Skeletal System Concepts Quiz!

Explanation
The epiphysis is the correct answer because it is the part of the bone that grows vertically. The epiphysis is located at the ends of long bones and contains the growth plate, which is responsible for bone growth during childhood and adolescence. It is also where the bone forms a joint with another bone, allowing for movement and flexibility. The diaphysis is the long, cylindrical shaft of the bone, while the articular cartilage covers the ends of bones where they meet to form a joint. The periosteum is a tough, fibrous membrane that covers the outer surface of bones.

Explanation
The spongy bone is not located in the center of the bone. It is actually found at the ends of long bones, such as the femur or humerus, and also in the middle of flat bones, such as the sternum or ribs. The spongy bone is characterized by its porous and lattice-like structure, which helps to reduce the weight of the bone while maintaining its strength.

Explanation
Red bone marrow is responsible for the production of blood cells in the body. It contains hematopoietic stem cells, which are capable of differentiating into various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red blood cells are important for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues, while white blood cells play a crucial role in the immune system. Platelets are involved in blood clotting. Therefore, the correct answer is red.

Explanation
Haversian canals are microscopic channels found in compact bone. These canals contain blood vessels and nerves that supply nutrients and oxygen to the bone cells, as well as remove waste products. Therefore, the statement that Haversian canals have a blood vessel and a nerve is true.

Explanation
The movements of the shoulder girdle include elevation, depression, and rotation. Elevation refers to the movement of raising the shoulder girdle towards the head, while depression is the movement of lowering the shoulder girdle away from the head. Rotation involves the movement of the shoulder girdle in a circular motion, allowing for different positions and orientations. Extension, however, is not a movement of the shoulder girdle but rather a movement of the arm at the shoulder joint, where the arm is moved away from the body.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Sacrum, ilium, coxal, pubis, ischium." The pelvic girdle is made up of several bones including the sacrum, ilium, coxal bone, pubis, and ischium. These bones together form a ring-like structure that connects the axial skeleton (spine) to the lower limbs. The sacrum is a triangular bone located at the base of the spine, while the ilium is the largest and uppermost bone of the pelvis. The coxal bone is formed by the fusion of the ilium, ischium, and pubis, which are all separate bones in early development. The pubis and ischium are located at the front and back of the coxal bone, respectively.

Explanation
The statement "All vertebrae are equal" is false. Vertebrae are the individual bones that make up the vertebral column or spine. They are not all equal in size, shape, or function. Different vertebrae have different characteristics and functions depending on their location in the spine. For example, the cervical vertebrae in the neck are smaller and more mobile, while the lumbar vertebrae in the lower back are larger and provide more stability. Therefore, it is incorrect to say that all vertebrae are equal.

Explanation
Ligaments are tough, fibrous connective tissues that connect bones to other bones in the body. They provide stability and support to joints, allowing for proper movement and preventing excessive or abnormal movements that could lead to injury. Ligaments are found throughout the body and play a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of joints. Therefore, the statement that ligaments attach bone to bone is correct.

Explanation
Tendons are strong, fibrous connective tissues that connect muscles to bones. They play a crucial role in transmitting the force generated by the muscles to the bones, allowing movement to occur. Therefore, the statement that tendons attach muscles to bones is correct.