O Chem Functional Groups

The formula given represents an alcohol molecule. Alcohols are organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group bonded to a carbon atom. In this case, the formula does not contain any other functional groups commonly found in acids or bases, indicating that it represents an alcohol.

The formula to the right represents an aldehyde. Aldehydes are organic compounds that contain a carbonyl group (-C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. In the given options, alcohol, ester, and acid do not have a carbonyl group bonded to a hydrogen atom, whereas aldehydes do. Therefore, the correct answer is aldehyde.

The molecule to the left is ethanol.

The molecule to the right is methanoic acid. This can be determined by analyzing the structure of the molecule. Methanoic acid, also known as formic acid, has the chemical formula HCOOH. It consists of a carboxyl group (COOH) attached to a single carbon atom. The name "methanoic" indicates that it is the simplest carboxylic acid, with only one carbon atom. Therefore, methanoic acid is the correct answer.

The molecule to the right represents a secondary alcohol. This is because a secondary alcohol is defined as a molecule that has two alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom that bears the hydroxyl group. In the given molecule, there are two alkyl groups attached to the carbon atom with the hydroxyl group, making it a secondary alcohol.

The formula to the right represents an organic acid. Organic acids are compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to a carbon atom. This formula does not contain any functional groups characteristic of aldehydes, alcohols, or amino acids. Therefore, the correct answer is organic acid.

The formula to the right represents an ester. Ester molecules are organic compounds that are formed from the reaction between an alcohol and an acid. They have a distinct functional group known as the ester group, which consists of a carbonyl group bonded to an oxygen atom and an alkyl or aryl group. Esters are commonly used in various industries, including food and fragrance, as they often have pleasant smells and flavors.

The given molecule is CH3OCH2CH3, which consists of a methyl group (CH3) attached to an ethyl group (CH2CH3) through an oxygen atom (O). This type of compound is commonly known as an ether. The correct name for this molecule is methyl ethyl ether, as it contains both a methyl group and an ethyl group connected by an oxygen atom.

Tables P, Q, and R are the correct answer because these tables typically contain information on the naming conventions and rules for organic compounds. They provide guidelines and examples for naming different types of organic compounds based on their functional groups and molecular structures. These tables are commonly used as a reference by chemists and students studying organic chemistry to ensure accurate and consistent naming of organic compounds. The Periodic Table is not relevant to naming organic compounds, and Tables S & T and Tables N & O are not commonly used for this purpose.