NASM Tutor - Final Exam
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- 1.How many phases are there in the OPT model?
- A.
2
- B.
3
- C.
4
- D.
5
- 2.The fifth phase in the OPT model is...
- A.
Stabilization
- B.
Hyperthrophy
- C.
Power
- D.
Strength
- 3.A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility and a lack of core and joint stability.
- A.
Reconditioned
- B.
Deconditioned
- C.
Unconditioned
- D.
Nonconditioned
- 4.An unstable (yet conrollable) physical situation in which exercises are performed that causes the body to use it's internal balance and stabilization.
- A.
Health spa
- B.
Public park
- C.
Proprioceptively enriched environment
- D.
Any flat surface in a fitness center
- 5.The muscle that acts as the initial and main source of motive power
- A.
Quadriceps
- B.
Bicep
- C.
Synergist
- D.
Prime mover
- 6.Set of two exercises that are performed back to back without any rest between them.
- A.
Superset
- B.
Double sets
- C.
Pyramiding
- D.
Trisetting
- 7.The ability of the neuromuscular system to enable all muscles to efficiently work together in all planes of motion.
- A.
Proprioception
- B.
Neuromuscular transmission
- C.
Neuromuscular efficiency
- D.
Muscular endurance
- 8.The three building blocks of the Optimum Performance Training model is...
- A.
Stabilization, endurance, power
- B.
Stabilization, strength, power
- C.
Balance, power, strength
- D.
Strength, stability, balance
- 9.Composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
- A.
Central nervous system
- B.
Peripheral nervous system
- C.
Muscular system
- D.
Skeletal system
- 10.The ability of the nervous system to analyae and interpret sensory information to allow for proper decision making, which produces the appropriate response.
- A.
Sensory function
- B.
Motor function
- C.
Kinetic chain
- D.
Integrative function
- 11.The combination and interrelation of the nervous, muscular and skeletal system.
- A.
Peripheral nervous system
- B.
Mechanoreceptors
- C.
Kinetic chain
- D.
Interneurons
- 12.Transmit nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to the effector sites.
- A.
Motor (efferent) neurons
- B.
Motor function
- C.
Motor unit
- D.
Mechanoreceptors
- 13.The neuromuscular response to the sensory information.
- A.
Sensory function
- B.
Motor function
- C.
Integrative function
- D.
Nervous system
- 14.The functional unit of the nervous system.
- A.
Sarcomere
- B.
Tendons
- C.
Bones
- D.
Neuron
- 15.The communication network within the body.
- A.
Muscular system
- B.
Nervous system
- C.
Skeletal system
- D.
Interneurons
- 16.Transmit nerve impulses from effector sites to the brain or spinal cord.
- A.
Sensory (afferent) neurons
- B.
Interneurons
- C.
Blood vessels
- D.
Motor (efferent) neurons
- 17.Transmit nerve impulses from one neuron to another.
- A.
Motor neurons
- B.
Outerneurons
- C.
Bi-neurons
- D.
Interneurons
- 18.Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body.
- A.
Central nervous system
- B.
Peripheral nervous system
- C.
Nervous system
- D.
Muscular system
- 19.Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues.
- A.
Biomechanics
- B.
Mechanorecptors
- C.
Joint receptors
- D.
Muscle spindles
- 20.Receptors sensitive to change in tension of the muscle and the rate of that change.
- A.
Muscle spindles
- B.
Golgi tendon organs
- C.
Mechanoreptors
- D.
Joint receptors
- 21.Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change
- A.
Interneurons
- B.
Mechanorecptors
- C.
Golgi tendon organs
- D.
Muscle spindle
- 22.Receptors that respond to pressure, acceleration and deceleration in the joint.
- A.
Joint receptors
- B.
Muscle spindles
- C.
Mechanorecptors
- D.
Biomechanics
- 23.The body's framework, composed of bones and joints.
- A.
Muscular system
- B.
Nervous system
- C.
Central nervous system
- D.
Skeletal system
- 24.Provide a resting ground for muscles and protection of vital organs.
- A.
Joints
- B.
Bones
- C.
Interneurons
- D.
Depressions
- 25.The movable junction where two or more bones meet.
- A.
Joints
- B.
Tendons
- C.
Ligaments
- D.
Bones
- 26.Portion of the skeletal sysem that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column.
- A.
Appendicular skeleton
- B.
Axial skeleton
- C.
Skeletal system
- D.
Arthrokinematics
- 27.Flattened or indented portion of bone which can be a muscle attachment site.
- A.
Process
- B.
Arthrokinematics
- C.
Depressions
- D.
Joints
- 28.Portion of the skeletal system that includes the upper and lower extremities.
- A.
Appendicular skeleton
- B.
Axial skeleton
- C.
Arthrokinematics
- D.
Rib cage
- 29.Projections protruding from the bone where muscles, tendons and ligament can attach.
- A.
Depression
- B.
Bone fragments
- C.
Joints
- D.
Process
- 30.Joint motion.
- A.
Flexibility
- B.
Arthrokinematics
- C.
Biomechanics
- D.
Mechanorecptors
- 31.Joints that are held together by a joint capsule and ligaments and are most associated with movement in the body.
- A.
Synovial joints
- B.
Nonsynovial joints
- C.
Bone extensions
- D.
Depressions
- 32.Series of muscles that moves the skeletons
- A.
Tropomyosin
- B.
Muscular system
- C.
Nervous system
- D.
Latissimus dorsi
- 33.Joints that do not have a joint cavity, connective tissue or cartilage.
- A.
Synovial joints
- B.
Nonsynovial joints
- C.
Ligaments
- D.
Tendons
- 34.Primary connective tissue that connects bones together and provides stability, input to the nervous system, guidance and the limitation of improper joint movement.
- A.
Tendons
- B.
Cartilage
- C.
Muscles
- D.
Ligament
- 35.The functional unit of muscle that produces muscular contraction and consists of repeating sections of actin and myosin.
- A.
Sarcomere
- B.
Fascia
- C.
Epimysium
- D.
Tendons
- 36.Connective tissues that attach muscle to bone and provide an anchor for muscles to produce force.
- A.
Ligaments
- B.
Cartilage
- C.
Joints
- D.
Tendons
- 37.Chemical messengers taht cross synapses to transmit electrical impulses from the nerve to the muscle.
- A.
Neurotransmitters
- B.
Mechanorecptors
- C.
Motor unit
- D.
Interneurons
- 38.A motor neuron and all of the muscle fibes it innervates.
- A.
Motor control
- B.
Motor function
- C.
Motor unit
- D.
Interneuron
- 39.The contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation.
- A.
Neural activation
- B.
Neural de-activation
- C.
Neurotransmitters
- D.
Interneurons
- 40.Muscles that assist the prime movers.
- A.
Agonists
- B.
Stabilizers
- C.
Synergists
- D.
Antagonists
- 41.Muscles that support or stabilize the body while the prime movers and the synergist perform the movement patterns.
- A.
Agonist
- B.
Synergists
- C.
Stabilizers
- D.
Antagonist
- 42.Muscles that perform the opposite actions of the prime movers.
- A.
Agonist
- B.
Synergists
- C.
Antagonist
- D.
Stabilizers
- 43.The superior chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and forces it into the ventricles.
- A.
Atrium
- B.
Blood vessel
- C.
Vein
- D.
Arteries
- 44.A system of the body composed of the heart, blood and blood vessels.
- A.
Cardiorespiratory system
- B.
Cardiovascular system
- C.
Respiratory system
- D.
Nervous system
- 45.A hollow muscular organ that pumps a circulation of blood through the body by means of rhythmic contraction.
- A.
Lungs
- B.
Kidneys
- C.
Liver
- D.
Heart
- 46.A system of the body composed of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
- A.
Cardiovascular system
- B.
Cardiorespiratory system
- C.
Respiratory system
- D.
Central nervous system
- 47.The inferior chamber of the heart that receives blood from its corresponding atrium and in turn forces blood into the arteries.
- A.
Ventricle
- B.
Arteries
- C.
Vessels
- D.
Mediastinum
- 48.Fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins, which carries nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body and also rids the body of waste products.
- A.
Sweat
- B.
Urine
- C.
Blood
- D.
Synovial fluid
- 49.Network of hollow tubes that circulates blood throughout the body.
- A.
Veins
- B.
Ventricles
- C.
Arteries
- D.
Blood vessels
- 50.Vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
- A.
Arteries
- B.
Veins
- C.
Atrium
- D.
Ventricles
- 51.Vessels that carry blood from the capillaries toward the heart.
- A.
Veins
- B.
Arteries
- C.
Ventricles
- D.
Blood
- 52.Small terminal branches of an artery which end in capillaries.
- A.
Venules
- B.
Blood vessels
- C.
Veins
- D.
Arterioles
- 53.The smallest blood vessels which connect venules with arterioles.
- A.
Capillaries
- B.
Arteries
- C.
Atrium
- D.
Vessels
- 54.The very small veins that connect capillaries to the larger veins.
- A.
Arterioles
- B.
Venules
- C.
Interneurons
- D.
Arteries
- 55.A system of organs (lungs and respiratory passageways) that collects oxygen from the external environment and transports it to the bloodstream.
- A.
Cardiorespiratory system
- B.
Cardiovascular system
- C.
Respiratory system
- D.
Central nervous system
- 56.The process of actively contracting inspiratory muscles to move air into the body.
- A.
Aspiration
- B.
Expiration
- C.
Inspiration
- D.
Inhalation
- 57.The process of actively or passively relaxing inspiratory muscles to move air out of the body.
- A.
Expiration
- B.
Ventilation
- C.
Exhaling
- D.
Breathing
- 58.Requires oxygen.
- A.
Aerobic
- B.
Anaerobic
- C.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
- D.
Kidneys
- 59.Does not require oxygen.
- A.
Aerobic
- B.
Sprinting
- C.
Swimming
- D.
Anaerobic
- 60.A study that uses principles of physics to quantitatively study how forces interact within a living body.
- A.
Mechanorecptors
- B.
Chemistry
- C.
Biology
- D.
Biomechanics
- 61.Position above a point of reference.
- A.
Proximal
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Superior
- D.
Distal
- 62.Positioned below the point of reference.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Medial
- D.
Proximal
- 63.Position nearest the center of the body or point of reference.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Distal
- D.
Proximal
- 64.Positioned farthest from the center of the body or reference point.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Proximal
- D.
Distal
- 65.On the front of the body.
- A.
Anterior
- B.
Posterior
- C.
Contralateral
- D.
Medial
- 66.On the back of the body.
- A.
Anterior
- B.
Posterior
- C.
Medial
- D.
Distal
- 67.Positioned near the middle of the body.
- A.
Inferior
- B.
Posterior
- C.
Distal
- D.
Medial
- 68.Towards the outside of the body.
- A.
Lateral
- B.
Contralateral
- C.
Ipsilateral
- D.
Distal
- 69.Positioned on the opposite side of the body.
- A.
Anterior
- B.
Posterior
- C.
Contralateral
- D.
Ipsilateral
- 70.Positioned on the same side of the body.
- A.
Medial
- B.
Anterior
- C.
Posterior
- D.
Ipsilateral
- 71.An imaginary bisector that divides the body into left and right halves.
- A.
Sagittal plane
- B.
Transverse plane
- C.
Frontal plane
- D.
Posterior plane
- 72.Bending of a joint...causing the angle to the joint to decrease.
- A.
Extension
- B.
Internal rotation
- C.
External rotation
- D.
Flexion
- 73.The straightening of a joint, causing angle to joint to increase.
- A.
Extension
- B.
Internal rotation
- C.
External rotation
- D.
Flexion
- 74.An imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back halves.
- A.
Sagittal plane
- B.
Frontal plane
- C.
Transverse plane
- D.
Posterior plane
- 75.Movement of a body part away from the middle of the body.
- A.
Adduction
- B.
Abduction
- C.
Lateral
- D.
Ipsilateral
- 76.An imaginary bisector that divides the body into top and bottom halves.
- A.
Frontal plane
- B.
Sagittal plane
- C.
Transverse plane
- D.
Top and bottom plane
- 77.Rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body.
- A.
Transverse plane
- B.
Internal rotation
- C.
External rotation
- D.
Sagittal plane
- 78.Rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body.
- A.
Internal rotation
- B.
External rotation
- C.
Transverse plane
- D.
Sagittal plane
- 79.The lengthening of a muscle.
- A.
Isometric
- B.
Essentric
- C.
Concentric
- D.
Estatic
- 80.A muscle maintaining a certain length.
- A.
Isometric
- B.
Eccentric
- C.
Concentric
- D.
Pronation
- 81.The shortening of a muscle.
- A.
Isometric
- B.
Eccentric
- C.
Concentric
- D.
Inversion
- 82.The sternocleidomastoid is a muscle that is part of...
- A.
Leg
- B.
Back
- C.
Hips
- D.
Neck
- 83.The teres minor is a muscle that is part of the...
- A.
Leg
- B.
Hips
- C.
Rotator cuff
- D.
Arm
- 84.The lavator scapulae is a muscle that is considered part of...
- A.
Shoulder
- B.
Hips
- C.
Legs
- D.
Back
- 85.The quadratus lumborum is a muscle that is considered part of...
- A.
Hips
- B.
Shoulders
- C.
Back
- D.
Legs
- 86.The rectus abdominis (concentrically accelerates the spinal flexion, lateral flexion and rotation is considered part of the...
- A.
Shoulders
- B.
Hips
- C.
Abdominals
- D.
Legs
- 87.The vastus lateralis is considered part of...
- A.
Arms
- B.
Hips
- C.
Quadriceps
- D.
Shoulders
- 88.The bicep femoris (long and short head) is considered part of the...
- A.
Quadriceps
- B.
Arms
- C.
Hips
- D.
Hamstrings
- 89.The peroneus longus is considered part of the...
- A.
Hamstrings
- B.
Hips
- C.
Leg
- D.
Arms
- 90.The posterior and anterior tibialis is considered part of the...
- A.
Hip flexors
- B.
Lower leg
- C.
Quadriceps
- D.
Shoulders
- 91.The gastrocnemius is considered part of the...
- A.
Stomach
- B.
Buttock
- C.
Lower leg
- D.
Quadriceps
- 92.The psoas is considered part of the...
- A.
Hips
- B.
Shoulders
- C.
Arms
- D.
Legs
- 93.The tensor fascia latae (TFL) is considered part of the...
- A.
Quadriceps
- B.
Hips
- C.
Legs
- D.
Abdominals
- 94.The lower, middle and upper trapizius muscles are considered part of...
- A.
Back
- B.
Shoulders
- C.
Neck
- D.
Hips
- 95.The rhomboids are muscles that considered part of the...
- A.
Hips
- B.
Back
- C.
Shoulders
- D.
Stomach
- 96.The humerus is a bone that is part of the...
- A.
Leg
- B.
Hips
- C.
Arm
- D.
Pelvis
- 97.The femur is a bone in the...
- A.
Lower leg
- B.
Forearm
- C.
Thigh
- D.
Neck
- 98.The radius is a bone that is in...
- A.
Upper arm
- B.
Forearm
- C.
Upper leg
- D.
Lower leg
- 99.The patella is a bone that is...
- A.
In the neck
- B.
Elbow
- C.
Knee
- D.
Foot
- 100.The length at which a muscle can produce the greatest force.
- A.
Force-couple
- B.
Length-tension relationship
- C.
Force-velocity curve
- D.
Rotary motion
- 101.Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around the joint.
- A.
Length-tension relationship
- B.
Force-velocity
- C.
Force-couple
- D.
Torque
- 102.The study of posture and movements and the involved structures and mechanisms that the central nervous system uses to assimilate and integrate sensory information with previous experiences.
- A.
Biomechanics
- B.
Physiology
- C.
Motor control
- D.
Synergies
- 103.The cooperation of the nervous and muscular system in gathering information, interpreting and executing movement.
- A.
Sensorimotor integration
- B.
Motor control
- C.
Synergies
- D.
Feedback
- 104.The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense position and limb movements.
- A.
Motor control
- B.
Synergies
- C.
Proprioception
- D.
Sensorimotor integration
- 105.The process of the body responding to internal and external stimuli.
- A.
Motor behavior
- B.
Motor control
- C.
Sensory behavior
- D.
Sensory control
- 106.Repeated practice of motor control processes which lead to a change in the ability to produce complex movements.
- A.
External feed back
- B.
Feedback
- C.
Motor learning
- D.
Knowledge of performance
- 107.The process whereby sensory information is used by the body to reactively monitor movement and the environment.
- A.
External feedback
- B.
Internal feedback
- C.
Motor learning
- D.
Knowledge of results
- 108.Information provide by some external source such as a health and fitness professional, videotape, mirror of heart rate monitor to supplement internal environment.
- A.
Motor learning
- B.
Internal feedback
- C.
External feedback
- D.
Knowledge of perfomance
- 109.A systematic problem-solving method that provides the health and fitness professional with a basis for making educated decisions about exercise and acute variable selection.
- A.
Objective assessment
- B.
Subjective assessment
- C.
Fitness assessment
- D.
Subjective information
- 110.Measuring data about a client's physical state such as body composition, movement and cardiovascular ability.
- A.
Subjective information
- B.
Objective information
- C.
Feedback
- D.
Physiological assessment
- 111.Blood pressure 130/85 is considered
- A.
Normal
- B.
Prehypertension
- C.
Stage 1 hypertension
- D.
Stage 2 hypertension
- 112.When making a circumference measurement of the thigh...
- A.
Measure just above the knee
- B.
Measure at the thickest part of the thigh
- C.
Measure 10 inches above the top of the patella for standardization
- D.
Measure 2 inches below the hip
- 113.Skin-fold calipers, bioelectrical impedance and underwater weighing are all methods of...
- A.
BMI
- B.
Blood pressure testing
- C.
Body fat meaurements
- D.
Measuring bone density
- 114.BMI of 25 - 30 is considered...
- A.
Severe
- B.
Moderate
- C.
Mild
- D.
Normal
- 115.These tests is designed to estimate a cardiovascular starting point.
- A.
Rockport walk test and three-minute step test
- B.
Davies Test
- C.
Shark skill test
- D.
Body Mass Index (BMI)
- 116.The alignemt and function of all components of the kinetic chain at any given moment.
- A.
Structural efficiency
- B.
Functional efficiency
- C.
Posture
- D.
Neuromuscular efficency
- 117.The alignment of the musculoskeletal system that allows our center of gravity to be maintained over our base of support.
- A.
Posture
- B.
Structural efficiency
- C.
Postural equilibrium
- D.
Functional strength
- 118.The ability of the neuromuscalar system to monitor and manipulate movement during functional tasks using the least amount of energy, creating the least amount of stress on the kinetic chain.
- A.
Posture
- B.
Structural efficiency
- C.
Functional efficiency
- D.
Postural equilibrium
- 119.Maintaining a state of balance in the alignment of the kinetic chain.
- A.
Structural efficiency
- B.
Postural equilibrium
- C.
Neuromuscular efficiency
- D.
Functional efficiency
- 120.The ability of the nervous system to communicate effectively with the muscular system.
- A.
Neuromuscular efficiency
- B.
Functional strength
- C.
Biomechanics
- D.
Mechanoreceptors
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