Abnormal Labs And The Ems Provider

35 Questions | By Mlveda | Last updated: Mar 17, 2022 | Total Attempts: 35

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You must receive a score of 75% in order to receive CME credit. *Answers are case sensitive. Answers must be in lower case.

Questions and Answers

1.

The three main enzymes found in the heart are:
- A.
  
  Sodium, potassium, calcium
- B.
  
  Calcium, magnesium, potassium
- C.
  
  Sodium, magnesium, potassium
- D.
  
  Sodium, calcium, magnesium
2.

Sodium is a major _____ in the extracellular fluid.
- A.
  
  Ion
- B.
  
  Cation
3.

Normal adult sodium levels are:
- A.
  
  135-145
- B.
  
  135-125
- C.
  
  125- 115
- D.
  
  115-110
4.

Clinical findings with decreased levels of sodium include:
5.

Four (4) clinical findings associated with elevated sodium levels are:
6.

Potassium is a mineral that the body needs to work normally. It helps_______ and ________ communicate
7.

Normal potassium levels for an adult is:
- A.
  
  3.5-5.0 mEq/L
- B.
  
  3.0-5.0 mEq/L
- C.
  
  3.5-5.5 mEq/L
- D.
  
  3.0-5.5 mEq/L
8.

A very low potassium level (less than ____ mmol/L) can be life threatening and requires urgent medical attention.
9.

Low potassium (hypokalemia) has many causes. The most common cause of low potassium is excessive potassium loss in_____ or from the ________.
10.

The most common cause of genuinely high potassium (hyperkalemia) is related to your kidneys, such as: ________ and _______.
11.

Hyperkalemia is a serious and potentially life threatening disorder. It can cause:
12.

Potassium goes ____ in acidosis
13.

In the human body calcium is found most abundtly in the _____ and _______.
14.

Patients with elevated calcium levels should be monitored for signs of :
15.

Normal calcium levels in an adult are
- A.
  
  4.5-5.5 mEq/L
- B.
  
  4.0-5.0 mEq/L
- C.
  
  3.5-4.5 mEq/L
- D.
  
  4.0-5.0 mEq/L
16.

Patient's with decreased levels of calcium should be monitored for signs of tetany which include _______ and ________.
17.

Monitor the pulse regularly if the patient is receiving a _______ and ________.
18.

Monitor the ECG during hypocalcemia for prolonged _____ and lengthened ______.
19.

Troponin is specific to the ______, even slight elevations may indicate some degree of damage to the ____.
20.

Troponin values remain high for _____ to ____ weeks after a heart attack.
21.

Urea is formed as an end product of protein metabolism and is excreted by the _____ .
22.

Normal BUN levels for an adult are:
- A.
  
  5-25 mg/dL
- B.
  
  2-15 mg/dL
- C.
  
  5-20 mg/dL
- D.
  
  2-25 mg/dL
23.

An elevated BUN level could be an indication of _______, _______, or ________.
24.

A low BUN value usually indicates ________.
25.

Clinical presentations of elevated BUN levels may include _______, _______, ______ which can all be indicators for dehydration and if severe enough could lead to shock.