Parasitology Exam 1 Info

Yes they are, they cause cutaneous larval migrans

It is zoonotic, it causes visceral larval migrans

Trichuris vulpis is a parasite that lays this egg.

They approximately 0.1ml of blood per worm per day

Toxocara canis/cati is the correct answer because this parasite is known to lay eggs. Toxocara canis is the roundworm that infects dogs, while Toxocara cati infects cats. Both of these parasites lay eggs in the intestines of their respective hosts, which are then passed out in the feces. These eggs can contaminate the environment and pose a risk of infection to other animals or humans if ingested. Therefore, Toxocara canis/cati is the most likely parasite to lay the egg mentioned in the question.

Bayliscsaris leonia being zoonotic means that it can be transmitted from animals to humans. Zoonotic diseases are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi, which can be transferred between animals and humans. Therefore, if Bayliscsaris leonia is zoonotic, it implies that it can infect humans as well.

Equine pinworm is the correct answer because it is a parasite that commonly causes intense anal puritis and itching in horses. Infested animals may also exhibit broken tail hair and a tendency to rub their hind end on stalls and fence posts. Equine threadworm, equine stomach worm, and equine roundworm are not known to cause these specific symptoms.

Strongyles are not zoonotic. Zoonotic diseases are those that can be transmitted between animals and humans. Strongyles, on the other hand, are a type of parasitic worms that commonly infect horses and other equines. They do not typically infect humans, making the statement false.

Toxocara canis/cati is a parasitic roundworm that primarily infects dogs and cats. In the definitive host, which is the host where the parasite reaches maturity and reproduces, Toxocara canis/cati lives in the small intestine. This is where the adult worms attach themselves to the intestinal wall and lay their eggs, which are then passed out of the host's body through feces. The small intestine provides a suitable environment for the worms to feed on the host's digested food and complete their life cycle.

Parascaris equorum is the correct answer because it is a known parasite that lays eggs. It commonly infects horses and can cause various health issues.

Ancylostoma caninum/tubaeforms cause harm in the definitive host by being voracious blood suckers. This means that they feed on the host's blood in large quantities, leading to blood loss and potential anemia. This can weaken the host and cause various health issues.

The definitive host acquires Oxyuris equi through the ingestion of embryonated eggs. This means that the host consumes eggs that have already developed and contain the infective larvae. Once ingested, the larvae hatch in the host's digestive system and develop into adult worms, causing the infection.

Oxyuris equi is a parasite that sheds these eggs.

Uncinaria stenocephala is a species of hookworm that primarily infects dogs and occasionally cats. In its definitive host, which is the dog or cat, Uncinaria stenocephala lives in the small intestine. This is where the hookworm attaches itself to the intestinal wall and feeds on the host's blood. The small intestine provides an optimal environment for the hookworm to thrive and reproduce, making it the correct answer.

Uncinaria stenocephala causes harm to the definitive host by being a voracious blood sucker. This means that it feeds on the blood of the host, which can lead to anemia and weakness. The parasite attaches itself to the intestinal wall and feeds on the blood vessels, causing harm to the host's health.

Ancylostoma caninum/tubaeforms are parasitic hookworms that primarily inhabit the small intestine of their definitive host. This is where they attach themselves to the intestinal wall and feed on the host's blood. They have specialized mouthparts that allow them to anchor themselves and cause damage to the intestinal lining. Therefore, the correct answer is "Small intestine."

Strongyles are a type of parasitic worms that commonly infect horses. They have a complex life cycle and undergo different stages of development in different hosts. In their definitive host, which is the horse, strongyles primarily reside in the large intestine. This is where they attach to the intestinal wall and feed on blood, causing damage and leading to various health issues in the horse. Therefore, the correct answer is the large intestine.

Trichuris vulpis is a parasitic worm commonly known as whipworm that primarily infects dogs. In its definitive host, which is the dog, Trichuris vulpis lives in the cecum. The cecum is a pouch-like structure located at the junction of the small and large intestines. This is where the adult whipworms attach themselves and feed on the host's blood, causing various health issues. Therefore, the correct answer is the cecum.

The correct answer is Ancylostoma caninum/ tubaeforme. Ancylostoma caninum and Ancylostoma tubaeforme are parasitic hookworms that infect dogs and cats, respectively. They lay eggs in the intestines of their respective hosts, which are then passed out in the feces. These eggs can be found in the environment and can cause infections in other animals or humans who come into contact with contaminated soil or feces. Therefore, Ancylostoma caninum/ tubaeforme is the parasite that lays these eggs.

Trichinella is a parasite that lays these eggs. Trichinella is a genus of parasitic roundworms that infect mammals, including humans. The female Trichinella worm lays eggs in the muscles of the host, which are then released into the bloodstream and eventually passed out through feces. These eggs can contaminate the environment and infect other hosts, causing trichinellosis, a parasitic disease characterized by muscle pain, fever, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, Trichinella is the correct answer for the parasite that lays these eggs.

The L3 stage refers to the third larval stage of a parasite's life cycle. In this stage, the parasite has developed and is ready to infect a host. Therefore, parasites are infectious during the L3 stage of their life cycle.

Eucoleus boehmi lives in the nasal passage of its definitive host. This parasitic worm specifically inhabits the nasal passages of canids, such as dogs and foxes. It is commonly found in the frontal sinuses and ethmoidal region of the nasal cavity. By residing in the nasal passage, Eucoleus boehmi can cause inflammation, irritation, and respiratory symptoms in its host.

Canine hookworms are parasitic worms that infect dogs. The statement "Males are 10-12 mm" is true because male hookworms are typically larger in size compared to females. The statement "Transmission via lactogenic route" is also true as hookworm larvae can be transferred to puppies through their mother's milk. However, the statement "Transmission in utero" is not mentioned in the given options, so we cannot determine its truthfulness. The statement "Females are smaller" is not true because, as mentioned earlier, males are larger than females.

Horizontal transmission refers to the spread of infection within a population, specifically across different generations of the host population. This means that the infection is not limited to a single generation, but can be passed on from one generation to the next. It does not involve transmission from mother to offspring or require the involvement of intermediate hosts.

Strongyles are a type of parasitic worms that commonly infect horses. They can cause various health issues in horses, including damage to the intestines and poor nutrient absorption. The presence of strongyles in a horse's feces is a common sign of infection. Therefore, the correct answer is Strongyles.

Bayliscaris leonia can be acquired by ingesting a paratenic host or ingesting larvated eggs. Ingesting a paratenic host means consuming an intermediate host that is infected with the parasite. Larvated eggs refer to the eggs of the parasite that have developed into larvae. Both of these methods can lead to the acquisition of Bayliscaris leonia infection.

Toxocara canis/cati can be acquired by animals through various modes. Ingestion of larvated eggs refers to the animal consuming eggs of the parasite that are already in the infectious stage. Ingestion of paratenic hosts, such as rodents or birds, means that the animal becomes infected by eating another animal that has already ingested the parasite. Transplacental transmission occurs when the parasite is passed from the mother to her offspring through the placenta. Lactogenic transmission refers to the transmission of the parasite through the mother's milk.

Bayliscaris leonia is a parasitic roundworm that primarily infects raccoons. In its definitive host, which is the raccoon, Bayliscaris leonia lives in the neurotrophic tissues. This means that the worm resides in the nervous system of the raccoon, including the brain and spinal cord. This location allows the parasite to cause neurological symptoms and potentially severe damage to the host. Therefore, the correct answer is "Neurotrophic".

Uncinaria stenocephala can be acquired through ingestion of L3 larvae, lactogenic transmission, or penetration by L3 larvae. This means that the parasite can be acquired by consuming food or water contaminated with the larvae, through transmission from mother to offspring through milk, or through the larvae penetrating the skin.