Media INFLuence

According to the TAC’s website, there has been “a near halving of Victoria’s road toll since 1989, with a corresponding drop in serious injuries of 27%”, attributed to “a number of factors”. A key conclusion reached relating to the first years of the TAC campaign is that there were clear links between the levels of TAC publicity supporting speed and alcohol enforcement programs and reductions in crashes

• True

• False

The Hyperdermic Needle Theory is also known as The Bullet Theory.

• True

• False

A recent example of the media setting agendas (also known as Gatekeeping) was :

• OUTSPOKEN independent Senator Jacqui Lambie compared the cost of bombing terrorists in Syria to the costs of providing rehab for ice addicts.

• When the media led audiences to feel more about two American reporters than 50 Somali or Syrian or Afghan asylum seekers by dominating news reports.The main 6:00pm BBC news did mention the deaths of the migrants, but only as part of a wider migrant story which was broadcast around 20 minutes into the bulletin. The American TV killings was lead story, although the death toll was 25 times less.

The audience demographic at the heart of this debate, concerns graphic images potentially harming and influencing:

• The elderly

• 35-40 yr olds

• Children, 7-14yrs

• Young adults

The 1999 Columbine School Massacre saw Dylan and Eric, two teenage boys, murder of their classmates. Society flew into moral panic, concerned and eager to find reasons as to why these young men acted in such a violent way. One game said to have been influential was

The films Natural Born Killers & The Basketball Diaries were also said to have been influential texts in The Columbine Shootings

• True

• False

The Columbine School Massacre was investigated by The Secret Service.

• True

• False

Another good example of the Two Step Flow theory at work is The Oprah Effect

• True

• False

The Hypodermic Needle Theory is a part of which model

• Effects Tradition

• Political Economy Model

• Cultural Studies Model

Dylan and Eric killed how many teachers?

Dylan and Eric killed how many students?

The debate surrounding media influence and whether screen violence causes real violence is...

• Conclusive

• Lively, contested & inconclusive

• Ongoing but mostly conclusive

• Unfair

Media influence researcher Anderson concluded that:

• Exposure to games is inconsistent and therefore hard to assess

• Exposure to violent video games causes both short term and long term aggression in players and decreases empathy and prosocial behavior.

• Exposure is not important, what is important is how the individual was raised

Video games as a form of media are:

• Swift, pervasive, easily accessible, interactive & repetitive

• Expensive

• Difficult

• Option4

The Secret Service report on Dylan and Eric suggested   ___________   as a possible cause of the boy's violent attack.

____    _____   ________    describes a phenomenon whereby violence-related content of mass media makes viewers believe that the world is more dangerous than it actually is.

Daphne ______________ , professor of brain and cognitive sciences at the University of Rochester in the United States has found that modern fast-paced action video games, in particular first-person shooter games, may sharpen your vision, improve your attention and working memory, and develop your fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination. ( See http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2009/06/24/2607577.htm )

Today, a growing area of brain research suggests modern fast-paced action video games, in particular first-person shooter games  may sharpen your _________, improve your attention and working _________, and develop your fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

Which one do you like?

• Option 1

• Option 2

• Option 3

• Option 4

One recent example to reference in the exam for the Two Step Flow Theory is:

The Agenda Setting Function theory is an example of which model

• Effects Tradition

• Limited Effects

• Receptionist Constructivist

Uses and Gratification was (select 2 of the 3 below)

• Developed by McQuail, Blumer & Lazarsfeld

• Developed in the 1940s and is a bottom up theory

• Developed only in the last 10 years and is top down

Some analysts argue that a part of the killers problem may have been due to d________________  due to their constant exposure to violent imagery in such video games, as well as music and movies.

Other texts said to have been influential in the Columbine School Shootings were films:

Ferguson's criticism of Anderson's "Noise blast" test included the following:

• There is the possibility of researcher bias, as the conclusions supported their theory. Also, the participants were implicitly given permission by the researchers to be aggressive. Real world violence tends to break laws, and is therefore more deviant than the experimental task.

• The task is unrealistic. Showing aggression by playing loud noises is quite different in scale/degree from attacking someone in real life. People may have found it funny or not taken it seriously. It can’t be concluded that they would be more likely to stab/shoot someone.

• This test fails to adequately define "aggression". That is this study used outcome measures that have nothing to do with real life aggression

• This study was essentially a laboratory study and has no real connection to the real world.

• Ferguson argues that Anderson's result of an apparent