Kansas Water Treatment Study Guide Class 2 Quiz
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If a valve in a pipeline is closed too rapidly it will cause the water in that pipeline to come to a sudden stop, causing waves of high pressure that oscillate back and forth in the pipeline. This reaction is commonly known as
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Hydraulic gradient
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Pipeline dynamics
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Static oscillation
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Water hammer
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Kansas water treatment study guide contains detailed information on the modes and processes involved in the treatment of water in Kansas city. To well understand how the whole treatment works, take the quiz below. All the best.
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- 2.
Hydrogen sulfide in well water will cause the water to have an odor similar to
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Ammonia.
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Chlorine gas.
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rotten eggs.
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fish eggs.
Correct Answer
A. rotten eggs.Explanation
Hydrogen sulfide is a gas that is often present in well water and has a distinct odor similar to rotten eggs. This odor is caused by the breakdown of organic matter in the water, which releases hydrogen sulfide gas. The presence of this gas can be a sign of bacterial activity or other issues with the well water. Therefore, if well water smells like rotten eggs, it is likely due to the presence of hydrogen sulfide.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The term aeration is defined as bringing water into intimate contact with
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air
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carbon dioxide
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hydrogen sulfide
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methane
Correct Answer
A. airExplanation
Aeration is the process of bringing water into intimate contact with air. This is done to increase the oxygen levels in the water, which is essential for the survival of aquatic organisms. Aeration helps in maintaining a healthy ecosystem in lakes, ponds, and aquariums by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and preventing the buildup of harmful gases. It also helps in improving water quality and reducing odors. Therefore, the correct answer is air.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Pathogens are best described as
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an acute case of indigestion
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An indicator test for viruses
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Cancer-producing agents.
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disease-causing organisms
Correct Answer
A. disease-causing organismsExplanation
Pathogens are best described as disease-causing organisms. Pathogens are microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can cause diseases in their host organisms. They invade the body and multiply, leading to various symptoms and health issues. Pathogens can be transmitted through various means, such as direct contact, contaminated food or water, or through the air. Understanding pathogens and their mechanisms of infection is crucial in preventing and treating diseases.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The chemical symbol for potassium is
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Al
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Ba
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K
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Po.
Correct Answer
A. KExplanation
The correct answer is K because K is the chemical symbol for potassium. Chemical symbols are used to represent elements in the periodic table, and K specifically represents the element potassium.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Eight boxes of packing (for pumps) were delivered, and the invoice showed $15.93 each. What is the total cost of packing?
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$106.34
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$109.31
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$111.51
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$127.44
Correct Answer
A. $127.44Explanation
The total cost of packing can be calculated by multiplying the number of boxes (8) by the cost per box ($15.93). Therefore, the total cost of packing is $127.44.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Optimum coagulant dosage can be established by
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Observing the pilot filter
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performing jar tests
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Performing total solids tests.
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the breakpoint of chlorination
Correct Answer
A. performing jar testsExplanation
Performing jar tests is the correct answer because it is a common method used to determine the optimum coagulant dosage in water treatment. Jar tests involve adding different dosages of coagulant to small-scale samples of water and observing the resulting floc formation and settling. By comparing the effectiveness of different dosages, the optimal coagulant dosage can be determined, ensuring efficient and effective water treatment. This method allows for adjustments to be made based on the specific water quality and coagulant requirements, leading to improved treatment processes and water quality.Rate this question:
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- 8.
From a sanitary standpoint, the pressure in a distribution system should not be allowed to fall to zero because
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. the chlorine residual will escape
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low pressure allows bacteria to multiply
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groundwater may enter and backsiphonage may occur
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None of the above.
Correct Answer
A. groundwater may enter and backsiphonage may occurExplanation
If the pressure in a distribution system falls to zero, it creates the risk of groundwater entering the system and causing backsiphonage. Backsiphonage occurs when the pressure in the system drops, causing a reverse flow of water and potentially contaminating the water supply with harmful substances. Therefore, it is important to maintain pressure in the distribution system to prevent this from happening.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which one of the following is a hazard when using hydrofluosilicic acid?
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Corrosiveness
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Explosiveness
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flammability
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None of the above
Correct Answer
A. CorrosivenessExplanation
Hydrofluosilicic acid is known to be corrosive, meaning it has the ability to cause damage or destruction to materials it comes into contact with. It can cause burns, irritation, and damage to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Therefore, the correct answer is corrosiveness.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Static suction head plus friction suction head plus static discharge head plus friction discharge head makes up the ___________ of a pump.
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operating pressure
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pump curve
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total dynamic head
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Velocity head
Correct Answer
A. total dynamic headExplanation
The total dynamic head of a pump is made up of the static suction head, friction suction head, static discharge head, and friction discharge head. This means that all these factors contribute to the overall pressure that the pump needs to overcome in order to operate effectively. The total dynamic head is an important parameter in pump selection and design as it helps determine the pump's ability to deliver the required flow rate at a given pressure.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Your pump broke down, your storage tank contained 1 mil gal, and water was being withdrawn at a rate of 0.5 mgd, how long woud it take for the tank to empty?
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1 day
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2 days
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3 days
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4 days
Correct Answer
A. 2 daysExplanation
If the storage tank contains 1 million gallons of water and water is being withdrawn at a rate of 0.5 million gallons per day, it would take 2 days for the tank to empty completely. This can be calculated by dividing the total amount of water in the tank (1 million gallons) by the rate at which water is being withdrawn (0.5 million gallons per day).Rate this question:
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- 12.
A Venturi tube increases the velocity and decreases the pressure as water flows through it. This type of tube is used to
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Aerate the water
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measure the amount of chlorine in the water.
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measure the amount of suspended solids in the water
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measure the rate of water flowing through it.
Correct Answer
A. measure the rate of water flowing through it.Explanation
A Venturi tube is a device that has a narrowing in the middle, which causes the water to accelerate as it passes through. According to Bernoulli's principle, as the velocity of a fluid increases, the pressure decreases. Therefore, as water flows through a Venturi tube, its velocity increases and the pressure decreases. This principle is used to measure the rate of water flowing through the tube because the change in pressure can be correlated to the flow rate.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Recent studies on prechlorination practices point out that the interaction of chlorine with organic matter in raw water forms
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Carcinogens.
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lysergic acid
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other odor-related compounds
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trihalomethanes
Correct Answer
A. trihalomethanesExplanation
Recent studies have shown that when chlorine interacts with organic matter in raw water, it forms trihalomethanes. Trihalomethanes are known to be carcinogenic, meaning they have the potential to cause cancer. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the formation of trihalomethanes during prechlorination practices in order to mitigate any potential health risks associated with their presence in water.Rate this question:
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- 14.
One of the most common causes of errors in water quality analysis is
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Contaminated reagents.
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. improper sampling
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poor laboratory equipment
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poorly trained analysts
Correct Answer
A. . improper samplingExplanation
Improper sampling can lead to errors in water quality analysis. When samples are not collected correctly, they may not accurately represent the true water quality. Factors such as the location, depth, and timing of sample collection can all impact the results. Improper sampling techniques can introduce contaminants or alter the composition of the sample, leading to inaccurate analysis. Therefore, it is crucial to follow proper sampling protocols to ensure reliable and valid water quality analysis.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The outlet of a forced ventilation system for a chlorinator room should be located
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Above the window.
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Near the floor
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On the roof.
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6 ft above the floor
Correct Answer
A. Near the floorExplanation
In a chlorinator room, it is important to have a forced ventilation system to remove any potentially harmful gases or fumes. The outlet of this system should be located near the floor. This is because chlorine gas is denser than air and tends to settle at lower levels. By placing the outlet near the floor, the ventilation system can effectively remove the chlorine gas and ensure the safety of the room.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The condition in infants known as methamoglobinemia is thought to be caused mainly by high concentrations of
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phosphate
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nitrate
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fluoride
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chloride
Correct Answer
A. nitrateExplanation
Methemoglobinemia is a condition in infants where there is an abnormal increase in the amount of methemoglobin in the blood. Methemoglobin is a form of hemoglobin that is unable to carry oxygen effectively. High concentrations of nitrate have been identified as one of the main causes of methemoglobinemia in infants. Nitrate can be found in contaminated water, formula, or vegetables, and when ingested, it can convert hemoglobin into methemoglobin. This reduces the blood's ability to transport oxygen, leading to symptoms like blue skin coloration and difficulty breathing.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Vertical turbine pumps that are used in wells may be oil lubricated or water lubricated. Operators should use extreme care not to start any water-lubricated pump before making sure that the
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. bearings are dry
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bearings are wet.
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Valve on the discharge side is closed.
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valve on the suction side is closed
Correct Answer
A. bearings are wet.Explanation
The correct answer is "bearings are wet." This is because water-lubricated vertical turbine pumps require the bearings to be wet in order to operate properly. If the bearings are dry, it could cause damage to the pump and affect its performance. Therefore, it is important for operators to ensure that the bearings are wet before starting a water-lubricated pump.Rate this question:
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- 18.
A calm area within a settling basin necessary for suspended materials to settle is the _______ zone.
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inlet
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outlet
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settling
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sludge
Correct Answer
A. settlingExplanation
In a settling basin, suspended materials need a calm area to settle. This calm area is called the settling zone.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The free chlorine residual in water is measured as the amount of
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chloride in water
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Chlorine applied as measured in milligrams per litre.
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chlorine in raw water as comes from the stream, reservoir, or well.
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Uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react.
Correct Answer
A. Uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react.Explanation
The free chlorine residual in water is measured as the amount of uncombined chlorine that remains in the water after the chlorine has been applied and allowed to react. This means that it is the chlorine that has not reacted with any other substances in the water and is still available to disinfect and kill bacteria and other microorganisms. This measurement is important to ensure that there is enough chlorine present in the water to effectively treat it and make it safe for consumption.Rate this question:
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- 20.
How are valves checked to determine that they are holding properly?
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By compressed air
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by electrostatic test
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by a pressure test
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by a torque wrench
Correct Answer
A. by a pressure testExplanation
Valves are checked to determine if they are holding properly by conducting a pressure test. This involves applying a specific amount of pressure to the valve and checking for any leaks or failures. This test helps ensure that the valve is functioning correctly and can effectively hold the desired pressure without any issues.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Centrifugal pump noises will most likely be due to
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Cavitation
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Excessive head pressure
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high velocity
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sand
Correct Answer
A. CavitationExplanation
Cavitation is the most likely cause of noises in a centrifugal pump. Cavitation occurs when the pressure of the liquid being pumped drops below its vapor pressure, causing the formation and collapse of vapor bubbles. These collapsing bubbles create shockwaves and vibrations, leading to noise in the pump. Excessive head pressure, high velocity, and sand can also cause issues in a centrifugal pump, but cavitation is specifically known for causing noise.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Which one of the following types of pumps works on the basis of inertia or mass moving in a circular motion?
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air lift
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centrifugal
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diaphragm
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gear
Correct Answer
A. centrifugalExplanation
Centrifugal pumps work on the basis of inertia or mass moving in a circular motion. These pumps use a rotating impeller to create centrifugal force, which pushes the fluid towards the outer edges of the impeller and then into the pump casing. From there, the fluid is discharged through the pump outlet. This type of pump is commonly used in industries for transferring fluids with high flow rates and low to medium pressures.Rate this question:
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- 23.
When a centrifugal pump with new packing is started and the packing seems to leak air, the proper procedure is to
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stop the motor and repack the stuffing box.
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put in some heavy oil and then gradually tighten the gland
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Put in more packing
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ignore the condition.
Correct Answer
A. stop the motor and repack the stuffing box.Explanation
When a centrifugal pump with new packing is started and the packing seems to leak air, the proper procedure is to stop the motor and repack the stuffing box. This is because if the packing is leaking air, it means that it is not properly sealed, which can lead to loss of efficiency and potential damage to the pump. By stopping the motor and repacking the stuffing box, the packing can be replaced or adjusted to ensure a proper seal and prevent any further leakage.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A chemical commonly used for coagulation in water treatment is
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Alum.
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chlorine
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Copper sulfate
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Soda ash.
Correct Answer
A. Alum.Explanation
Alum is commonly used for coagulation in water treatment because it helps to remove impurities and suspended particles from the water. It works by forming larger, heavier particles that can be easily removed through filtration or sedimentation. Chlorine is typically used for disinfection rather than coagulation. Copper sulfate is used for algae control in water bodies, and soda ash is used for pH adjustment. Therefore, alum is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Bacterial pollution moving underground in shattered limestone
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Will be removed in 10 ft.
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will be removed in 100 ft.
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will be removed in less than 1 mi
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may never be removed.
Correct Answer
A. may never be removed.Explanation
The given statement suggests that bacterial pollution is moving underground in shattered limestone. The options provided indicate the distance at which the pollution will be removed. However, the correct answer "may never be removed" implies that the bacterial pollution may not be completely eliminated or cleansed from the underground environment. This suggests that the shattered limestone may not have the capacity to naturally filter or remove the pollution, and it may persist indefinitely.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Destruction of harmful bacteria by chlorine is directly related to
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contact time and chlorine concentration
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efficient chlorine dosage levels.
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Whether or not breakpoint chlorination is practiced
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whether pre-chlorination is practiced
Correct Answer
A. contact time and chlorine concentrationExplanation
The destruction of harmful bacteria by chlorine is directly related to the contact time and chlorine concentration. This means that the longer the contact time between chlorine and bacteria, and the higher the concentration of chlorine, the more effective it will be in killing the harmful bacteria. Efficient chlorine dosage levels are also important in ensuring that enough chlorine is present to effectively destroy the bacteria. Breakpoint chlorination and pre-chlorination are not directly related to the destruction of bacteria by chlorine.Rate this question:
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- 27.
What type of treatment should be given when a well produces red water?
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fluoride removal
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taste and odor control
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sedimentation
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pH adjustment, aeration, and filtration
Correct Answer
A. pH adjustment, aeration, and filtrationExplanation
When a well produces red water, it is an indication of high iron content. pH adjustment, aeration, and filtration are the appropriate treatments in this case. pH adjustment helps to increase the pH level, which can reduce the solubility of iron and promote its precipitation. Aeration facilitates the oxidation of iron, converting it from a soluble form to a solid form that can be easily filtered. Filtration is then used to remove the precipitated iron particles from the water, resulting in clear and iron-free water.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The chemical that is most commonly added to reservoirs for the control of algae is
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aluminum sulfate
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calcium hypochlorite
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copper sulfate
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Sodium chloride.
Correct Answer
A. copper sulfateExplanation
Copper sulfate is commonly added to reservoirs for the control of algae. Copper ions in copper sulfate act as a biocide, inhibiting the growth of algae by disrupting their cellular processes. It is an effective and widely used treatment for controlling algae blooms in water bodies. Aluminum sulfate is also sometimes used for this purpose, but copper sulfate is more commonly used due to its effectiveness in controlling algae growth. Calcium hypochlorite is a disinfectant and sodium chloride is a common salt, neither of which are specifically used for controlling algae in reservoirs.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Corrosive waters can be the result of the presence of
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Acids
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calcium.
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magnesium.
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organic material.
Correct Answer
A. AcidsExplanation
Corrosive waters can be the result of the presence of acids. Acids have the ability to react with metals and other materials, causing them to corrode or deteriorate. When acids are present in water, they can lower the pH level, making the water more acidic. This increased acidity can lead to corrosion of pipes, fixtures, and other metal surfaces that come into contact with the water. Therefore, the presence of acids in water can contribute to the corrosiveness of the water.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Bluestone is a
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common name for copper sulfate.
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mineral in water that causes blue stains
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mineral not dissolvable in water
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stone for sharpening chisels
Correct Answer
A. common name for copper sulfate.Explanation
Bluestone is a common name for copper sulfate. This means that when people refer to bluestone, they are actually talking about copper sulfate. It is important to note that bluestone is not a mineral in water that causes blue stains, a mineral not dissolvable in water, or a stone for sharpening chisels. The correct answer is that bluestone is a common name for copper sulfate.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The chlorine room should be constructed so it can be entered only from the
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Inside of the building.
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laboratory.
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outside and inside of the building.
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outside of the building.
Correct Answer
A. outside of the building.Explanation
The chlorine room should be constructed so it can be entered only from the outside of the building. This is because chlorine is a highly reactive and toxic substance that can pose significant risks if mishandled or released. By having the room accessible only from the outside, it ensures that any potential accidents or leaks can be contained and controlled without endangering the occupants inside the building. Additionally, it allows for easier ventilation and evacuation in case of emergencies.Rate this question:
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- 32.
A centrifugal-type pump should never be run empty except momentarily because
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A serious counterpressure would be built up by excessive vacuum
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It is useless to run a pump without getting water
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The excessive end thrust of the shaft would damage the thrust bearing.
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the parts lubricated by water would be damaged
Correct Answer
A. the parts lubricated by water would be damagedExplanation
Running a centrifugal-type pump empty means running it without any water or fluid. These pumps rely on the fluid being pumped to provide lubrication to various parts, such as the bearings and seals. Without the presence of the fluid, these parts would not receive the necessary lubrication and would be subject to damage due to friction and heat. Therefore, running a centrifugal-type pump empty can result in damage to the parts that are normally lubricated by the water or fluid being pumped.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Water leaking to the surface after operating an old valve probably is caused by
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a broken stem.
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dried out packing.
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Plugged weep holes
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none of the above
Correct Answer
A. dried out packing.Explanation
Water leaking to the surface after operating an old valve is likely caused by dried out packing. Packing is used to create a seal between the valve stem and the valve body, preventing water from leaking. Over time, the packing can dry out and lose its ability to create a proper seal, resulting in water leakage. This is a common issue with old valves and can be resolved by replacing the packing material.Rate this question:
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- 34.
A water treatment plant used 647 chlorine cylinders during one year's operation.The average withdrawal from each cylinder was 138 lb. What was the total number of pounds of chlorine used?
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89,875 lb
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89,286 lb
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70,872 lb
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69,876 lb
Correct Answer
A. 89,286 lbExplanation
The total number of pounds of chlorine used can be calculated by multiplying the number of cylinders used (647) by the average withdrawal from each cylinder (138 lb). Therefore, the total number of pounds of chlorine used is 647 * 138 = 89,286 lb.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The chemical formula for calcium carbonate is
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CaCO3
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CuSO4
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NACI.
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NaCO.
Correct Answer
A. CaCO3Explanation
The correct answer is CaCO3 because calcium carbonate is composed of one calcium atom (Ca) bonded to one carbon atom (C) and three oxygen atoms (O). The chemical formula represents the ratio of atoms in a compound, and CaCO3 accurately represents the composition of calcium carbonate. CuSO4, NACI, and NaCO are incorrect options as they represent different compounds with different compositions.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The purpose of the jar test is to determine the
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amount of chlorine to add for breakpoint chlorination.
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correct amount of coagulant to use for proper coagulation
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length of the flash mix.
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proper amount of mixing and settling time to remove turbidity
Correct Answer
A. correct amount of coagulant to use for proper coagulationExplanation
The purpose of the jar test is to determine the correct amount of coagulant to use for proper coagulation. Coagulation is an important step in water treatment where chemicals are added to destabilize and clump together particles in the water. The jar test involves adding varying amounts of coagulant to water samples and observing the resulting floc formation. By finding the correct amount of coagulant needed to achieve optimal floc formation, water treatment plants can ensure efficient removal of suspended particles and improve water quality.Rate this question:
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- 37.
A tank holding 2340 gal fills in 12 min. The rate of flow is ______ gpm
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195
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234
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284
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382
Correct Answer
A. 195Explanation
The rate of flow can be calculated by dividing the volume of the tank (2340 gallons) by the time taken to fill it (12 minutes). The calculation would be 2340/12 = 195 gallons per minute (gpm).Rate this question:
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- 38.
A new water treatment facility for a small town is estimated to cost $1,493,472. What is the average cost per person if 1986 people live in the town?
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$5720
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$2750
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$752
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$572
Correct Answer
A. $752Explanation
The average cost per person can be calculated by dividing the total cost of the water treatment facility by the number of people in the town. In this case, the total cost is $1,493,472 and the number of people is 1986. Dividing these two numbers gives us an average cost per person of $752.Rate this question:
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- 39.
1. The operating budget for the year was $94,571. At the end of 10 months $17,863 remained. How much had been expended?
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$67,708
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$67,807
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$76,708
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$87,706
Correct Answer
A. $76,708Explanation
At the end of 10 months, $17,863 remained from the operating budget of $94,571. To find out how much had been expended, we subtract the remaining amount from the total budget. Therefore, $94,571 - $17,863 = $76,708.Rate this question:
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- 40.
The least head loss in a pipeline would be caused by a fully open
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angle valve
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Check valve
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gate valve.
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globe valve
Correct Answer
A. gate valve.Explanation
A gate valve would cause the least head loss in a pipeline when fully open because it has a straight-through design that allows for a smooth flow of fluid without any obstructions. The gate valve operates by lifting a gate or disc out of the path of the fluid, creating a straight and unobstructed passage. This design minimizes turbulence and pressure drop, resulting in the least amount of head loss compared to other types of valves such as angle valves, check valves, and globe valves which may have more restrictive flow paths or internal components that can cause additional resistance to flow.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The chemical formula for copper sulfate is
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CaCO.
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CaCO3
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CuSO4 .5H2O
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H2SO4
Correct Answer
A. CuSO4 .5H2OExplanation
The correct answer is CuSO4 .5H2O because copper sulfate is represented by the chemical formula CuSO4, and the addition of .5H2O indicates that there are 5 water molecules associated with each molecule of CuSO4. This is known as a hydrated form of copper sulfate.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The most hazardous condition associated with storage areas, slurry tanks, or other confined spaces where wet activated carbon is present is
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Combustion.
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Depletion of oxygen
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Fire.
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oxidation
Correct Answer
A. Depletion of oxygenExplanation
The most hazardous condition associated with storage areas, slurry tanks, or other confined spaces where wet activated carbon is present is the depletion of oxygen. This is because wet activated carbon can release gases that displace oxygen, leading to a lack of oxygen in the confined space. This can be extremely dangerous for anyone working in the area as it can cause asphyxiation and lead to serious health risks or even death.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The disinfection process kills
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all bacteria
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only protozoans.
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pathogenic bacteria.
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All algae
Correct Answer
A. pathogenic bacteria.Explanation
The correct answer is "pathogenic bacteria." The disinfection process is specifically designed to kill harmful or disease-causing bacteria. It may not necessarily kill all bacteria, as some bacteria are beneficial or harmless. Similarly, it may not target protozoans or algae, as they are different types of microorganisms. Therefore, the disinfection process focuses on eliminating pathogenic bacteria to ensure the safety and cleanliness of the environment.Rate this question:
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- 44.
A heavy growth of algae in a surface water reservoir will have which one of the following effects on the water?
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lower the pH
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Raise the pH
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Will have no effect on the pH
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Your mom
Correct Answer
A. Raise the pHExplanation
A heavy growth of algae in a surface water reservoir will raise the pH of the water. Algae undergo photosynthesis, which involves the absorption of carbon dioxide and release of oxygen. This process increases the concentration of oxygen in the water and reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide, leading to an increase in pH. Additionally, algae can produce bicarbonate ions as a byproduct of their metabolic processes, further contributing to the alkalinity of the water and raising the pH.Rate this question:
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- 45.
A centrifugal pump when operating normally shows a discharge pressure of 100 psi and the Venturi meter shows a flow rate of 20,000 gpm. Suddenly the pressure drops to 90 psi and the flow rate increases to 23,000 gpm. You would suspect
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a faulty gauge and manometer tube
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a large leak in the pump discharge line.
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. foreign matter caught in the Venturi-tube throat.
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the packing is sucking air.
Correct Answer
A. a large leak in the pump discharge line.Explanation
The sudden drop in discharge pressure and increase in flow rate suggest that there is a large leak in the pump discharge line. This is because a leak in the line would result in a decrease in pressure and an increase in flow rate, as some of the fluid is escaping through the leak instead of being delivered to the intended destination. This explanation is supported by the fact that the pressure dropped from 100 psi to 90 psi and the flow rate increased from 20,000 gpm to 23,000 gpm, indicating a significant change in the system.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Hardness in water is caused mainly by the presence of
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. calcium and magnesium compounds
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iron and manganese compounds
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Lime and soda ash.
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turbidity and suspended solids
Correct Answer
A. . calcium and magnesium compoundsExplanation
Hardness in water is caused mainly by the presence of calcium and magnesium compounds. These compounds can dissolve in water and form ions, which contribute to the hardness of the water. Calcium and magnesium ions can react with soap, forming insoluble compounds that result in the formation of soap scum and reduce the effectiveness of cleaning agents. Hard water can also lead to the buildup of scale in pipes and appliances, reducing their efficiency and lifespan. Therefore, the presence of calcium and magnesium compounds is the primary cause of water hardness.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Calcium oxide is also called
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Slaked lime.
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quicklime.
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hydrated lime
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Dehydrated lime.
Correct Answer
A. quicklime.Explanation
Calcium oxide is commonly known as quicklime because it is produced by heating limestone or seashells at high temperatures, causing them to decompose and release carbon dioxide. Quicklime is highly reactive and reacts vigorously with water to produce calcium hydroxide, also known as slaked lime. Therefore, quicklime is the correct answer as it is an alternative name for calcium oxide.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Mark the correct number of coliform per 100 mL when a membrane filter count shows 43 coliform colonies and 1.00 mL of sample was filtered.
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430
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4300
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43000
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430000
Correct Answer
A. 4300Explanation
The correct answer is 4300. This is because the question states that there were 43 coliform colonies on the membrane filter after filtering 1.00 mL of sample. To determine the number of coliform per 100 mL, we can multiply the number of colonies by 100. Therefore, 43 x 100 = 4300 coliform per 100 mL.Rate this question:
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- 49.
As long as free chlorine and organic precursors are available, the total trihalomethane (TTHM) production will most probably
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Continue to fall
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continue to rise
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fall and then rise
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stay the same.
Correct Answer
A. continue to riseExplanation
As long as free chlorine and organic precursors are available, the production of total trihalomethane (TTHM) will most likely continue to rise. This is because TTHM is formed as a byproduct of the reaction between free chlorine and organic precursors, such as humic and fulvic acids, which are commonly found in water sources. Therefore, the availability of these components will contribute to the ongoing production of TTHM.Rate this question:
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May 09, 2025Quiz Edited by
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Sep 18, 2014Quiz Created by
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