Cardiovascular System | Coronary Artery Disease & Hypertension NCLEX Quiz 7
All questions are shown, but the results will only be given after you’ve finished the quiz. You are given 1 minute per question, a total of 10 minutes in this quiz.
- 1.
To evaluate a client’s condition following cardiac catheterization. the nurse will palpate the pulse:
- A.
In all extremities
- B.
At the insertion site
- C.
Distal to the catheter insertion
- D.
Above the catheter insertion
Correct Answer
C. Distal to the catheter insertionExplanation
Palpating pulses distal to the insertion site is important to evaluate for thrombophlebitis and vessel occlusion. They should be bilateral and strong.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A client’s physician orders nuclear cardiography and makes an appointment for a thallium scan. The purpose of injecting radioisotope into the bloodstream is to detect:
- A.
Normal vs. abnormal tissue
- B.
Damage in areas of the heart
- C.
Ventricular function
- D.
Myocardial scarring and perfusion
Correct Answer
D. Myocardial scarring and perfusionExplanation
This scan detects myocardial damage and perfusion. an acute or chronic MI.Option D: Specific ventricular function is tested by a gated cardiac blood pool scan.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A client enters the ER complaining of severe chest pain. A myocardial infarction is suspected. A 12 lead ECG appears normal. but the doctor admits the client for further testing until cardiac enzyme studies are returned. All of the following will be included in the nursing care plan. Which activity has the highest priority?
- A.
Monitoring vital signs
- B.
Completing a physical assessment
- C.
Maintaining cardiac monitoring
- D.
Maintaining at least one IV access site
Correct Answer
C. Maintaining cardiac monitoringExplanation
Even though initial tests seem to be within normal range. it takes at least 3 hours for the cardiac enzyme studies to register. In the meantime. the client needs to be watched for bradycardia. heart block. ventricular irritability. and other arrhythmias. Other activities can be accomplished by the MI monitoring.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A client is experiencing tachycardia. The nurse’s understanding of the physiological basis for this symptom is explained by which of the following statements?
- A.
The demand for oxygen is decreased because of pleural involvement
- B.
The inflammatory process causes the body to demand more oxygen to meet its needs.
- C.
The heart has to pump faster to meet the demand for oxygen when there is lowered arterial oxygen tension.
- D.
Respirations are labored.
Correct Answer
C. The heart has to pump faster to meet the demand for oxygen when there is lowered arterial oxygen tension.Explanation
The arterial oxygen supply is lowered and the demand for oxygen is increased. which results in the heart’s having to beat faster to meet the body’s needs for oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A client enters the ER complaining of chest pressure and severe epigastric distress. His VS are 158/90. 94. 24. and 99*F. The doctor orders cardiac enzymes. If the client were diagnosed with an MI. the nurse would expect which cardiac enzyme to rise within the next 3 to 8 hours?
- A.
Creatine kinase (CK or CPK)
- B.
Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH)
- C.
LDH-1
- D.
LDH-2
Correct Answer
A. Creatine kinase (CK or CPK)Explanation
Creatine kinase (CK. formally known as CPK) rises in 3-8 hours if an MI is present. When the myocardium is damaged. CPK leaks out of the cell membranes and into the bloodstream.Options B. C. and D: Lactic dehydrogenase rises in 24-48 hours. and LDH-1 and LDH-2 rises in 8-24 hours.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A 45-year-old male client with leg ulcers and arterial insufficiency is admitted to the hospital. The nurse understands that leg ulcers of this nature are usually caused by:
- A.
Decreased arterial blood flow secondary to vasoconstriction
- B.
Decreased arterial blood flow leading to hyperemia
- C.
Atherosclerotic obstruction of the arteries
- D.
Trauma to the lower extremities
Correct Answer
A. Decreased arterial blood flow secondary to vasoconstrictionExplanation
Decreased arterial flow is a result of vasospasm. The etiology is unknown. It is more problematic in colder climates or when the person is under stress. Hyperemia occurs when the vasospasm is relieved.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following instructions should be included in the discharge teaching for a patient discharged with a transdermal nitroglycerin patch?
- A.
“Apply the patch to a non hairy. nonfatty area of the upper torso or arms.”
- B.
“Apply the patch to the same site each day to maintain consistent drug absorption.”
- C.
“If you get a headache. remove the patch for 4 hours and then reapply.”
- D.
“If you get chest pain. apply a second patch right next to the first patch.”
Correct Answer
A. “Apply the patch to a non hairy. nonfatty area of the upper torso or arms.”Explanation
A nitroglycerin patch should be applied to a nonhairy. nonfatty area for the best and most consistent absorption rates.Option B: Sites should be rotated to prevent skin irritation.Option C: The drug should be continued if headache occurs because tolerance will develop.Option D: Sublingual nitroglycerin should be used to treat chest pain.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In order to prevent the development of tolerance. the nurse instructs the patient to:
- A.
Apply the nitroglycerin patch every other day
- B.
Switch to sublingual nitroglycerin when the patient’s systolic blood pressure elevates to >140 mm Hg
- C.
Apply the nitroglycerin patch for 14 hours each and remove for 10 hours at night
- D.
Use the nitroglycerin patch for acute episodes of angina only
Correct Answer
C. Apply the nitroglycerin patch for 14 hours each and remove for 10 hours at nightExplanation
Tolerance can be prevented by maintaining an 8- to 12-hour nitrate-free period each day.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Direct-acting vasodilators have which of the following effects on the heart rate?
- A.
Heart rate decreases
- B.
Heart rate remains significantly unchanged
- C.
Heart rate increases
- D.
Heart rate becomes irregular
Correct Answer
C. Heart rate increasesExplanation
Heart rate increases in response to decreased blood pressure caused by vasodilation.Rate this question:
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- 10.
When teaching a patient why spironolactone (Aldactone) and furosemide (Lasix) are prescribed together. the nurse bases teaching on the knowledge that:
- A.
Moderate doses of two different types of diuretics are more effective than a large dose of one type
- B.
This combination promotes diuresis but decreases the risk of hypokalemia
- C.
This combination prevents dehydration and hypovolemia
- D.
Using two drugs increases osmolality of plasma and the glomerular filtration rate
Correct Answer
B. This combination promotes diuresis but decreases the risk of hypokalemiaExplanation
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic; furosemide is a potassium-losing diuretic. Giving these together minimizes electrolyte imbalance.Rate this question:
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Aug 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 20, 2017Quiz Created by
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