Clinical Anatomy Quiz 3.1

What 3 things make up the tibiofemoral articulartion?

What 2 things make up the patellofemoral articulation?

What is the difference between the mechanical axis and the anatomical axis of the knee?

What are 3 possible causes of genu recurvatum?

Name the 3 infrapatellar structures.

Name the  6 articular ligaments of the knee.

Name the ACL's 3 bands.

The knee is composed of 2 articulations. Name them.

The tibiofemoral joint is also known as a ________ joint.

The tibiofemoral joint provides good _______ BUT poor ______.

For the tibialfemoral joint: Stability is in complete flexion, mobility after a certain point in extension. 

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The loose-pack position of the tibiofemoral joint is between __-__° (degrees) of flexion.

The closed-pack position for the tibiofemoral joint is in:

The medial tibial plateau has an articulating surface that can be 50% larger than the lateral tibial plateau.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The medial and lateral tibial plateaus are symmetrical and convex.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The medial and lateral tibial plateaus are separated by the

The condyles of the posterior distal femur are separated by the

The condyles on the anterior side of the distal femur are separated by

The anatomical axis of the knee is the 

• A.

  Interior angle

• B.

  Exterior angle

The anatomical axis's angle is normally between ___-___° (degrees).

The normal angle of the anatomical axis is also known as the __________ angle of the knee.

If the interior angle of the knee is > 190°, this is termed

What is the term for hyperextension?

Genu recurvatum is found to be equally common in both sexes.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Because the femoral condyles are asymmetrical, the ______ (larger) side will roll further than the ______ side.

• A.

  Medial; lateral

• B.

  Lateral; medial

The joint capsule is LARGE and LAX.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The synovial lining goes all the way around the knee but the joint capsule folds inward posteriorly to wrap around the cruciate ligaments.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

The ACL and PCL are __________ but _________. (Hint: Inside/outside of what?)

During what motion of the knee does the synovial fluid move posterior to anterior?

During what motion of the knee does the synovial fluid move from anterior to posterior?

Name the 3 major bursa (ABC order).

All three major bursa of the knee (SPP, SG, & SPOP) communicate with each other.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Name the 2 extracapsular bursa.

___________ is located in the anterior-inferior aspect of the knee between the joint capsule and the patellar tendon.

The infrapatellar fat pad is strengthened by ________, a fibrous band.

Where is the infrapatellar fold of the fat pad found?

Where the capsule and the synovial lining come together (during uterine development) and form a seam is called:

ORIGIN: lateral epicondyle of the femur. INSERTION: head of the fibula. What ligament is this?

The LCL is cord-like.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Which are true about the LCL?

• A.

  Resists varus moments at the knee (lateral opening)

• B.

  Resists vagus moments at the knee (medial opening)

• C.

  Is most taut in extension / most slack in flexion

• D.

  Is most taut in flexion / most slack in extension

• E.

  Becomes taut before the MCL, causing the tibia to ER

• F.

  Becomes taut after the MCL, causing the tibia to IR

ORIGIN: medial epicondyle of the femur (just below the adductor tubercle). INSERTION: proximal tibia. What ligament is this?

The _______ fibers of the MCL are oblique, whereas the ______ fibers are vertical.

The MCL fully attaches to the medial meniscus.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Which are true about the MCL?

• A.

  Resists varus moments at the knee (lateral opening)

• B.

  Resists vagus moments at the knee (medial opening)

• C.

  Is most taut in extension / most slack in flexion

• D.

  Is most taut in flexion / most slack in extension

• E.

  The posterior fibers help guide the medial condyle so it doesn't travel too far

• F.

  The anterior fibers help guide the medial condyle so it doesn't travel too far

______ ligaments are positioned in the center of the joint and are contained within the intercondylar notch.

ORIGIN: anterior aspect of the intercondylar fossa of the tibia (travels superiorly-laterally). INSERTION: internal aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur. What ligament is this?

The ACL resists:

• A.

  Anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

• B.

  Posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

• C.

  Internal rotation of the tibia on the femur

• D.

  External rotation of the tibia on the femur

The ACL facilitates the normal glide/roll of the femur on the tibia during dynamic movement.

• A.

  True

• B.

  False

Given what you know about the ACL and the motions it resists, during motions do you think it is most often injured?

ORIGIN: intercondylar fossa of the tibia (travels superiorly and medially). INSERTION: lateral surface of the medial condyle of the femur. What ligament is this?