Unit 1 Target 1: Experimental Design
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- 1.Lydia works in a flower shop after school. She notices that the hydrangeas inContainer 1 have pink blossoms, while the hydrangeas in Container 2 have blueblossoms. She makes sure they all receive the same amount of light and water. Her boss tells her that the flowers were all grown from the same seed variety. Lydia discovers, after testing the soil, that although the same type of soil was used, the soil in Container 1 has a pH of 6.0, and the soil in Container 2 has a pH of 5.0.Lydia most likely conducted her investigation to answer what question about hydrangeas?
- A.
How does the chemistry of the soil affect the color of hydrangea blossoms?
- B.
What role do genetic factors play in hydrangea color?
- C.
Do varying degrees of light affect hydrangea color?
- D.
What type of soil will produce a hydrangea with both pink and blue blossoms?
- 2.Scientific experimentation can most likely answer which question regarding a bird population?
- A.
How does a baby bird learn to recognize the type of food it can eat?
- B.
How does the type of food a bird eats affect the number of offspring it produces?
- C.
What is the relationship between beak size and the number of offspring a bird produces?
- D.
Why does a bird with a very short beak produce more offspring than a bird with a very long beak?
- 3.Mrs. Lewis set up a lab for her biology students using a culture of the small crustacean Daphnia, obtained from a pond that was 20°C. The students are to investigate the effect temperature has on Daphnia. The students will observe the crustacean’s heartbeat under the microscope, at the following temperatures: 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, and 40°C. They will count the number of heartbeats per sec.What is the independent variable in the experiment?
- A.
Number of heartbeats/sec
- B.
Temperature of the samples
- C.
Type of microscope used
- D.
Number of Daphnia in the cultures
- 4.Morgan hypothesizes that the activity of amylase, an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch, will be greater at 37°C than at 25°C. She prepares 2 tubes: Tube 1 and Tube 2. Morgan adds 2 g of starch and 1 mL of an enzyme suspension to Tube 1 and incubates it at 37°C for 20 min. To accurately test her hypothesis, Morgan should add 2 g of the starch and 1 mL of the enzyme suspension to Tube 2 and incubate it at ______ for ______.
- A.
25°C; 20 min
- B.
37°C; 20 min
- C.
25°C; 10 min
- D.
37°C 10 min
- 5.Dr. Hansen performs an experiment testing the effectiveness of different cough syrups. Identify the dependent variable in the experiment.
- A.
Type of cough syrup
- B.
Effectiveness of the cough syrup
- C.
Number of people taking each cough syrup
- D.
Number of days people take each cough syrup
- 6.Ebola virus is a potentially deadly virus in the blood which causes Ebola fever. Ebola virus is often spread by monkeys. Scientists used 2 groups of monkey kidney cells in an experiment to confirm the first human case of Ebola fever. The scientists inoculated cells in Group 1 with samples of the Ebola virus taken from a human with Ebola fever. They did not inoculate the cells in Group 2. What was the control group in the experiment?
- A.
The Ebola virus
- B.
All of the monkey kidney cells
- C.
Monkey kidney cells in Group 1
- D.
Monkey kidney cells in Group 2
- 7.How many independent variables should there be in a controlled experiment?
- 8.Other than the independent variable, all other factors in the experiment should be kept ___ for both the experimental group and control group.
- 9.Aisha wants to conduct an experiment to determine whether sun and shade varieties of the same plant species prefer the same wavelengths of light. She plans to measure rates of photosynthesis. Which design would be best for her experiment.
- A.
1 plant of the sun variety tested under blue light only, and 1 plant of the shade variety tested under blue light only
- B.
4 plants of the sun variety: 1 tested under blue light, 1 under green, 1 under red, and 1 under yellow light with 4 plants of the shade variety: 1 tested under blue light, 1 under green, 1 under red, and 1 under yellow light
- C.
10 plants of the sun variety tested under blue light only; and 10 plants of the shade variety tested under blue light only
- D.
40 plants of the sun variety: 10 tested under blue light, 10 under green, 10 under red, and 10 under yellow light with 40 plants of the shade variety: 10 tested under blue light, 10 under green, 10 under red, and 10 under yellow light
- 10.Mrs. Lewis set up a lab for her biology students using a culture of the small crustacean Daphnia, obtained from a pond that was 20°C. The students are to investigate the effect temperature has on Daphnia. The students will observe the crustacean’s heartbeat under the microscope, at the following temperatures: 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, and 40°C. They will count the number of heartbeats per sec.If the experiment is designed correctly, what will the students choose for the experimental treatment?
- A.
Placing 5 identical cultures of Daphnia at 20°C
- B.
Placing each of 5 identical cultures of Daphnia at a different temperature
- C.
Placing 5 cultures, each with a different type of crustacean, at 20°C
- D.
Placing 5 cultures, each with a different type of crustacean, at a different temperature
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