Junior Horse Bowl Team: Horse Science Behavior And Nature, Part 1

1. Equus escaped to Asia and Europe during the Ice Age by crossing:

The land bridge between Alaska and Siberia called the Bering Strait

The land bridge between California and Russia called the Pacific Bridge

During the Ice Age, when sea levels were lower, the land bridge between Alaska and Siberia called the Bering Strait was exposed. This allowed Equus to migrate from Asia to North America and vice versa. The Bering Strait acted as a bridge connecting the two continents, enabling the movement of various species, including Equus, across the landmass. This migration was possible due to the close proximity of Alaska and Siberia, making it a logical and feasible route for Equus to escape to Asia and Europe.

Explanation

During the Ice Age, when sea levels were lower, the land bridge between Alaska and Siberia called the Bering Strait was exposed. This allowed Equus to migrate from Asia to North America and vice versa. The Bering Strait acted as a bridge connecting the two continents, enabling the movement of various species, including Equus, across the landmass. This migration was possible due to the close proximity of Alaska and Siberia, making it a logical and feasible route for Equus to escape to Asia and Europe.

2. Horses had their beginning about 58 million years ago.

True

False

The given statement is true because scientific evidence suggests that the first known ancestor of the modern horse, called Eohippus or Hyracotherium, lived about 58 million years ago during the Eocene epoch. Fossil records and genetic studies support the evolution of horses over millions of years, with various species and adaptations occurring throughout their evolutionary history. Therefore, it is accurate to say that horses had their beginning around 58 million years ago.

Explanation

The given statement is true because scientific evidence suggests that the first known ancestor of the modern horse, called Eohippus or Hyracotherium, lived about 58 million years ago during the Eocene epoch. Fossil records and genetic studies support the evolution of horses over millions of years, with various species and adaptations occurring throughout their evolutionary history. Therefore, it is accurate to say that horses had their beginning around 58 million years ago.

3. Which choice shows the stages of evolution of the horse?

Equus, eohippus; mesohippus

Mesohippus, equus; eohippus

Equus; mesohippus; eohippus

Eohippus; mesohippus; equus

The correct answer is "eohippus; mesohippus; equus." This answer shows the correct order of the evolutionary stages of the horse. Eohippus is an early ancestor of the horse, followed by mesohippus, and finally equus, which is the modern horse.

Explanation

The correct answer is "eohippus; mesohippus; equus." This answer shows the correct order of the evolutionary stages of the horse. Eohippus is an early ancestor of the horse, followed by mesohippus, and finally equus, which is the modern horse.

4. The species known as equus had its start in North America.

True

False

Equus is a genus of mammals that includes horses, donkeys, and zebras. Fossil evidence suggests that the earliest species of Equus originated in North America around 4 million years ago. These early equids then spread to other parts of the world, including Eurasia and Africa. Therefore, it is true to say that the species known as Equus had its start in North America.

Explanation

Equus is a genus of mammals that includes horses, donkeys, and zebras. Fossil evidence suggests that the earliest species of Equus originated in North America around 4 million years ago. These early equids then spread to other parts of the world, including Eurasia and Africa. Therefore, it is true to say that the species known as Equus had its start in North America.

5. Type question here

Answer option1

Answer option2

Answer option3

Answer option4

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Explanation

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6. Horses lived only in Asia and Europe until they were brought to America by the Spaniards in the 16th century.

True

False

Once equus crossed the land bridge to Central Asia and Europe, the species died out in what became North America.

Explanation

Once equus crossed the land bridge to Central Asia and Europe, the species died out in what became North America.

7. The term "eohippus" comes from:

The Greek word "eos" meaning dawn

The Anglo Saxon word "hors" meaning horse

The Latin word "hora" meaning horse

A and C

None of the above

The term "eohippus" comes from the Greek word "eos" meaning dawn. The prefix "eo-" means dawn or early, and "hippus" means horse. Therefore, "eohippus" refers to the early horse or the dawn horse.

Explanation

The term "eohippus" comes from the Greek word "eos" meaning dawn. The prefix "eo-" means dawn or early, and "hippus" means horse. Therefore, "eohippus" refers to the early horse or the dawn horse.

8. How tall was eohippus?

24 inches

12 inches

30 inches

10 inches

Eohippus, also known as the dawn horse, was approximately 12 inches tall. This prehistoric ancestor of modern horses lived during the Eocene epoch, around 50 million years ago. Its small size allowed it to navigate through dense forests and brush, and its low height was beneficial for evading predators.

Explanation

Eohippus, also known as the dawn horse, was approximately 12 inches tall. This prehistoric ancestor of modern horses lived during the Eocene epoch, around 50 million years ago. Its small size allowed it to navigate through dense forests and brush, and its low height was beneficial for evading predators.

9. What was the main function of the horse before World War II?

To plow fields and plant crops

Used as a 'war machine'

To transport people in carriages and wagons to where they wanted to go

To ride from one place to another

Horses were used mostly in wars: to carry soldiers, pull wagons with weapons and in the fight against the enemy.

Explanation

Horses were used mostly in wars: to carry soldiers, pull wagons with weapons and in the fight against the enemy.

10. Check all the boxes which describe Mesohippus:

24 inches tall

30 inches tall

Three toes on each foot

Long middle toe on each foot

Short middle toe on each foot

Was not able to run fast or long distances

Could run fast for long distances which helped it find food and water

Mesohippus was a small horse-like animal that stood 24 inches tall. It had three toes on each foot, with a long middle toe. Unlike the statement that it was not able to run fast or long distances, Mesohippus was actually capable of running fast for long distances. This ability would have been beneficial for finding food and water in its environment.

Explanation

Mesohippus was a small horse-like animal that stood 24 inches tall. It had three toes on each foot, with a long middle toe. Unlike the statement that it was not able to run fast or long distances, Mesohippus was actually capable of running fast for long distances. This ability would have been beneficial for finding food and water in its environment.

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