The Osteon Or Haversian System Quiz Questions

100 Questions | By NSAP1 | Updated: Jan 24, 2023 | Attempts: 600

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The Osteon Or Haversian System Quiz Questions - Quiz

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1.

What is the strongest and longest bone in the body?
- A.
  
  Mandible
- B.
  
  Femur
- C.
  
  Humerus
- D.
  
  Tibia
- E.
  
  Ulna
2.

What is the difference between endochondral and intramembranous ossification?
- A.
  
  In endochondral ossification, cartilage is replaced with bone, and in intramembranous ossification, mesenchyme in an embryo is transformed into bone.
- B.
  
  In endochondral ossification, mesenchyme in an embryo is transformed into bone, and in intramembranous ossification, cartilage is replaced with bone.
- C.
  
  Endochondral ossification produces flat bones of the skull and the clavicle in the fetus.
- D.
  
  Intramembranous ossification produces the long bones.
3.

When blood calcium levels become low, what major hormone is released in the blood to increase blood calcium levels?
- A.
  
  Calcitonin
- B.
  
  Parathyroid hormone
- C.
  
  Testosterone
- D.
  
  Estrogen
4.

David has had eczema, a chronic and itchy inflammation of the skin, since childhood. He wants to learn about the different layers of the skin. Which of the following is not true?
- A.
  
  The Epidermis is composed of stratified squamous epithelium, and is part of the skin.
- B.
  
  The Dermis is composed of connective tissue, and is part of the skin.
- C.
  
  The hypodermis is composed of connective tissue, and is not part of the skin.
5.

Which of the following is true concerning thick and thin skin?
- A.
  
  Thick skin is found in the palms of hands and soles of feet, and has sweat glands, but not hair follicles nor sebaceous (oil) glands.
- B.
  
  Thin skin is found in the palms of hands and soles of feet, and has sweat glands, but not hair follicles nor sebaceous (oil) glands.
- C.
  
  Stratum Lucidum is found in thick and thin skin.
- D.
  
  Stratum Lucidum is found in neither thick nor thin skin.
6.

What are the five layers of the epidermis from deep to superficial?
- A.
  
  Stratum Corneum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale,
- B.
  
  Stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Corneum
- C.
  
  Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Corneum
- D.
  
  Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Corneum
7.

Dendritic cells are macrophages that guard against pathogens, and are produced by the bone marrow. Where would you find these?
- A.
  
  Stratum Basale only
- B.
  
  Stratum Spinosum only
- C.
  
  Stratum Granulosum only
- D.
  
  Stratum Corneum only
- E.
  
  Both B & C
8.

Jimmy is a surfer and loves to spend a lot of time outdoors. What cell in the skin synthesizes a pigment that shields DNA from ultraviolet radiation?
- A.
  
  Stem Cells
- B.
  
  Keratinocytes
- C.
  
  Melanocytes
- D.
  
  Tactile Cells
- E.
  
  Dendritic Cells
9.

In the Houston humidy, Ashley notices that she sweats a lot when she runs 3 miles in the late afternoon. There are different mechanisms that the body does to maintain the internal temperature from rising too high. Afterall, homeostasis keeps us alive. Which gland is responsible for the watery perspiration that helps cool the body?
- A.
  
  Apocrine (Sweat) Glands
- B.
  
  Merocrine (Eccrine) Sweat Glands
10.

What is the eponychium composed of?
- A.
  
  Dead epidermal cells
- B.
  
  Dead epidermal cells
- C.
  
  Live dermal cells
- D.
  
  Dead dermal cells Dead dermal cells
11.

The skin has many important functions. One of them is thermoregulation. In response to feeling cold, the body will retain heat by _____ the vessels in theskin. In response to feeling hot, the body will loose heat by _____ the vessels in the skin.
- A.
  
  Dilating; constricting
- B.
  
  Constricting; dilating
12.

You are standing near the fridge looking for something to eat, and suddenly develop goosebumps. What type of muscle tissue is a piloerector muscle (arrector pili) composed of?
- A.
  
  Skeletal Muscle
- B.
  
  Cardiac Muscle
- C.
  
  Smooth Muscle
13.

What is the region pointed by the double-arrow called?
- A.
  
  Epidermal Papilla
- B.
  
  Dermal Papilla
14.

Which of the following organs carries out the first step in the synthesis of Vitamin D?
- A.
  
  Intestines
- B.
  
  Skin
- C.
  
  Liver
- D.
  
  Kidney
15.

Where are hair follicles embedded?
- A.
  
  Epidermis
- B.
  
  Dermis
- C.
  
  Both
16.

The youngest keratinocytes are found in the stratum basale.
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
17.

Which of the following is not found in the epidermis?
- A.
  
  Melanocytes
- B.
  
  Fibroblasts
- C.
  
  Stem Cells
- D.
  
  Keratinocytes
- E.
  
  Tactile (Merkel) Cells
18.

Which of the following are associated with the sense of touch?
- A.
  
  Fibroblasts
- B.
  
  Melanocytes
- C.
  
  Keratinocytes
- D.
  
  Dendritic (Langerhans) Cells
- E.
  
  Tactile (Merkel) Cells
19.

1. A _____ connects a muscle to a bone, whereas a _____ connects one bone to another. Use lowercase alphabet letters only and separate the first and second answers with a coma. Do not use spaces.
20.

This hand belongs to a(n) _____.
- A.
  
  Adult
- B.
  
  Child
21.

What is represented by Zone 3?
- A.
  
  Typical histology of resting hyaline cartilage
- B.
  
  Breakdown of lacuna walls, leaving open channels; death of chondrocytes; bone deposition by osteoblasts, forminc trabeculae of spongy bone.
- C.
  
  Chondrocytes multiplying and lining up in rows of small flattened lacuna walls
- D.
  
  Temporary calcification of cartilage matrix between columns of lacunae
- E.
  
  Cessation of mitosis; enlargement of chondrocytes and thinning of lacuna walls
22.

The skeletal system performs all of the following functions except _____.
- A.
  
  Protective enclosure of the viscera.
- B.
  
  Maintenance of electrolyte balance.
- C.
  
  Maintenance of acid-base balance.
- D.
  
  Regulation of body temperature.
- E.
  
  Production of blood cells.
23.

You are following the pathway of a glucose molecule from the nutrient foramen in compact bone to an osteocyte in the second row of lacunae of an osteon or Haversian system. Which one of the following represents the most likely pathway?
- A.
  
  Central (haversian) canal-->perforating (Volkmann) canal-->canaliculus-->lacuna-->canaliculus-->lacuna
- B.
  
  perforating canal-->central canal--> lacuna -->canaliculus -->lacuna
- C.
  
  Central canal--> canaliculus -->Volkmann canal--> canaliculus -->lacuna -->canaliculus-->lacuna
- D.
  
  perforating canal-->central canal -->canaliculus -->lacuna -->canaliculus -->lacuna
- E.
  
  Central canal -->perforating canal -->lacuna -->canaliculus -->lacuna
24.

Appositional growth of a long bone has the effect of
- A.
  
  Replacing osteoid tissue with osseous tissue.
- B.
  
  Replacing spongy bone with compact bone.
- C.
  
  Increasing the diameter of the bone.
- D.
  
  Increasing the length of the bone.
- E.
  
  Fusing the epiphysis to the diaphysis.
25.

The cavity in the diaphysis of long bones is called the ______ cavity and commonly contains ______ marrow.
- A.
  
  Medullary; red
- B.
  
  Epiphysis; red
- C.
  
  Medullary; yellow
- D.
  
  Epiphysis; yellow
- E.
  
  Endosteum; gelatinous