(Mvctc Ae Medical Coding & Billing) Medical Terminology II Final Review

Explanation
Sodium is an example of an electrolyte because it is a positively charged ion that can conduct electricity when dissolved in a solution. Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions in water, allowing them to carry an electric current. Sodium is commonly found in the form of sodium ions (Na+) in the body and is essential for various physiological processes such as nerve and muscle function, fluid balance, and pH regulation.

Explanation
An intravenous pyelogram (IVP) is an x-ray procedure that involves injecting a contrast dye into a vein to visualize the renal pelvis and urinary tract. This procedure helps to identify any abnormalities or blockages in the urinary system. A retrograde pyelogram (RP) is a different procedure that involves injecting dye directly into the ureter. A venogram is an x-ray of the veins, typically used to diagnose blood clotting disorders. An intravenous cholangiogram (IVC) is an x-ray of the bile ducts, not the renal pelvis and urinary tract. Therefore, the correct answer is Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP).

Explanation
The fibula is the smaller bone of the two leg bones. It is located on the outer side of the lower leg and runs parallel to the larger bone, the tibia. The fibula provides support and stability to the leg, but its main function is to serve as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments. It plays a role in the movement of the ankle and helps to distribute body weight across the leg.

Explanation
The term "subungual" refers to something that is located under the finger or toenail. It is derived from the Latin words "sub" meaning under and "unguis" meaning nail. Therefore, "subungual" is the correct answer as it specifically describes the location under the nail, while the other options do not pertain to this specific anatomical area.

Explanation
Vasodilation is the correct answer because it refers to the widening of blood vessels. When blood vessels dilate, their diameter increases, allowing for increased blood flow. This process is important in regulating blood pressure and ensuring adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to tissues.

Explanation
A break in the continuity of the skin, often referred to as a bed sore, is known as a decubitis ulcer. This condition occurs when prolonged pressure on the skin causes damage to the underlying tissues. It is commonly seen in individuals who are bedridden or have limited mobility, as constant pressure on certain areas of the body can lead to the development of these ulcers. Prompt treatment and prevention measures are essential to avoid complications and promote healing.

Explanation
Conjunctivitis is commonly referred to as pinkeye. It is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the thin, clear tissue that lines the inside of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. This condition can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection, allergies, or irritants. It is characterized by redness, itching, tearing, and discharge from the eye. Conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can easily spread from person to person. Treatment usually involves using eye drops or ointments to relieve symptoms and prevent the spread of infection.

Explanation
Talipes is the correct answer because it is a medical term used to describe a condition commonly known as clubfoot. Clubfoot is a congenital deformity where the foot is twisted or turned inward. This condition can affect one or both feet and is usually present at birth. Talipes is characterized by the abnormal positioning of the foot joints and muscles, causing difficulties in walking and mobility. It is important to diagnose and treat talipes early in order to prevent long-term complications and improve the child's quality of life.

Explanation
Laminectomy is the correct answer because it is the surgical procedure performed to relieve the symptoms of a slipped disk. In this procedure, a portion of the lamina, which is the bony arch of the vertebra, is removed to create more space and alleviate pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. This helps to reduce pain, numbness, and other symptoms associated with a slipped disk. Patellapexy, arthroscopy, and myeloplasty are not relevant procedures for treating a slipped disk.

Explanation
Hemoptysis refers to the coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract and lungs. It is commonly caused by conditions such as bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, and lung cancer. The blood may come from the lungs, bronchi, or trachea, and can range from small streaks to large amounts. It is important to seek medical attention if experiencing hemoptysis, as it can be a symptom of a serious underlying condition. Hyperemesis, pneumohemosis, hematemesis, and hemolysis are not related to the coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract and lungs.