Vnsg Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide
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HCCS VNSG 1320 Study Guide
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The study of how the body functions is called:
- A.
Physiology
- B.
Homeostasis
- C.
Anatomy
- D.
Dissection
Correct Answer
A. PhysiologyExplanation
Physiology is the study of how the body functions, including the processes and mechanisms that occur within living organisms. It focuses on understanding the various systems and functions of the body, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and nervous systems. Anatomy, on the other hand, is the study of the structure and organization of the body. Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment. Dissection involves the cutting and examination of body parts for anatomical study. Therefore, physiology is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the study of bodily functions.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The word derived from 2 Greek words meaning "a cutting up" is:
- A.
Physiology
- B.
Homeostasis
- C.
Anatomy
- D.
Dissection
Correct Answer
C. AnatomyExplanation
The word "anatomy" is derived from 2 Greek words meaning "a cutting up." This suggests that anatomy involves the study of the structure and organization of living organisms by dissecting and examining their parts. Physiology is the study of how living organisms function, while homeostasis refers to the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment. Dissection is the act of cutting apart or separating tissues for examination. Therefore, the correct answer is anatomy.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The correct sequence of the level of organization is:
- A.
Cellular, chemical, tissue, organ
- B.
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ
- C.
Chemical, cellular, organ, tissue
- D.
Chemical, tissue, cellular, organ
Correct Answer
B. Chemical, cellular, tissue, organExplanation
The correct sequence of the level of organization starts with chemical, followed by cellular, then tissue, and finally organ. This sequence makes sense as chemical level refers to the basic building blocks of living organisms, cellular level represents the individual units of life, tissue level refers to a group of cells working together, and organ level represents a group of tissues functioning together to perform a specific task.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The smallest living unit of structure is considered to be at the:
- A.
Chemical level
- B.
Cellular level
- C.
Organ level
- D.
Tissue level
Correct Answer
B. Cellular levelExplanation
The smallest living unit of structure is considered to be at the cellular level because cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms. They are responsible for carrying out all the essential functions of life, such as metabolism, reproduction, and response to stimuli. Cells are capable of independent existence and can perform specific functions within the organism. While tissues, organs, and chemical levels are also important in the organization of living organisms, the cellular level is the fundamental level where life begins and functions are carried out.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The reference position for all body directional terms is the:
- A.
Anatomical position
- B.
Prone position
- C.
Supine position
- D.
Sitting position
Correct Answer
A. Anatomical positionExplanation
The reference position for all body directional terms is the anatomical position. This position is a standardized way of describing the body's position, where the body is upright, facing forward, with the arms at the sides and the palms facing forward. It is used as a reference point to describe the location or direction of body parts, allowing for clear and consistent communication in the field of anatomy and medicine.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The relationship between the knee and the ankle can be described as:
- A.
The knee is inferior to the ankle
- B.
The knee is distal to the ankle
- C.
The knee is proximal to the ankle
- D.
Both a and b above
Correct Answer
C. The knee is proximal to the ankleExplanation
The knee is proximal to the ankle because "proximal" refers to a body part that is closer to the point of attachment or origin. In this case, the knee is closer to the point of attachment or origin (the hip) compared to the ankle, which is further away from the hip. Therefore, the knee is considered proximal to the ankle.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The relationship between the heart and the lungs can be described as:
- A.
The heart is distal to the lungs
- B.
The heart is medial to the lungs
- C.
The heart is lateral to the lungs
- D.
Both a and c above
Correct Answer
B. The heart is medial to the lungsExplanation
The correct answer is "the heart is medial to the lungs". In anatomical terms, the word "medial" refers to a position closer to the midline of the body. Since the heart is located more towards the midline of the body compared to the lungs, it can be described as medial to the lungs.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The term most opposite proximal is:
- A.
Medial
- B.
Superior
- C.
Anterior
- D.
Distal
Correct Answer
D. DistalExplanation
The term "proximal" refers to a position that is closer to the center or point of attachment of a body part. The term "distal" is the opposite of proximal and refers to a position that is farther away from the center or point of attachment. Therefore, "distal" is the most opposite term to "proximal" in this context.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Because humans walk in an upright position, the two terms that can be used interchangeably are:
- A.
Posterior and ventral
- B.
Posterior and inferior
- C.
Posterior and superficial
- D.
Posterior and dorsal
Correct Answer
D. Posterior and dorsalExplanation
The term "posterior" refers to the back side of the body, while "dorsal" refers to the upper side or back. Since humans walk in an upright position, their back side is also their upper side, making "posterior" and "dorsal" interchangeable terms. Therefore, the correct answer is "posterior and dorsal."Rate this question:
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- 10.
The term most opposite medial is:
- A.
Dorsal
- B.
Lateral
- C.
Superficial
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. LateralExplanation
The term "medial" refers to the middle or central part of a structure. The term "lateral" refers to the side or outer part of a structure. These terms are opposite in meaning, as medial is closer to the center while lateral is closer to the side. Therefore, the term "lateral" is the most opposite to "medial" out of the given options.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The relationship between the skin and the muscles can be described as:
- A.
The skin is superficial to the muscle
- B.
The muscle is superficial to the skin
- C.
The muscle is deep to the skin
- D.
Both a and c above
Correct Answer
D. Both a and c aboveExplanation
Both options a and c are correct because they describe the relationship between the skin and the muscles in different ways. Option a states that the skin is superficial to the muscle, which means that the skin is located on the outer surface of the body, while the muscle is deeper inside. Option c states that the muscle is deep to the skin, which means that the muscle is located beneath the skin. Therefore, both options a and c provide accurate descriptions of the relationship between the skin and the muscles.Rate this question:
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- 12.
A cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is called a:
- A.
Sagittal section
- B.
Frontal section
- C.
Transverse section
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Frontal sectionExplanation
A cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions is called a frontal section. This type of section is made along a plane that divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions. It is perpendicular to the sagittal and transverse planes.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A cut dividing the body into upper and lower portions is called a:
- A.
Sagittal section
- B.
Frontal section
- C.
Transverse section
- D.
Coronal section
Correct Answer
C. Transverse sectionExplanation
A transverse section is a cut that divides the body into upper and lower portions. This type of section is perpendicular to the long axis of the body, creating a cross-sectional view. It is commonly used in medical imaging and dissection to examine structures and organs in a horizontal plane. The other options, such as sagittal section, frontal section, and coronal section, do not accurately describe a cut that divides the body into upper and lower portions.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A cut dividing the body into right and left portions is called a:
- A.
Sagittal section
- B.
Frontal section
- C.
Transverse section
- D.
Coronal section
Correct Answer
A. Sagittal sectionExplanation
A cut dividing the body into right and left portions is called a sagittal section. This is because a sagittal section runs along the sagittal plane, which is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left halves. In contrast, a frontal section divides the body into front and back portions, a transverse section divides the body into upper and lower portions, and a coronal section is another term for a frontal section.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The mediastinum is part of the:
- A.
Dorsal cavity
- B.
Ventral cavity
- C.
Abdominal cavity
- D.
Both b and c above
Correct Answer
B. Ventral cavityExplanation
The mediastinum is a part of the ventral cavity. The ventral cavity is located in the front of the body and is divided into two main sections: the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity. The mediastinum is a central compartment within the thoracic cavity, which contains various structures such as the heart, major blood vessels, esophagus, and trachea. Therefore, the correct answer is ventral cavity.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The 2 major cavities of the body are the:
- A.
Dorsal and ventral
- B.
Thoracic and abdominal
- C.
Pleural and mediastinum
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. Dorsal and ventralExplanation
The correct answer is dorsal and ventral. The body is divided into two major cavities: the dorsal cavity, which is located along the posterior side of the body and contains the cranial and spinal cavities, and the ventral cavity, which is located along the anterior side of the body and contains the thoracic and abdominal cavities. These two cavities are important for protecting and housing vital organs and systems within the body.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The lungs are located in the
- A.
Thoracic cavity
- B.
Mediastinum
- C.
Dorsal cavity
- D.
Both b and c above
Correct Answer
A. Thoracic cavityExplanation
The correct answer is thoracic cavity. The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity, which is the space within the chest that is surrounded by the ribcage. The thoracic cavity also contains other vital organs such as the heart, esophagus, and major blood vessels.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The word supine describes:
- A.
The body lying face downward
- B.
An anatomical direction
- C.
The reference position of the body
- D.
The body lying face upward
Correct Answer
D. The body lying face upwardExplanation
The word "supine" is used to describe the position of the body when it is lying face upward. It is an anatomical term that refers to the reference position of the body.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is not a subatomic particle that makes up the atom?
- A.
Ion
- B.
Proton
- C.
Neutron
- D.
Electron
Correct Answer
A. IonExplanation
An ion is not a subatomic particle that makes up the atom. Ions are charged particles that are formed when an atom gains or loses electrons. They can be positively charged (cation) or negatively charged (anion), but they are not considered as fundamental particles that compose the atom itself. Protons, neutrons, and electrons are the subatomic particles that make up the atom. Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have no charge, and electrons have a negative charge.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of:
- A.
Electrons
- B.
Neutrons
- C.
Protons
- D.
Both b and c above
Correct Answer
C. ProtonsExplanation
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons. This is because the atomic number represents the unique identity of an element, and the number of protons determines the element's identity. Electrons can vary in number and are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus, while neutrons contribute to the mass of the atom but do not affect its identity.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The atomic mass of an atom is equal to the number of:
- A.
Electrons
- B.
Neutrons
- C.
Protons
- D.
Both b and c above
Correct Answer
D. Both b and c aboveExplanation
The atomic mass of an atom is equal to the combined mass of its protons and neutrons. Electrons have negligible mass compared to protons and neutrons, so they do not significantly contribute to the atomic mass. Therefore, the correct answer is "both b and c above," indicating that the atomic mass is equal to the number of neutrons and protons in an atom.Rate this question:
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- 22.
This subatomic particle is found in the nucleus of the atom.
- A.
Electron
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Proton
- D.
Both b and c above
Correct Answer
D. Both b and c aboveExplanation
Both the neutron and the proton are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The neutron has no charge, while the proton has a positive charge. Therefore, the correct answer is both b and c above, as both the neutron and the proton are present in the nucleus of an atom.Rate this question:
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- 23.
This subatomic particle is found in orbitals around the nucleus of the atom.
- A.
Electron
- B.
Neutron
- C.
Proton
- D.
Both b and c above
Correct Answer
A. ElectronExplanation
Electrons are subatomic particles that are found in orbitals around the nucleus of an atom. They have a negative charge and are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms. Neutrons and protons are also found in the nucleus of an atom, but they do not exist in orbitals like electrons do. Therefore, the correct answer is electron.Rate this question:
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- 24.
This is not a characteristic of a proton:
- A.
Contributes to the atom's atomic number
- B.
Contributes to the atom's atomic mass
- C.
Is located in the nucleus of the atom
- D.
Carries a negative electrical charge
Correct Answer
D. Carries a negative electrical chargeExplanation
A proton is a subatomic particle that carries a positive electrical charge. It is located in the nucleus of an atom and contributes to the atom's atomic number and atomic mass. However, it does not carry a negative electrical charge.Rate this question:
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- 25.
This is not a characteristic of a neutron:
- A.
Contributes to the atom's atomic number
- B.
Contributes to the atom's atomic mass
- C.
Is located in the nucleus of the atom
- D.
Has no electrical charge
Correct Answer
A. Contributes to the atom's atomic numberExplanation
Neutrons do not contribute to an atom's atomic number because atomic number is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus. Neutrons, on the other hand, contribute to the atom's atomic mass because they have mass but no electrical charge. Neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom along with protons.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A particular atom has 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons. The atomic number of this atom is:
- A.
49
- B.
32
- C.
33
- D.
16
Correct Answer
D. 16Explanation
The atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of protons it has. In this case, the atom has 16 protons, so the atomic number is 16.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A particular atom has 16 protons, 17 neutrons, and 16 electrons. The atomic mass of this atom is:
- A.
49
- B.
32
- C.
33
- D.
16
Correct Answer
C. 33Explanation
The atomic mass of an atom is determined by the sum of its protons and neutrons. In this case, the atom has 16 protons and 17 neutrons, resulting in a total of 33. Therefore, the atomic mass of this atom is 33.Rate this question:
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- 28.
This is not a characteristic of an electron:
- A.
Is in an orbital around the nucleus of the atom
- B.
Has a negative electrical charge
- C.
Contributes to the atom's atomic number
- D.
All of the above are characteristics of an electron
Correct Answer
C. Contributes to the atom's atomic numberExplanation
An electron contributes to the atom's atomic number because the atomic number of an atom is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus, and electrons balance out the positive charge of the protons. Therefore, the number of electrons in an atom directly affects its atomic number.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The second energy level of an atom:
- A.
Has four orbitals
- B.
Can hold eight electrons
- C.
Is a lower energy level then the first energy level
- D.
Both a and b above
Correct Answer
D. Both a and b aboveExplanation
The second energy level of an atom has four orbitals, which means it can accommodate a maximum of eight electrons. This is because each orbital can hold a maximum of two electrons. Additionally, the second energy level is actually a higher energy level than the first energy level, so the correct answer is "both a and b above".Rate this question:
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- 30.
Compounds are:
- A.
Pure substances
- B.
Made up of only one type of atom
- C.
Made up of two or more different types of atoms
- D.
Both a and b above
Correct Answer
C. Made up of two or more different types of atomsExplanation
Compounds are made up of two or more different types of atoms. This is because compounds are formed when atoms of different elements chemically combine together. These atoms bond together in specific ratios to form a new substance with different properties than the individual elements. Therefore, compounds consist of two or more different types of atoms.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The formula for oxygen gas is O2; this means it is:
- A.
Made up of two atoms of oxygen
- B.
A molecule
- C.
A compound
- D.
Both a and b above
Correct Answer
D. Both a and b aboveExplanation
The formula for oxygen gas, O2, indicates that it is made up of two atoms of oxygen. This implies that it is a molecule, as molecules are formed when two or more atoms chemically bond together. Therefore, the correct answer is both a and b above, as oxygen gas is both made up of two atoms of oxygen and is a molecule.Rate this question:
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- 32.
If an atom had 20 protons and 18 electrons it would:
- A.
Have a negative 2 charge
- B.
Have a plus 2 charge
- C.
Be attracted to a positively charged ion
- D.
Both a and c above
Correct Answer
B. Have a plus 2 chargeExplanation
If an atom has 20 protons and 18 electrons, it means that there are more protons than electrons. Since protons have a positive charge and electrons have a negative charge, the atom will have an overall positive charge. The difference between the number of protons and electrons is 2, so the atom will have a plus 2 charge.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Ionic bonds:
- A.
Usually dissolve easily in water
- B.
Produced ions when dissolved in water
- C.
Are formed by atoms of opposite charge
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Ionic bonds are formed between atoms of opposite charge, resulting in the production of ions. These ions are able to dissolve easily in water due to the polar nature of water molecules. Therefore, all of the given options are correct explanations for ionic bonds.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Covalent bonds:
- A.
Dissociate in water
- B.
Are formed when electrons are shared between atoms
- C.
Are formed by atoms of opposite charge
- D.
Both a and c above
Correct Answer
B. Are formed when electrons are shared between atomsExplanation
Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are shared between atoms. In a covalent bond, two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons, resulting in a stable arrangement of electrons for both atoms. This sharing of electrons allows the atoms to achieve a full outer electron shell, similar to the noble gases. Covalent bonds are typically found between nonmetal atoms and are strong and stable. They do not dissociate in water, as they are not ionic bonds that involve the complete transfer of electrons between atoms. The statement "both a and c above" is incorrect because covalent bonds do not involve atoms of opposite charge.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Organic compounds must contain:
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Carbon-oxygen bonds
- C.
Hydrogen-oxygen bonds
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
D. None of the aboveExplanation
Organic compounds must contain carbon atoms. Oxygen, carbon-oxygen bonds, and hydrogen-oxygen bonds are not exclusive requirements for organic compounds. While many organic compounds do contain oxygen and/or carbon-oxygen or hydrogen-oxygen bonds, it is not necessary for all organic compounds to have these elements or bonds. Therefore, the correct answer is "none of the above."Rate this question:
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- 36.
The plasma membrane of a cell is composed of:
- A.
Phospholipid molecules
- B.
Cholesterol molecules
- C.
Protein molecules
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The plasma membrane of a cell is composed of phospholipid molecules, cholesterol molecules, and protein molecules. Phospholipids make up the majority of the membrane structure and form a lipid bilayer, providing a barrier that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. Cholesterol molecules are interspersed within the phospholipids, contributing to the fluidity and stability of the membrane. Proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer and have various functions, including transport of molecules, cell signaling, and structural support. Therefore, all of these components are essential for the structure and function of the plasma membrane.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The molecules in the plasma membrane that serve as receptors for other molecules are the:
- A.
Phopholipid molecules
- B.
Cholesterol molecules
- C.
Protein molecules
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Protein moleculesExplanation
The plasma membrane contains protein molecules that serve as receptors for other molecules. These receptors play a crucial role in cell signaling and communication by binding to specific molecules and initiating a cellular response. Phospholipid molecules and cholesterol molecules are also components of the plasma membrane, but they do not serve as receptors for other molecules. Therefore, the correct answer is protein molecules.Rate this question:
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- 38.
An important function of the cell membrane is:
- A.
The production of energy
- B.
Aiding in protein formation
- C.
Acting as an "identification tag" for the cell
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. Acting as an "identification tag" for the cellExplanation
The cell membrane acts as an "identification tag" for the cell by containing specific molecules, such as proteins and carbohydrates, that can be recognized by other cells and molecules in the body. This allows for cell recognition and communication, as well as the ability to distinguish between self and non-self cells. The cell membrane also plays a role in cell signaling and transport of molecules in and out of the cell.Rate this question:
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- 39.
The molecules that stabilize the cell membrane and prevent it from breaking easily are the:
- A.
Phospholipid molecules
- B.
Cholesterol molecules
- C.
Protein molecules
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Cholesterol moleculesExplanation
Cholesterol molecules stabilize the cell membrane and prevent it from breaking easily. Cholesterol is a lipid molecule that is interspersed between the phospholipids in the cell membrane. It helps to maintain the fluidity and flexibility of the membrane, making it less prone to rupture. Additionally, cholesterol molecules also play a role in regulating the permeability of the cell membrane, ensuring that only certain molecules can pass through. Therefore, all of the above options, including phospholipid molecules and protein molecules, contribute to stabilizing the cell membrane, but cholesterol molecules specifically play a crucial role in this process.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The organelles that are the "protein factories" for the cell are the:
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Golgi apparatus
- D.
Centrioles
Correct Answer
A. RibosomesExplanation
Ribosomes are the organelles responsible for protein synthesis in the cell. They are composed of RNA and proteins and are found either floating freely in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes read the genetic information in the form of messenger RNA (mRNA) and use it to assemble amino acids into proteins through a process called translation. Therefore, ribosomes are considered the "protein factories" of the cell. Mitochondria are responsible for energy production, Golgi apparatus for protein modification and packaging, and centrioles for cell division, so they are not the primary organelles involved in protein synthesis.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The organelles that are the "power plants" of the cell are the:
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Golgi apparatus
- D.
Centrioles
Correct Answer
B. MitochondriaExplanation
Mitochondria are known as the "power plants" of the cell because they are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They have their own DNA and can replicate independently within the cell. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure, with the inner membrane containing proteins that are involved in the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis. This process generates the majority of the cell's energy, making mitochondria essential for cell survival and functioning. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, the Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying and packaging proteins, and centrioles are involved in cell division.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The organelles that are the "digestive bags" of the cell are the:
- A.
Flagella
- B.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- C.
Golgi apparatus
- D.
Lysosomes
Correct Answer
D. LysosomesExplanation
Lysosomes are the organelles that act as the "digestive bags" of the cell. They contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances. This process, known as autophagy, helps in recycling and eliminating unwanted components within the cell. Lysosomes also play a crucial role in the digestion of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. They are responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis and are essential for overall cell function and health.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The organelles that consist of a network of canals that wind through the cytoplasm are the:
- A.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Flagella
- C.
Golgi apparatus
- D.
Lysosomes
Correct Answer
A. Endoplasmic reticulumExplanation
The endoplasmic reticulum is the correct answer because it consists of a network of canals that wind through the cytoplasm. These canals, also known as cisternae, are interconnected and form a complex network throughout the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including protein synthesis, lipid metabolism, and calcium storage. It is involved in the transport of molecules within the cell and provides a large surface area for chemical reactions to occur.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The organelles that are flattened sacs that chemically process molecules are the:
- A.
Endoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Flagella
- C.
Golgi apparatus
- D.
Lysosome
Correct Answer
C. Golgi apparatusExplanation
The Golgi apparatus is responsible for chemically processing molecules in the cell. It consists of flattened sacs called cisternae, which function to modify, package, and sort proteins and lipids that are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum. These processed molecules are then transported to their final destinations within the cell or outside of it. The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in cellular secretion and intracellular transport, making it the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The organelles that are rod-shaped structures made of fine tubes and are important in cell division are the:
- A.
Ribosomes
- B.
Mitochondria
- C.
Golgi apparatus
- D.
Centrioles
Correct Answer
D. CentriolesExplanation
Centrioles are the correct answer because they are rod-shaped structures made of fine tubes and are indeed important in cell division. Centrioles play a crucial role in organizing the microtubules that form the spindle fibers during cell division, ensuring proper separation of chromosomes. They are found in pairs near the nucleus of animal cells and are absent in most plant cells.Rate this question:
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- 46.
The structure in the cell that controls most of the activities of the cell is the:
- A.
Cilia
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Nucleolus
- D.
Ribosome
Correct Answer
B. NucleusExplanation
The nucleus is the correct answer because it is the structure in the cell that controls most of the activities. It contains the cell's DNA, which carries the genetic information and instructions for the cell's functions. The nucleus also regulates gene expression and controls the synthesis of proteins. Additionally, it acts as the command center of the cell, coordinating various cellular processes and maintaining the cell's overall integrity.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Small, hairlike structures on the exposed side of some cells are call the:
- A.
Cilia
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Nucleolus
- D.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer
A. CiliaExplanation
Cilia are small, hairlike structures found on the exposed side of some cells. They are responsible for various functions such as movement, sensory perception, and the clearance of mucus and debris. Cilia play a crucial role in the respiratory system, reproductive system, and the lining of the fallopian tubes. They are distinct from the nucleus, nucleolus, and endoplasmic reticulum, which have different functions within the cell.Rate this question:
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- 48.
A system is best defined as:
- A.
A group of different types of cells working together to perform a function
- B.
A group of different tissues working together to perform a function
- C.
A group of organs working together to perform a function
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
C. A group of organs working together to perform a functionExplanation
The correct answer is a group of organs working together to perform a function. A system is a collection of organs that interact and collaborate to carry out specific functions in the body. Each organ within the system has its own unique function, but they work together to achieve a common goal. This organization allows for the efficient coordination and integration of various bodily processes, ensuring the overall functioning and well-being of the organism.Rate this question:
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- 49.
The integumentary system of the body includes:
- A.
The skin
- B.
Hair
- C.
Specialized sense organs
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
The integumentary system of the body includes the skin, hair, and specialized sense organs. The skin is the largest organ of the body and serves as a protective barrier against external factors. Hair is a filamentous structure that grows from follicles found in the skin and serves various functions such as insulation and sensory perception. Specialized sense organs in the integumentary system include receptors for touch, temperature, and pain. Therefore, all of the above options are correct as they are all components of the integumentary system.Rate this question:
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- 50.
The primary function of the integumentary system is:
- A.
As a sense receptor
- B.
Protection of underlying structures
- C.
Body temperature regulation
- D.
Manufacture of vitamin D
Correct Answer
B. Protection of underlying structuresExplanation
The primary function of the integumentary system is to protect the underlying structures of the body. This includes protecting the internal organs, muscles, and bones from external factors such as physical trauma, pathogens, and harmful substances. The skin acts as a barrier, preventing these external elements from entering the body and causing damage. Additionally, the integumentary system also helps in maintaining homeostasis by regulating body temperature through processes like sweating and shivering. It also plays a role in the synthesis of vitamin D, which is important for calcium absorption and bone health.Rate this question:
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Mar 05, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Dec 06, 2014Quiz Created by
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