Surgery 171-200 Trivia Quiz

The correct answer is "ღია, დახურული, სარქვლოვანი" (open, closed, semi-closed). This is because these are the types of pneumothorax, which is a condition where air gets into the space between the lungs and the chest wall. An open pneumothorax occurs when there is a hole in the chest wall, a closed pneumothorax occurs when there is no hole in the chest wall, and a semi-closed pneumothorax is a combination of both.

The question asks about the possible surgical approaches to the heart valve. The correct answer states that the extrapericardial and transpericardial approaches are possible. This means that the surgery can be performed either outside or through the pericardium, which is the sac that surrounds the heart. The other options mentioned, such as transapical and only transpericardial, are not correct because they do not encompass all the possible approaches.

The correct answer is "ატრავმული ნემსით" which means "with a magnetic needle" in English. This answer suggests that the heart's palpitations are measured using a magnetic needle, indicating that some kind of magnetic device or instrument is used to detect and measure the heart's activity.

The correct answer is "არ უნდა აღემატებოდეს 1 ლიტრს". This is because the question asks for the amount of liquid to be taken during a pleural puncture, and the correct answer states that 1 liter should not be added.

The passage suggests that to extract the root of a plant, we should remove the small parts gradually and slowly, rather than removing the entire root at once. This method is considered to be more effective and less damaging to the plant.

The correct answer is "ღია და სარქვლოვანი" which means "open and ventilated" in English. This answer suggests that during the operation of a pneumatic drill, there are significant changes in air pressure, resulting in the need for an open and ventilated environment to prevent any potential hazards or discomfort caused by the high-pressure air.

In order to prevent pleuro-pulmonary shock, a vagosympathetic block is performed. This procedure involves blocking the vagus nerve, which is responsible for regulating the parasympathetic nervous system. By blocking this nerve, the parasympathetic response is reduced, which can help prevent the development of pleuro-pulmonary shock.

The explanation for the given answer is that the cardiac plexus, located on the surface of the heart, is responsible for regulating the heartbeat. It consists of both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sympathetic nerves increase the heart rate and force of contraction, while the parasympathetic nerves decrease the heart rate. Therefore, damage to the cardiac plexus can disrupt the normal regulation of the heartbeat.

The correct answer is 0.5 სმ because the question asks for the difference between the distances of two points on a line. The given options are the possible differences in centimeters. Since 0.5 სმ is the smallest value among the options, it is the correct answer.

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The correct answer is a combination of four different structures that can be found in the I ring of the trachea during inspiration. These structures are the paries membranaceus, the submucosa of the trachea, the cartilage rings, and the annular ligaments. These structures provide support and maintain the patency of the trachea during breathing.

The question is asking about the direction of the "typical" thoracotomy incision on the anterior surface. The correct answer states that the incision starts from the parasternal line in either the fourth or fifth intercostal space and extends posteriorly. This is a commonly used incision technique for accessing the thoracic cavity.

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The correct answer is "გადაუდებელი, სასწრაფო და გეგმიური" (unpredictable, fast and strategic). This answer is supported by the given options, which describe different characteristics of the chosen option. The option "გადაუდებელი" (unpredictable) suggests that the chosen option involves unexpected or surprising elements. The option "სასწრაფო" (fast) indicates that the chosen option requires quick decision-making or action. Finally, the option "გეგმიური" (strategic) suggests that the chosen option involves thoughtful planning or strategy.

The correct answer is "ავადმყოფი ზის, ხელი პუნქციის მხარეზე აწეული აქვს". This means that the baby is lying on their stomach with their hand on the cheek.

The question asks for the correct approach to be taken during the initial cardiac surgery. The answer states that the approach should be guided by the patient's condition, and does not have a specific value or significance. This means that the approach should be determined based on the individual patient's needs and circumstances, rather than following a predetermined guideline.

In the given options, the only choice that represents a period of time in Roman numerals is "VII ან VIII ნეკნთაშუა სივრცეში" which translates to "7 or 8 centuries". The other options either represent individual numbers or do not indicate a specific period of time. Therefore, the correct answer is "VII ან VIII ნეკნთაშუა სივრცეში".

The correct answer is "მახვილისებრ მორჩსა და მარცხენა VII ნეკნის ხრტილს შორის მდებარე კუთხეში". This means that the heart is located between the left atrium and the mitral valve in the left ventricle.

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The correct answer is "მკერდის დიდ და ზურგის უგანიერეს კუნთებს" which translates to "the large and small valves of the heart". This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the type of valves that are used to close the defect in the upper part of the heart.

The correct answer is "ნეკნის ზედა კიდეზე" because the question is asking about the location of the sneeze in the body. "ნეკნის ზედა კიდეზე" translates to "on the upper side of the nose" which is where a sneeze typically occurs. The other options, "ყველა ზემოთ ჩამოთვლილ ადგილას", "ნეკნებს შორის", and "ნეკნის ქვედა კიდეზე", do not accurately describe the location of a sneeze.

During a neck examination, the examiner palpates the lymph nodes. The correct answer states "Horizontally". This means that the examiner should palpate the lymph nodes in a horizontal direction.

All the answers are correct.

First, the air passes through the filter's inlet. Then, it goes through the bronchus and finally the filter's outlet. After that, the air passes through the bronchus and the veins together, and then the bronchus is processed. Finally, the veins are processed, followed by the bronchus, and lastly the filter's outlet.

The correct answer states that during expiration, the transition from the inspiratory phase to the expiratory phase occurs between the third and fifth intercostal space. This means that the change from inhalation to exhalation happens in the area between the third and fifth rib spaces.

The correct answer is "ნეკნის რეზექცია კეთდება სუბპერიოსტულად" (Necrosis occurs superiosteally). This means that necrosis happens on the surface of the bone.

The answer suggests that the optimal surgical approach for the resection of the lower part of the mill is from the VI-VII intercostal space on the left side. This means that the surgeon should access the mill from the left side, between the sixth and seventh ribs, in order to perform the resection. The other options mentioned are not considered to be the most favorable approaches for this particular procedure.

During the contraction of the heart, blood is pumped out of the ventricles into the arteries. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation, while the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary circulation. The left ventricle is located on the left side of the heart, and the right ventricle is located on the right side. Therefore, the correct answer is that the contraction of the heart occurs in the left ventricle or the right ventricle.

The answer states that the most dangerous approach is to pass through the V-VI intervertebral space from the right side. This suggests that passing through this particular intervertebral space carries a higher risk compared to the other options mentioned. However, without further context or information, it is not possible to provide a more detailed explanation.

During open-heart surgery, an extracorporeal bypass can be performed. This involves redirecting blood flow away from the heart and lungs to a heart-lung machine, which takes over the functions of the heart and lungs temporarily. This allows the surgeon to operate on the heart without the risk of blood flow interfering with the procedure. The answer "გასწვრივი სტერნოტომიით" means "with a midline sternotomy" in English. A midline sternotomy is a surgical incision made in the sternum (breastbone) to access the heart during open-heart surgery.