NORAC - 10th Edition: Rules 70-124 And Special Instructions

The explanation for the given correct answer is that when a passenger train is already at a station, any approaching train must not occupy the station unless permission is received from the crew of the train already occupying the station. This is done to ensure the safety of the passengers on both trains. Therefore, the statement is true.

When a passenger train is approaching, the station platform area should not be occupied by trains operating on an out-of-service track adjacent to the platform, or by track cars operating on a track adjacent to the platform, whether it is in-service or out-of-service. Therefore, the statement "Intervening Tracks at Station Platforms: Occupying Station Platform Area" is true.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that on passenger trains in non-cab signal territory, the employee positioned with the Engineer must also be familiar with signal aspects. This means that the failure of the Dead Man or Alerter feature en route is a real possibility and can happen. Therefore, the statement "Failure of Dead Man or Alerter Feature En Route" being true is supported by the requirement for the employee to be familiar with signal aspects.

When moving on a siding other than controlled sidings, the standard practice is to proceed at restricted speed. This means that the train must travel at a speed that allows it to stop within half the range of vision, be able to stop before encountering any obstruction on the track, and be able to remain in control of the train at all times. However, it is important to note that the Timetable may specify a different speed for movement on a siding, in which case that speed should be followed.

The statement is true because employees are indeed prohibited from bypassing or tampering with the timing device located at all electric lock switches. This rule is in place to ensure the proper functioning and safety of the electrical lock switches. Bypassing or tampering with the timing device can lead to unauthorized access or potential hazards, so it is important for employees to adhere to this prohibition.

Employees are responsible for ensuring the safety of switches and fixed derails when trains are approaching and passing. To fulfill this responsibility, they must keep away from main track switches and, if it is safe, stand on the side of the track opposite the switch lever. This ensures that they are not in the way of any potential movement or operation of the switches, reducing the risk of accidents or injuries. Therefore, the statement is true.

If a hand-operated switch is left in the reverse position and there is no signal indication to protect it, the Form D line 2 authority must end at or before the switch. This means that trains are not allowed to proceed beyond that point unless the switch is properly aligned. Therefore, the statement is true.

If diesel-propelled trains are stopped while operating in tunnels or confined locations, all diesel engines must be shut down after standing 5 minutes. The engine may not be started until a signal to proceed is given.

When making a passenger station stop near an interlocking signal, the train should wait for a proceed signal at the interlocking before proceeding from the station. The conductor should not give permission to start the train or close the doors until the interlocking signal displays a proceed indication or it is confirmed that the train has received permission to pass a Stop Signal. Therefore, the statement is true.

Crewmembers should be aware of "build-up" conditions on wheels, where residue accumulates on the wheel surface. This can cause the sound of the wheel to simulate a flat spot, but upon inspection, crewmembers can easily determine the difference. The statement implies that Rule 71 does not apply to a build-up condition and there are no restrictions. Therefore, the correct answer is True.

If a flat spot of 4 inches or greater is found, the train must remain stopped until a report is made to the Dispatcher or Operator. The Dispatcher (or Operator when authorized by the Dispatcher) will then order the car or engine to be set out at the first available siding or terminal when it is determined safe for movement. Therefore, the statement is true.

The correct answer is "outside, 4". When determining the fouling point of a track where it is not indicated or visible, you should stand on the tie butt with your outside foot (the one that is closest to the adjacent track) at the edge of the tie. Then, extend your arm outward toward the adjacent track. Move to a location where your extended arm is approximately 4 feet from the edge of the near running rail on the adjacent track. From this location, identify a point one car length farther away from the point of convergence of these two tracks. This point can be considered "the fouling point" on that track, and cars must not be left beyond that point.

At stations where there are tracks between a station platform and a track where passenger trains usually receive or discharge passengers, it is true that trains other than passenger trains should not block access to the platform. This means that non-passenger trains should not obstruct the path to the platform, ensuring that passengers can safely access and exit the trains without any hindrance.

The correct answer is green or white; red or yellow. In railway signaling, switch targets are used to indicate the position of the switch. A green or white banner indicates the normal position of the switch, while a red or yellow banner indicates the reverse position.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that according to Rule 241, "Passing a Stop Signal," return movement to a portion of a train left on the main track can be made on signal indication or by verbal permission. This means that if a train has been left on the main track and needs to be moved back, it can be done so with the proper signal or permission from the controlling authority. Therefore, the statement is true.

When operating a train from other than the leading end, the crew member stationed on the leading end must be prepared to operate the engine whistle or horn, as well as the emergency brake valve if necessary. However, there is a speed limit that must be followed. The train must not exceed 30 MPH.

The word "sufficient" means enough or an adequate amount. In the given context, it is important for employees to take precautions to prevent damage or fouling of other tracks when handling cars, locomotives, or other on-track equipment. Therefore, they must have enough or a sufficient amount of precaution to ensure the safety and prevent any potential damage.

Rotary or swinging type machinery, such as cranes and derricks, must not be moved in revenue trains unless the Conductor and Engineer have been provided with the required forms and/or shipping papers covering the specific movements. This rule applies to machinery moving on its own wheels and to machinery loaded on cars. Therefore, the statement "Movement of Rotary or Swinging Type Machinery: Required Forms and Paperwork for Movement in Revenue Train" is true.

Open top loads, including trailers and containers on flat cars, must not have lading shifted or securements loose or missing. Where train consist permits, open-top shiftable loads must NOT be placed next to an occupied engine unit or other occupied equipment.

When an obstruction is found in a failing switch, it needs to be removed. However, it is important to exercise caution and never place any body part where it can be caught in the movement of a switch point or mechanism. Instead, a stick or other inanimate object should be used to remove the obstruction. This is to ensure the safety of the crewmember and prevent any potential injuries.

When trains are diverting through hand-operated switches, they must not exceed 15 MPH unless otherwise specified.

When a passenger train is routed to a track that requires it to cross a main track or controlled siding before reaching the station platform, it must stop as soon as it is known that it is so routed. This is necessary in order to ensure the safety of the passengers and to obtain assurance of protection. By stopping as soon as it is known about the routing, the train can avoid any potential collision or interference with other trains on the main track or siding.

Trains, engines, and track cars must operate at Restricted Speed not exceeding 10 MPH on all NJ TRANSIT yard tracks unless otherwise instructed. This speed limit is necessary to ensure the safety of operations within the yard area, where there may be limited visibility, potential obstructions, or other hazards that require reduced speeds for safe maneuvering. By adhering to this speed limit, the risk of accidents or collisions is minimized, and operations can be carried out efficiently and safely.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that designated stations are those where scheduled trains normally receive and discharge passengers across a track between the train and the station platform. At these stations, protection against other trains is not required when trains make scheduled stops. This means that there are no safety measures needed to prevent other trains from entering the platform while passengers are boarding or alighting the train. Therefore, the statement is true.

When a train has stopped due to sticking brakes or sliding wheels, an examination of the car wheels must be conducted. If a wheel shows signs of being overheated, it indicates that the brakes have been excessively used and may have caused damage. In such cases, the air brakes of the car's truck(s) must be cut out to prevent further damage or potential accidents.

The given statement is true. According to the information provided, Conductors of NJ TRANSIT trains will designate a second crewmember to assist during any type of on-ground inspection for defects in a train. This indicates that NJ TRANSIT trains prioritize safety and follow proper procedures to ensure that any defects in the train are identified and addressed.

Employees qualified on the operating rules and located on the leading engine or car have the responsibility to be on the lookout for signals affecting the movement of their train. They must communicate to each other in a clear manner the name of each signal as soon as it becomes clearly visible. This is important for ensuring that everyone on the train is aware of the signals and can respond accordingly to maintain safety and follow the proper procedures.

When movement on a running track is completed, it is necessary to report it as clear. However, when clearing at an interlocking or TBS (Train-Borne System), no additional report is required. Therefore, the statement is true.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that hand-operated derails are normally in the derailing position, except in specific cases where they are specified by special instruction or used for blue signal protection, occupied camp car protection, or Roadway Worker protection. In these cases, they must be applied in the derailing position only when necessary. Therefore, the statement "The normal position of fixed derails is in the derailing position, except where specified by special instruction or for specific protections" is true.

If the hand brake is not fully applied, it can result in a "stuck brake" condition. This means that the brake will not release properly, causing the equipment to be immobilized or difficult to move.

Should read “Be positioned on the leading end (point) of the movement, or in ADVANCE of the LEADING end of the movement.”

It is the length of the FLAT SPOT that indicates an unsafe condition, and the required action to be taken.

All crewmembers must obtain and carry with them while on duty a 200-degree Fahrenheit Temperature Indication Crayon. This indicates that the crewmembers need to have a crayon that can indicate a temperature of 200 degrees Fahrenheit.

The correct answer for this question is 2 1/2, 2. This means that a train may proceed at normal speed if the flat spot is less than 2 1/2 inches in length or if there are 2 adjoining spots, each less than 2 inches in length. This indicates that flat spots of a certain size are considered safe for the train to continue at normal speed, as long as there are no other defects affecting movement observed.

When the Engineer operates a train from other than the leading end of the movement, a crew member or other qualified employee must provide point protection to ensure the movement is made safely. This means that someone must be stationed at the points to ensure they are in the correct position and to prevent any other trains or vehicles from entering the track while the movement is taking place. This is important to prevent any potential collisions or accidents.

Upon completion of an on-ground inspection, the Conductor or crewmember assigned by the Conductor will stay in the affected car to monitor any change in condition for the duration of the trip. This means that the statement is true, as it accurately describes the protocol for train inspection and monitoring.

The statement is true because train brakes must be fully released when approaching a hot journal scanner. This is because the scanner needs to detect any hot spots on the train's journal bearings, and if the brakes are applied, it can interfere with the accuracy of the scan. Additionally, no brake application should be made while any portion of the train is passing a scanner to ensure that the scanner can properly detect any issues with the train's brakes.

If a flat spot is found that exceeds either of the dimensional limitations in Rule 71 a., but is less than 4 inches, and no other defect is observed, two actions must be taken. First, the speed must not exceed 10 MPH. Second, a report must be made promptly to the Dispatcher or Operator.

The correct answer is "Stop-Tank Car Connected". This sign indicates that tank cars are connected for loading or unloading and must not be moved or coupled to. It also states that other cars should not be placed on the same track obstructing the view of this sign without notifying the person in charge. If such obstruction occurs, the person in charge must immediately relocate the sign to ensure proper protection and an unobstructed view.

When a train is permitted to leave a switch in the reverse position, the Dispatcher must make a record of it. This record should be made in red ink. Additionally, where possible, blocking devices should be applied to interlocking or controlled point signals to authorize movement in the direction of the switch left in reverse position.

The correct answer is "number, time". In order to notify the Dispatcher about returning the switch to the normal position, the following information needs to be recorded: the number of the Form D that contained the instruction to return to normal position, and the time at which the switch was returned to normal position. The name of the employee who restored the switch to normal position is not mentioned in the given information.

The responsibilities of employees in this scenario involve calling signals on push-pull trains. Rule 94b applies to push-pull trains that do not have cab signals in service for the direction of movement. This rule specifically applies when these trains are operating in territory where the maximum speed of trains exceeds 30 MPH.

When occupying the leading engine or car of a train, employees are relieved from complying with the requirements of Rule 94. However, they must still pay strict attention to the catenary or track structure.

The correct answer is 13. This answer is derived from the last statement in the given passage which states that the train crew is authorized by Form D line to leave the switch in reverse position at a specific location. This implies that leaving the switch in reverse position is allowed under certain circumstances, and option 13 is the only option that mentions leaving the switch in reverse position. Therefore, option 13 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "adjacent." In the given passage, it is mentioned that when pivoted machinery is moved in work trains, stops must be in use to prevent fouling adjacent tracks. Additionally, the boom must be securely anchored with the center pin in place, and the crane operator must be in the cab while train movements are being made on any adjacent track. Therefore, the word "adjacent" is the appropriate answer as it is directly related to the precautions to be taken when moving pivoted machinery in work trains.

The employee directing the movement must promptly communicate signals and instructions necessary to safely control the movement. If signals from the crew member cannot be received by the Engineer, the movement must be stopped immediately. This ensures that there is clear communication between the employee and the engineer, and if there is a failure in communication, it is important to stop the movement to prevent any potential accidents or hazards.

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Crewmembers are not required to acknowledge the detector radio message. This means that when the train inspection detectors send a message to the crewmembers, they do not need to respond or acknowledge receiving the message. Therefore, the statement is true.

This statement is true because the rule regarding the failure of the Dead Man or Alerter feature en route only applies to movements on main tracks and controlled sidings. It does not apply to movements on any other tracks.

Should be “Door INSECURELY attached.”

The improper display of headlights, markers and auxiliary lights must be reported to the train and the DISPATCHER.

The reverser lever is removed from all control stands on all units of the engine. If the reverser lever is not removable, it must be locked in the NEUTRAL position.

Public highway-rail grade crossings, private highway-rail grade
crossings outside a yard, and yard access crossings ARE protected.

The correct answer is "10,10 MPH". This means that once the necessary actions have been taken, the train can move over the bridge or trestle at a maximum speed of 10 miles per hour. If the engineer faces any issues or excessive amperage when starting the movement, they must stop and investigate the cause before proceeding.

Ensure that when not in use, derails are LOCKED, HOOKED, OR LATCHED IN the normal position, if so equipped.

Hand-operated crossover switches in yards are equipped with orange colored switch levers for identification purposes. This color is likely chosen because it stands out and is easily distinguishable from other colors commonly used for switch levers, such as red, yellow, and green. The use of orange helps ensure that the switch levers can be quickly and accurately identified by yard operators, reducing the risk of confusion or errors when operating the switches.

When cars or drafts of cars are left standing on any track, a sufficient number of hand brakes must be applied to make them secure. Additionally, if necessary, the car wheels must be blocked. Therefore, the correct answer is "sufficient, blocked" or "sufficient; blocked" or "sufficient blocked".

Employees must not rely on the "Hand Brake Applied" light to determine the status of hand brakes. They will ensure that all hand brakes are released before moving equipment.

Brake that fails to RELEASE.

All interlocking switches that are lever operated ARE dual controlled switches.

When a wayside signal affecting the movement of the train displays an Approach, Medium Approach, Slow Approach, Restricting, or Stop and Proceed aspect, the Engineer must verbally communicate to a qualified employee on the engine or train the name and location of each signal, as soon as the signal is clearly visible. In multiple track territory, the Engineer must also include the track number.

If the qualified employee fails to repeat the required signal information, the Engineer DETERMINE THE REASON AT THE NEXT STATION STOP.

Passenger trains operating with Form D line 2 authority in non-signaled DCS territory may operate at Normal Speed. Additionally, trains operating in ABS territory may operate according to signal indication when the signal is more favorable than Approach, but must be prepared to stop at the next signal within yard limits. However, movements against the current of traffic within yard limits require permission from the Dispatcher, who must ensure that no opposing movements have been authorized. Therefore, the statement is true.

Should read: Standing on a main track fouling a siding track switch that is lined for the MAIN track.

Crew members must frequently observe both sides of their train while MOVING, looking for hand signals and other indications of defects in train and track, ESPECIALLY AT CURVES.

The maximum number of defects a detector can transmit is 6.

The switches of a crossover must be in corresponding position before either crossover switch is used, except when one crew is using BOTH TRACKS connected by the crossover.

Employees must be familiar with the LOCATION of derails. Movements must not be made over a derail in the DERAILING position.

When switching passenger equipment or occupied camp cars, the engine or cars MUST NOT BE DETACHED UNTIL THE EQUIPMENT IS STOPPED.

When the detector system is properly operating, the detector will transmit the status of its integrity ONCE.

When there is a system integrity failure, the message will include the words “Integrity failure,” and the message will be transmitted TWICE.

A crew member must be stationed on the LEADING end of the return movement to protect against the detached portion of the train.

The correct answer is "Cracked wheel" because if a cracked wheel is observed during the inspection of moving trains, it is a defect that needs to be addressed and the train should be notified and stopped.

The correct answer is "Verbal confirmation from the Conductor." The explanation for this is that trains operating on tracks where passengers are received and discharged must approach the station prepared to stop. The Engineer must visually observe and receive verbal confirmation from the Dispatcher to ensure that no passenger train is occupying the station. However, the Conductor's verbal confirmation alone is not sufficient for determining if the station is occupied by a passenger train.

Operate “Hand Throw” lever until mechanism ENGAGES and switch points move with the lever, then operate switch to desired position. This procedure must be followed, even if switch was originally in desired position.

When a train is stopped after receiving an indication that A Hot journal has been detected in the train, under no Circumstances will further movement be made until an inspection of the suspected car has been made. Movement of the train for the purpose of making a “roll by” inspection is PROHIBITED.

The correct answer is "observed conditions ahead". This is because the job briefing must include the distance to be traveled, the means of communication to be used, each individual's responsibilities, and how point protection will be provided. However, the observed conditions ahead are not required to be included in the job briefing.

When operating a locomotive with the long hood forward, it is necessary for a member of the crew who is qualified on the NORAC RULES to be positioned in order to communicate signals and relay information to the Engineer. This implies that the NORAC RULES contain specific instructions and guidelines that need to be followed when operating the locomotive in this particular configuration. Therefore, it is important for someone knowledgeable in NORAC RULES to be present to ensure safe and efficient operation of the locomotive.

The correct answer is 30. This means that the Dispatcher may authorize movement with the boom end forward at a speed of 30 MPH or less. It is important to ensure that all locking pins and hold-downs are secured in position during this movement.

Before a train or a train crew leaves the location where any hand-operated main track switch was operated, all crewmembers must verbally confirm the position of the switch. This ensures that everyone is aware of the switch's position and helps prevent any potential accidents or disruptions to the train's route. Visual confirmation may not be sufficient as it can be easily overlooked or misunderstood, whereas verbal confirmation ensures clear communication among all crewmembers.

The correct answer is B. The dispatcher or operator must not give a train assurance of protection until it has determined that no train is standing at the station adjacent to the track. This is important to ensure the safety of passengers and prevent any potential collisions or accidents.

The incorrect statement is "When one crew is using either track connected by the crossover during a continuous switching operation." This means that it is not necessary to keep the switches in correspondence when one crew is using either track connected by the crossover during a continuous switching operation.

Conduct a job briefing BEFORE WORK IS BEGUN, each time a work plan is changed, AND AT COMPLETION OF WORK;

The Dispatcher must REPEAT the reported switch position information;

Running switches should be avoided to a track within a yard. This is because a yard is a designated area for storing and classifying cars, and running switches within a yard can cause congestion and disrupt the organization of the yard. It is safer and more efficient to make such moves to tracks outside of the yard.

The train may continue to the next station stop at NORMAL SPEED where the train must be visually inspected for signs of a defect.

The correct answer is NORAC Rule 104(g). This rule specifies that before the Dispatcher or Operator gives permission to pass the Stop Signal, the switch must be properly lined by hand operation. This means that the switch must be set in the correct position manually before proceeding.

The boom end of rotary or swinging type machinery must be secured in the TRAILING position during movement in revenue freight trains.

Trains must not be operated in excess of the maximum AUTHORIZED speed.

The correct answer is "Maintenance, testing or inspection of crossover switches is being performed in Form D (DCS) territory." This statement is incorrect because according to the given information, crossover switches must be left in corresponding position after use, except for the mentioned exceptions. Therefore, maintenance, testing, or inspection of crossover switches should not be performed in Form D (DCS) territory.

When equipment has entered a track, the hand-operated switch to that track must not be operated until the equipment has PASSED the fouling point of the track.

The correct answer is 30 MPH. When operating a train from other than the leading end, point protection must be provided to ensure the safety of highway-rail grade crossings. This can be done by visually determining that crossing gates are fully lowered and not malfunctioning, or by having a designated and qualified employee stationed at the crossing who can communicate with trains. However, if the crossing is equipped only with flashing lights or X-bucks and it is clearly seen that no traffic is approaching or stopped at the crossing, the train can proceed over the crossing as long as its speed does not exceed 30 MPH.

If the “Dead Man” or “Alerter” feature fails en route, AN EMPLOYEE must immediately take position in the operating control compartment with the Engineer.

When moving push-pull equipment or engines, the Engineer must operate from the leading end of the engine, or from the first operable car in the DIRECTION of movement, except when switching, or when a yarding movement is being performed.

The correct answer is "sound the bell when required". The other statements are all correct procedures for the Engineer to follow when operating from other than the leading end.

When the train reaches its next turnaround point or the engine undergoes its next calendar day inspection, whichever occurs first, the dead man or alerter shall be repaired or the engine shall be removed AS THE CONTROLLING ENGINE IN THE TRAIN.

When operating a train from other than the leading end, the train must be prepared to stop and not pass over a pedestrian crossing within a passenger station or outside a yard until it is determined that the crossing is clear of pedestrian traffic. The train must not exceed 20 MPH until the entire pedestrian crossing is occupied. This speed limit ensures the safety of pedestrians crossing the tracks and allows the train to stop if necessary.

If flat spots are found NORAC RULE 71 will govern.

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