indian Journal of Pediatrics
- C.
  
  NUHM
- D.
  
  Janani Suraksha Yojana
Correct Answer
B. Indian Journal of Pediatrics

Explanation
The logo is of the Indian Journal of Pediatrics because it is commonly used as the official logo of the publication. The Indian Academy of Pediatrics is an organization that focuses on the overall well-being of children, but it does not have a specific logo associated with it. NUHM (National Urban Health Mission) is a government initiative focused on improving healthcare in urban areas, and Janani Suraksha Yojana is a government program aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality rates in India. Neither of these initiatives have any connection to the logo in question.

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Current Version
Mar 21, 2023

Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team
Nov 16, 2014

Quiz Created by
Saraswatastar

Medical Term Quiz Questions Part - 15

Not used for surface anesthesia

Earliest sign of systemic absorption of local anesthetic is

Square root sign is characteristic of

Calcific hepatic metastases are seen in

'Shrinking lung' is a feature of

'Stipple sign' seen in transitional cell ca of the renal collecting system is best demonstrated by

Which of the following is a cause of unilateral hyperlucent lung on chest radiography?

Rim and ball nephrograms in IVU are seen in

Urticarial lesions are best described as

The following logo is of