Filarial Nematodes Trivia Quiz!
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia microfilariae have a diurnal periodicity.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
They have a nocturnal periodicity from 10pm to 2 am.Rate this question:
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- 2.
If an unsheathed microfilariae that is 250 - 300 microns long (big at x100) has nuclei that don't go to its tail tip it is:
- A.
Mansonella Ozzardi
- B.
Onchocerca volvulus
- C.
Brugia malayi
- D.
Wuchereria bancrofti
Correct Answer
B. Onchocerca volvulusExplanation
If an unsheathed microfilariae that is 250 - 300 microns long (big at x100) has nuclei that don't go to its tail tip, it is likely to be Onchocerca volvulus. This is because Onchocerca volvulus is known to have microfilariae with nuclei that do not extend to the tail tip. The other options, Mansonella Ozzardi, Brugia malayi, and Wuchereria bancrofti, do not exhibit this characteristic.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The L1 larvae of W.bancrofti and B.malayi develop to L3 larvae in the...
- A.
Human blood
- B.
Midgut of the mosquito vector
- C.
Thoracic muscles of the mosquito vector
- D.
Human lymphatics
Correct Answer
C. Thoracic muscles of the mosquito vectorExplanation
The L1 larvae of W.bancrofti and B.malayi develop to L3 larvae in the thoracic muscles of the mosquito vector. This is the location where the larvae undergo their final development before being transmitted back to humans through mosquito bites. The thoracic muscles provide a suitable environment for the larvae to mature and prepare for their next stage of development. Once the mosquitoes bite humans, the L3 larvae are injected into the bloodstream, where they can then migrate to the lymphatic system and cause lymphatic filariasis.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Pulmonary tropical eosinophilia syndrome occurs in Loa loa infection.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It occurs in W.bancrofti and B.malayi infection. Symptoms are nocturnal cough, wheezing, and fever.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis has to occur for how long and in what population percentage to achieve eradication.
- A.
4 - 6 years and 70% population coverage.
- B.
2 - 4 years and 50% population coverage
- C.
4 - 6 years and 90% population coverage
- D.
6-7 years and 80% population coverage
Correct Answer
A. 4 - 6 years and 70% population coverage.Explanation
Mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis needs to occur for a period of 4-6 years and in a population coverage of 70% in order to achieve eradication. This duration allows for repeated treatment cycles to target the entire at-risk population and ensure that all infected individuals receive the necessary medication. The 70% population coverage is necessary to break the transmission cycle of the disease by reducing the number of infected individuals and preventing further spread.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Wuchereria bancrofti is found...
- A.
In Asia
- B.
In Africa
- C.
In Africa, Asia and South America
- D.
In Africa and South America
Correct Answer
C. In Africa, Asia and South AmericaExplanation
Wuchereria bancrofti is a parasitic worm that causes lymphatic filariasis, a disease commonly known as elephantiasis. This disease is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The correct answer states that Wuchereria bancrofti is found in Africa, Asia, and South America, which accurately reflects the geographic distribution of this parasite.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What drug is used to treat lymphatic filariasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti in areas of Africa co-endemic for Onchocerciasis?
- A.
Albendazole
- B.
DEC
- C.
Ivermectin
- D.
Doxycycline
Correct Answer
C. IvermectinExplanation
All of these are used to treat LF, however, Ivermectin is used in areas co-endemic for onchocerciasis as it treats both. It was donated free for this by Merck.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Treatment of Wolbachia with doxycycline causes sterilization of the female worms.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Treatment of Wolbachia with doxycycline causes sterilization of the female worms. This is because doxycycline is an antibiotic that effectively targets and kills the Wolbachia bacteria, which are essential for reproduction in female worms. By eliminating Wolbachia, the female worms become unable to reproduce, resulting in sterilization. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The vector for Onchocerciasis is:
- A.
Anopheles mosquito
- B.
Blackfly
- C.
Culicoides midge
- D.
Chrysops
Correct Answer
B. BlackflyExplanation
The correct answer is Blackfly. Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness, is caused by the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. The blackfly, specifically of the Simulium genus, serves as the vector for this disease. The blackfly bites an infected individual and ingests the microfilariae (larvae) of the parasite. These microfilariae then develop within the blackfly and are transmitted to another individual when the blackfly bites again. Therefore, the blackfly plays a crucial role in the transmission of Onchocerciasis.Rate this question:
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- 10.
These three forms of skin disease may occur in Onchocerciasis.
- A.
Leopard skin depigmentation
- B.
Larval currens
- C.
Sowda
- D.
Lizard skin atrophy
Correct Answer(s)
A. Leopard skin depigmentation
C. Sowda
D. Lizard skin atrophyExplanation
Larval current occurs in Strongyloides infection. Sowda is an unusual form of Oncho that occurs in Yemen.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The Mazotti test involves giving DEC to patients with Onchocerciasis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
This test causes pruritus in Onchocerciasis patients when given DEC.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Onchocercoma nodules occur mainly...
- A.
Around the eyes
- B.
On the hands
- C.
Over bony prominences
- D.
On the legs
Correct Answer
C. Over bony prominencesExplanation
Onchocercoma nodules occur mainly over bony prominences. These nodules are caused by the parasitic infection known as onchocerciasis, or river blindness. The adult worms of the parasite Onchocerca volvulus live in the subcutaneous tissues, and the nodules form as a result of the body's immune response to the presence of the worms. Bony prominences, such as the elbows, knees, and hips, provide a suitable environment for the development of these nodules.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Mansonella ozzardi is found in the old world.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is found in the New World.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Mansonella microfilariae are unsheathed.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Mansonella microfilariae are unsheathed, meaning they do not have a protective covering or sheath. This characteristic distinguishes them from other types of microfilariae, which may have a sheath.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following are possible clinical forms of a Mansonella infection.
- A.
Asymptomatic
- B.
Pruritis
- C.
Calabar-like swellings
- D.
Facial oedema
Correct Answer(s)
A. Asymptomatic
B. Pruritis
C. Calabar-like swellingsExplanation
Possible clinical forms of a Mansonella infection include asymptomatic cases, where the individual shows no symptoms of the infection. Pruritis, which refers to intense itching of the skin, can also be a clinical form. Additionally, Calabar-like swellings, characterized by localized painful swellings, can occur in Mansonella infections. Facial edema, or swelling of the face, is not typically associated with Mansonella infections.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following are Mansonella perstans vectors?
- A.
Blackfly
- B.
Chrysops
- C.
Culicoides midge
- D.
Tsetse
Correct Answer
C. Culicoides midgeExplanation
Culicoides midges are known vectors of Mansonella perstans. Mansonella perstans is a parasitic worm that causes a condition known as mansonelliasis in humans. The Culicoides midge is a small biting insect that is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. These midges have been identified as carriers of the Mansonella perstans parasite and play a role in transmitting the infection to humans. Therefore, Culicoides midges are considered to be vectors of Mansonella perstans.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Mansonella streptocerca can be diagnosed with a skin snip.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Streptocerca causes a subcutaneous filariasis, unlike perstans and ozzardi which cause a cavity filariasis.Rate this question:
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- 18.
A microfilaria with a loose sheath, nuclei to its tail tip, bent tail and bigger than 250 microns is
- A.
W.bancrofti
- B.
Loa loa
- C.
M.streptocerca
- D.
O.volvulus
Correct Answer
B. Loa loaExplanation
Loa loa is the correct answer because it is the only microfilaria that possesses all the mentioned characteristics. Loa loa has a loose sheath, nuclei that extend to its tail tip, a bent tail, and a size larger than 250 microns. W.bancrofti, M.streptocerca, and O.volvulus do not exhibit all of these characteristics, making them incorrect choices.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Loa loa microfilariae have a diurnal periodicity
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
10 am - 2 pm.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Mansoni mosquitoes are vectors of Brugia malayi.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Other Brugia vectors are Anopheles and Aedes.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What do patients have to be monitored for when given DEC for Loa loa
- A.
Anaphylaxis
- B.
Heart arrythmias
- C.
Brain inflammation
- D.
They don't have to be monitored
Correct Answer
C. Brain inflammationExplanation
Patients have to be monitored for brain inflammation when given DEC for Loa loa. This is because DEC (diethylcarbamazine) is an antiparasitic medication used to treat Loa loa infection, which is caused by a parasitic worm. Brain inflammation, also known as encephalitis, is a potential side effect of DEC treatment. Monitoring for this complication is important to ensure the safety and well-being of the patient.Rate this question:
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- 22.
An unsheathed micofilaria, small at x100 (less than 250 microns), nuclei to its tail tip and a bent tail is Mansonella perstans
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
If the tail is bent, it is likely to be streptocerca, although this is the only difference.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A calabar swelling is caused by angioedema.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A calabar swelling is indeed caused by angioedema. Angioedema is a condition characterized by swelling beneath the skin, often around the face, lips, and throat. Calabar swelling specifically refers to a localized swelling that is typically painless and can occur in various parts of the body. This swelling is commonly associated with angioedema, which can be caused by allergic reactions, certain medications, or underlying medical conditions. Therefore, the statement "A calabar swelling is caused by angioedema" is true.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is used to treat Mansonella ozzardi?
- A.
DEC
- B.
Single dose of ivermectin
- C.
Albendazole
- D.
Multiple doses of ivermectin
Correct Answer
B. Single dose of ivermectinExplanation
Mansonella ozzardi is a parasitic infection caused by a worm. The most effective treatment for this infection is a single dose of ivermectin. Ivermectin is an antiparasitic medication that works by killing the parasites in the body. It is a safe and effective treatment option for Mansonella ozzardi and has been proven to be successful in eliminating the infection. Other medications like DEC and albendazole may be used for different types of parasitic infections, but they are not specifically indicated for treating Mansonella ozzardi.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Transient punctate keratitis is a clinical manifestation of infection with Brugia.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It is a manifestation of Onchocerciasis. With optic atrophy, it causes blindness.Rate this question:
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Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Dec 05, 2013Quiz Created by
Andrew Blanshard
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