Blood Borne And Airborne Pathogens

Explanation
The statement is true because the risk of transmission of diseases through feces, saliva, sweat, urine, and tears is extremely low or nonexistent. These bodily fluids do not typically contain high concentrations of pathogens that can cause infections. However, it is important to note that there may be exceptions in certain specific cases or with certain diseases. Overall, the likelihood of transmitting diseases through these bodily fluids is very low.

Explanation
HIV and HBV can indeed be transmitted when infected bodily fluids directly contact the eyes or nonintact skin. Both viruses are present in high concentrations in certain bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. If these fluids come into contact with the eyes or skin that has cuts, sores, or rashes, there is a risk of transmission. It is important to take precautions and practice safe behaviors to prevent the spread of these viruses.

Explanation
HIV can indeed stay alive in dried blood for a short period of time. While the virus is fragile and cannot survive for long outside the body, it can still remain infectious in dried blood for several hours. This is why it is important to handle blood and other bodily fluids with caution, as they can potentially transmit the virus if proper precautions are not taken.

Explanation
When controlling normal bleeding, the minimum PPE that should be worn is gloves. Gloves provide a barrier between the healthcare worker and the patient's blood, reducing the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. Eye protection and gown may be necessary in certain situations, but gloves are essential in all cases to ensure the safety of the healthcare worker.

Explanation
False. A person with HIV may not always exhibit signs that they are infected. In the early stages of infection, many individuals experience flu-like symptoms, but these can be easily mistaken for other illnesses. Additionally, some people may remain asymptomatic for years after contracting the virus. It is important to get tested regularly for HIV, especially if engaging in high-risk behaviors, as early detection and treatment can greatly improve outcomes.

Explanation
The statement suggests that it is possible to request the HBV vaccination. This implies that individuals have the option to ask for the HBV vaccination, indicating that the statement is true.

Explanation
Tb, also known as tuberculosis, is not a blood borne pathogen. It is primarily an airborne disease that spreads through the inhalation of infected droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected person. While it can affect various organs in the body, including the lungs, it is not transmitted through the blood. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Explanation
The given answer, "all the above," is correct because all of the mentioned signs - productive cough greater than 2 weeks, extreme weight loss, persistent fever, night sweats, and bloody sputum - are indicative of tuberculosis (TB). These symptoms are commonly associated with TB and are important diagnostic criteria for the disease.

Explanation
If you work in a high-risk job, such as healthcare or in close contact with individuals who have tuberculosis (TB), it is important to be screened for TB annually. This is because individuals in high-risk jobs are more likely to be exposed to TB bacteria, and regular screening helps to detect any potential infections early on. By identifying TB infections promptly, appropriate treatment and preventive measures can be taken to protect both the individual and others from the spread of the disease. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals in high-risk jobs to undergo annual TB screening.

Explanation
The proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is crucial in preventing the spread of bloodborne and airborne pathogens in high-risk jobs. PPE includes items such as gloves, masks, and gowns that create a barrier between the worker and potential sources of infection. By wearing and using PPE correctly, workers can minimize the risk of exposure to pathogens and reduce the likelihood of spreading them to others. Therefore, the statement that the proper use of PPE can prevent the spread of bloodborne and airborne pathogens in high-risk jobs is true.