Anatomy And Physiology For Exercise

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  • 1/76 Questions

    Analysis occurs in the 

    • The central nervous system
    • The peripheral nervous system
    • Sensory neurons
    • Motor neurons
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Anatomy And Physiology Quizzes & Trivia
About This Quiz

This quiz titled 'Anatomy and Physiology for Exercise' focuses on the human cardiovascular system, assessing knowledge on the heart's structure, function, and blood circulation pathways. It is designed to enhance understanding of how the heart supports exercise and overall health.

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  • 2. 

    Which organ of the body is located behind the sternum and just left of centre? 

    • The liver

    • The heart

    • The kidneys

    • The lungs

    Correct Answer
    A. The heart
    Explanation
    The heart is located behind the sternum and slightly to the left of center in the body. It is a vital organ that pumps blood throughout the body, providing oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. Its position behind the sternum helps protect it from external injuries.

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  • 3. 

    Which organ pumps oxygen and nutrients to the tissues of the body?

    • The liver

    • The heart

    • The kidneys

    • The lungs

    Correct Answer
    A. The heart
    Explanation
    The heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body. It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body through a network of blood vessels. This ensures that all the tissues receive a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients necessary for their proper functioning. The heart's continuous pumping action helps maintain the circulation of blood throughout the body, making it the organ that pumps oxygen and nutrients to the tissues.

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  • 4. 

    The lower chambers of the heart are known as: 

    • Atria

    • Ventricles

    • Capillaries

    • Vena Cava

    Correct Answer
    A. Ventricles
    Explanation
    The lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles. The heart has four chambers, with the two upper chambers known as atria and the two lower chambers known as ventricles. The ventricles are responsible for pumping blood out of the heart and into the arteries, while the atria receive blood returning to the heart from the veins.

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  • 5. 

    Which of the following describes the route of "oxygenated blood" into the heart.

    • Pulmonary vein, right ventricle, right atrium, pulmonary artery

    • Vena cava, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

    • Pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta

    • Aorta, left atrium, left ventricle, pulmonary artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta
    Explanation
    Oxygenated blood is carried from the lungs to the heart through the pulmonary veins. It enters the left atrium of the heart, then passes through the bicuspid (mitral) valve into the left ventricle. From the left ventricle, the oxygenated blood is pumped out through the aorta, which is the main artery of the body.

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  • 6. 

    The aorta transports:

    • Oxygenated blood to the heart

    • De-oxygenated blood to the heart

    • Oxygenated blood away from the heart

    • De-oxygenated blood away from the heart

    Correct Answer
    A. Oxygenated blood away from the heart
    Explanation
    The aorta is the largest artery in the body and is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart. After the blood is pumped out of the heart, it enters the aorta and is then distributed to the rest of the body through smaller arteries and capillaries. This oxygenated blood provides oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues and organs, allowing them to function properly. Therefore, the correct answer is "oxygenated blood away from the heart."

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  • 7. 

    De-oxygenated blood is returned to the heart through which of the following blood vessels?

    • Pulmonary vein

    • Vena cava

    • Aorta

    • Pulmonary artery

    Correct Answer
    A. Vena cava
    Explanation
    De-oxygenated blood is returned to the heart through the vena cava. The vena cava is a large vein that carries blood from the body back to the heart. It has two main branches: the superior vena cava, which receives blood from the upper body, and the inferior vena cava, which receives blood from the lower body. This de-oxygenated blood is then pumped into the right atrium of the heart, where it will be sent to the lungs to be oxygenated.

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  • 8. 

    Normal blood pressure can be identified as being:

    • 95/55 mmhg

    • 100/55 mmhg

    • 120/80 mmhg

    • 145/95 mmhg

    Correct Answer
    A. 120/80 mmhg
    Explanation
    Normal blood pressure is typically defined as 120/80 mmHg. The first number, 120, represents the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and pumps blood. The second number, 80, represents the diastolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats. This blood pressure reading is considered normal because it falls within the range that is generally accepted as healthy for adults. Blood pressure that is too high or too low can indicate underlying health issues.

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  • 9. 

    Which organ is responsible for taking oxygen into the body?

    • Heart

    • Lungs

    • Kidneys

    • Spleen

    Correct Answer
    A. Lungs
    Explanation
    The lungs are responsible for taking oxygen into the body. Oxygen is inhaled through the nose or mouth and travels down the windpipe into the lungs. Inside the lungs, oxygen is exchanged with carbon dioxide, which is then exhaled. The lungs contain tiny air sacs called alveoli, where the exchange of gases takes place. This process ensures that oxygen is delivered to the bloodstream and transported to all cells in the body, providing them with the necessary oxygen for various bodily functions.

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  • 10. 

    Alveoli are located within:

    • Heart

    • Lungs

    • Trachea

    • Arteries

    Correct Answer
    A. Lungs
    Explanation
    The answer is lungs because alveoli are tiny air sacs located within the lungs. They are responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the bloodstream.

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  • 11. 

    The main respiratory muscles are the diaphragm and the:

    • Rectus abdominis

    • Intercostals

    • Pectorals

    • Obliques

    Correct Answer
    A. Intercostals
    Explanation
    The main respiratory muscles are the diaphragm and the intercostals. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the lungs, and it contracts and relaxes to control breathing. The intercostal muscles are located between the ribs and they help expand and contract the chest cavity during breathing. Together, the diaphragm and intercostals play a crucial role in the process of respiration by facilitating the movement of air in and out of the lungs.

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  • 12. 

    Which of the following is a structure through which air passes when inhaling? 

    • Aorta

    • Diaphysis

    • Pulmonary artery

    • Pharynx

    Correct Answer
    A. Pharynx
    Explanation
    The pharynx is a structure through which air passes when inhaling. It is a muscular tube located behind the nasal cavity, mouth, and larynx. It serves as a pathway for air to travel from the nasal cavity or mouth into the trachea, which leads to the lungs. The pharynx also plays a role in swallowing as it connects the nasal and oral cavities to the esophagus.

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  • 13. 

    When oxygen diffuses into the blood stream during gaseous exchange. where does carbon dioxide pass to?.

    • Spleen

    • Kidneys

    • Lungs

    • Heart

    Correct Answer
    A. Heart
    Explanation
    During gaseous exchange, oxygen diffuses into the bloodstream through the lungs. Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, is a waste product that needs to be removed from the body. It passes from the bloodstream into the heart, which pumps it to the lungs for exhalation. The heart acts as a transportation system, sending carbon dioxide from the bloodstream back to the lungs for removal.

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  • 14. 

    Which of the following can be found stored in the bones?.

    • Vitamins

    • Minerals

    • Glycogen

    • Oxygen

    Correct Answer
    A. Minerals
    Explanation
    Minerals can be found stored in the bones. Bones serve as a reservoir for various minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and others. These minerals are important for maintaining bone strength and density, as well as for other bodily functions. The body can release or absorb these minerals from the bones as needed to maintain mineral balance in the blood and tissues. Glycogen is stored in the liver and muscles, vitamins are stored in various tissues and organs, and oxygen is transported by red blood cells, so they are not typically stored in the bones.

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  • 15. 

    Which of the following forms part of the axial skeleton?.

    • Skull

    • Femur

    • Radius

    • Patella

    Correct Answer
    A. Skull
    Explanation
    The skull is part of the axial skeleton because it is located along the central axis of the body, specifically the head. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, which provide support and protection for the vital organs in the central part of the body. The femur, radius, and patella are not part of the axial skeleton as they are located in the appendicular skeleton, which includes the bones of the limbs and their attachments to the axial skeleton.

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  • 16. 

    Which component of the skeletal system is made up of the upper and lower limbs and the pelvic and shoulder girdles?.

    • Appendicular skeleton

    • Skull

    • Axial skeleton

    • Spine

    Correct Answer
    A. Appendicular skeleton
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the appendicular skeleton. This component of the skeletal system is comprised of the upper and lower limbs, as well as the pelvic and shoulder girdles. The appendicular skeleton is responsible for supporting and facilitating movement in the body. It includes bones such as the humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula, and many others. The skull, axial skeleton, and spine are all part of the axial skeleton, which supports and protects the body's vital organs.

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  • 17. 

    The patella is an example of a:

    • Long bone

    • Short bone

    • Sesamoid bone

    • Flat bone

    Correct Answer
    A. Sesamoid bone
    Explanation
    The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a sesamoid bone. Sesamoid bones are small, rounded bones that are embedded within tendons, providing protection and improving the mechanical advantage of the muscle. The patella is located within the quadriceps tendon, serving as a fulcrum to increase the leverage of the muscle during knee extension. It is unique because it is the largest sesamoid bone in the human body.

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  • 18. 

    The sternum is an example of which of the following types of bone?.

    • Long

    • Flat

    • Irregular

    • Sesamoid

    Correct Answer
    A. Flat
    Explanation
    The sternum is an example of a flat bone. Flat bones are thin, flat, and curved bones that provide protection and serve as attachment sites for muscles. The sternum is a flat bone located in the middle of the chest and forms the front part of the rib cage. It protects vital organs such as the heart and lungs and also serves as an attachment point for various muscles involved in respiration and movement of the arms and shoulders.

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  • 19. 

    A long bone is said to be:

    • Wider than they are long

    • Longer than they are wide

    • The same length and width

    • Irregular in shape

    Correct Answer
    A. Longer than they are wide
    Explanation
    A long bone is said to be longer than they are wide because the term "long bone" refers to a specific type of bone found in the body. Long bones, such as the femur or humerus, are characterized by their elongated shape, with a greater length than width. This shape allows for strength, support, and mobility in the skeletal system.

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  • 20. 

    Osteoblasts are cells that:

    • Help form bone

    • Build muscle

    • Produce new cartilage

    • Help clear away old bone

    Correct Answer
    A. Help form bone
    Explanation
    Osteoblasts are specialized cells that play a crucial role in bone formation. They are responsible for the synthesis and secretion of the organic components of the bone matrix, such as collagen. Osteoblasts also regulate the mineralization process by depositing calcium and other minerals onto the bone matrix, which gives the bone its strength and rigidity. Therefore, their primary function is to help form new bone tissue.

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  • 21. 

    A neutral spine alignment is said to be the ideal position to:

    • Decrease the rate at which bone is formed

    • Increase the rate at which bone is formed

    • Decrease stress on passive structures of the body, such as the vertebrae and ligaments

    • Increase stress on passive structures of the body, such as the vertebrae and ligaments

    Correct Answer
    A. Decrease stress on passive structures of the body, such as the vertebrae and ligaments
    Explanation
    A neutral spine alignment is considered the ideal position because it helps to distribute the forces evenly throughout the body, reducing the stress on passive structures like the vertebrae and ligaments. This alignment helps to maintain the natural curves of the spine, which promotes proper posture and alignment. By decreasing stress on these passive structures, the risk of injury and strain is minimized, allowing for better overall body mechanics and function.

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  • 22. 

    Which type of joint is most common?

    • Fibrous

    • Synovial

    • Fused

    • Cartilaginous

    Correct Answer
    A. Synovial
    Explanation
    Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the human body. These joints are characterized by the presence of a synovial cavity, which is filled with synovial fluid that lubricates the joint and reduces friction. Synovial joints allow for a wide range of movement and are found in the majority of our skeletal system, including the knees, elbows, and shoulders. They are essential for activities such as walking, running, and grasping objects, making them the most prevalent type of joint in our body.

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  • 23. 

    Which of the following types of movement is possible at a pivot joint?

    • Flexion

    • Abduction

    • Adduction

    • Rotation

    Correct Answer
    A. Rotation
    Explanation
    A pivot joint allows for rotation. This type of joint allows bones to rotate around a central axis, such as the rotation of the head from side to side or the rotation of the forearm to turn the palm up or down. Flexion refers to bending a joint, abduction refers to moving away from the midline of the body, and adduction refers to moving towards the midline of the body. These movements are not possible at a pivot joint.

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  • 24. 

    Which of the following types of movement is possible at the knee joint?

    • Lateral flexion

    • Abduction

    • Adduction

    • Extension

    Correct Answer
    A. Extension
    Explanation
    Extension is the correct answer because the knee joint allows for the movement of extension, which involves straightening or increasing the angle between the bones of the joint. Lateral flexion, abduction, and adduction are not possible at the knee joint as they involve movements that occur in different joints, such as the spine or the hip.

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  • 25. 

    Which of the following muscles are involuntary?

    • Digestive tract

    • Biceps

    • Quadriceps

    • Erector spinae

    Correct Answer
    A. Digestive tract
    Explanation
    The digestive tract is made up of smooth muscles, which are involuntary muscles. Smooth muscles are found in the walls of organs and structures such as the gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, and respiratory passages. These muscles are not under conscious control and function automatically to carry out various bodily processes, including digestion. In contrast, the biceps, quadriceps, and erector spinae are all skeletal muscles, which are voluntary muscles that are controlled consciously.

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  • 26. 

    If the iliopsoas are contracting concentrically there is:

    • Hip flexion

    • Knee extension

    • Hip extension

    • Knee flexion

    Correct Answer
    A. Hip flexion
    Explanation
    When the iliopsoas muscles contract concentrically, it means that they are shortening while generating force. This action causes hip flexion, which is the movement of bringing the thigh closer to the abdomen. Therefore, the correct answer is hip flexion.

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  • 27. 

    Which of the following muscles would be the prime mover during knee flexion?

    • Soleus

    • Hamstrings

    • Quadriceps

    • Gluteals

    Correct Answer
    A. Hamstrings
    Explanation
    The hamstrings would be the prime mover during knee flexion. The hamstrings consist of three muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus) located at the back of the thigh. These muscles work together to flex the knee joint. When the hamstrings contract, they pull the lower leg backward, causing knee flexion. The other muscles listed (soleus, quadriceps, and gluteals) are not primarily responsible for knee flexion.

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  • 28. 

    Which of the following describes the role of a synergist muscle?.

    • A muscle which relaxes to allow movement

    • The main muscle involved in the action

    • The muscle which assists the main muscle in bringing about the action

    • A muscle which contracts statically to fix another body part

    Correct Answer
    A. The muscle which assists the main muscle in bringing about the action
    Explanation
    A synergist muscle is a muscle that assists the main muscle in bringing about the action. It works together with the main muscle to enhance the movement and provide stability. While the main muscle is responsible for generating the majority of the force, the synergist muscle helps to support and coordinate the movement, ensuring smooth and efficient muscle action.

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  • 29. 

    Slow twitch muscle fibres

    • Are employed in high intensity activities

    • Use the creatine phosphate energy system

    • Are employed in low intensity activity

    • Have a poorer blood supply than other muscle fibres

    Correct Answer
    A. Are employed in low intensity activity
    Explanation
    Slow twitch muscle fibers are employed in low intensity activity. These muscle fibers are characterized by their ability to sustain contractions for longer periods of time without fatiguing. They are rich in mitochondria, which allows them to generate energy through aerobic metabolism. These fibers have a slower contraction speed but are highly resistant to fatigue. Therefore, they are well-suited for activities that require endurance and sustained effort, such as long-distance running or cycling.

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  • 30. 

    The peripheral nervous system consists of all the branches of nerves that lie outside the

    • Lumbar spine

    • Sacrum

    • Cranium

    • Spinal cord

    Correct Answer
    A. Spinal cord
    Explanation
    The peripheral nervous system is responsible for transmitting information between the central nervous system (which includes the brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body. It consists of all the branches of nerves that lie outside the spinal cord. Therefore, the correct answer is "spinal cord" because it is part of the central nervous system and not part of the peripheral nervous system.

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  • 31. 

    What is a motor unit?

    • A muscle fibre which surrounds a myofibril

    • A subcomponent of sensory nerves

    • A motor neuron and all the fibres it innervates

    • A receptor located in the muscle

    Correct Answer
    A. A motor neuron and all the fibres it innervates
    Explanation
    A motor unit refers to a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates. Motor neurons are responsible for transmitting signals from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, causing them to contract. Each motor neuron can innervate multiple muscle fibers, which allows for coordinated and precise muscle movements. Therefore, the correct answer is a motor neuron and all the fibers it innervates.

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  • 32. 

    What type of bone is a phalange?

    • Long

    • Short

    • Flat

    • Irregular

    Correct Answer
    A. Long
    Explanation
    A phalange is a type of bone found in the fingers and toes. These bones are long and slender in shape, allowing for flexibility and movement. They are classified as long bones because of their elongated structure, with a shaft and two ends. Long bones, like the phalanges, provide support, facilitate movement, and protect vital organs.

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  • 33. 

    Which of the following movements can be performed at the shoulder joint?.

    • Plantar flexion

    • Dorsiflextion

    • Lateral flexion

    • Flexion

    Correct Answer
    A. Flexion
    Explanation
    Flexion can be performed at the shoulder joint. Flexion refers to the movement that decreases the angle between two bones at a joint. In the case of the shoulder joint, flexion involves bringing the arm forward and upward, such as when throwing a ball or raising the arm to reach something overhead. This movement is possible due to the flexibility and range of motion of the shoulder joint, allowing for various actions and positions of the arm.

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  • 34. 

    The growth plates can be found in which part of the long bone?.

    • Diaphysis

    • Medullary cavity

    • Epiphysis

    • Vena cava

    Correct Answer
    A. Epiphysis
    Explanation
    The growth plates, also known as epiphyseal plates, are found in the epiphysis of long bones. The epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone, located at the joint. It is made up of spongy bone tissue and contains red bone marrow. The growth plates are responsible for the lengthening of the bone during childhood and adolescence. They allow for the addition of new bone tissue, which leads to bone growth. The diaphysis refers to the shaft or middle part of a long bone, while the medullary cavity is the hollow space within the diaphysis. The vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart and is not related to bone structure.

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  • 35. 

    Which of the following is not a function of the skeleton?

    • Storage of vitamins

    • Production of blood cells

    • Support of soft tissues

    • Storage of minerals

    Correct Answer
    A. Storage of vitamins
    Explanation
    The skeleton is responsible for various functions in the body, such as supporting soft tissues, producing blood cells, and storing minerals. However, it does not have a role in the storage of vitamins. Vitamins are typically stored in the liver and adipose tissue, and are not directly related to the skeletal system. Therefore, storage of vitamins is not a function of the skeleton.

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  • 36. 

    The ribs are classed as what type of bone?

    • Long

    • Short

    • Flat

    • Irregular

    Correct Answer
    A. Flat
    Explanation
    The ribs are classified as flat bones because they are thin, flat, and curved in shape. Flat bones provide protection to vital organs and have a large surface area for the attachment of muscles. The ribs, along with other flat bones like the skull and sternum, help protect the organs in the thoracic cavity, such as the heart and lungs.

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  • 37. 

    Synovial joints are classed as

    • Non-moveable

    • Slightly moveable

    • Freely moveable

    • Cartilagnious

    Correct Answer
    A. Freely moveable
    Explanation
    Synovial joints are classified as freely moveable because they allow for a wide range of movement. These joints are surrounded by a synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid, which lubricates the joint and reduces friction. Examples of freely moveable joints include the shoulder, hip, knee, and elbow joints. These joints allow for movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction.

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  • 38. 

    Hinge joints allow?

    • Flexion and extension

    • Adduction and abduction

    • Circumduction and rotation

    • Eversion and inversion

    Correct Answer
    A. Flexion and extension
    Explanation
    Hinge joints allow flexion and extension movements. Flexion is the bending movement that decreases the angle between two body parts, while extension is the straightening movement that increases the angle between two body parts. Hinge joints, such as the elbow and knee joints, have a convex surface fitting into a concave surface, allowing movement in only one plane, like a door hinge. This restriction in movement allows for flexion and extension, but not other types of movements like adduction, abduction, circumduction, rotation, eversion, or inversion.

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  • 39. 

    The spine allows

    • Plantar flexion

    • Lateral flexion

    • Dorsiflextion

    • Horizontal flexion

    Correct Answer
    A. Lateral flexion
    Explanation
    The spine allows lateral flexion, which refers to the movement of the spine sideways, allowing the body to bend to the left or right. This movement is important for maintaining balance and stability, as well as for performing various activities such as bending to pick up objects or reaching sideways. Lateral flexion is possible due to the unique structure of the spine, including the arrangement of vertebrae and the presence of intervertebral discs, which allow for flexibility and movement in different directions.

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  • 40. 

    The shoulder joint allows

    • Plantar flexion

    • Lateral flexion

    • Dorsiflextion

    • Horizontal flexion

    Correct Answer
    A. Horizontal flexion
  • 41. 

    During horizontal flexion of the shoulder, which of the following muscle is the prime mover?

    • Pectoralis major

    • Trapezius

    • Latissimus dorsi

    • Biceps

    Correct Answer
    A. Pectoralis major
    Explanation
    During horizontal flexion of the shoulder, the pectoralis major muscle is the prime mover. The pectoralis major is a large, fan-shaped muscle located in the chest. It originates from the clavicle, sternum, and ribs and inserts into the upper arm bone. When it contracts, it pulls the arm forward and across the body, allowing for horizontal flexion of the shoulder. The trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and biceps muscles also play a role in shoulder movement but are not the primary movers in this specific action.

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  • 42. 

    If the gluteus maximus is contracting eccentrically which of the following is occurring?

    • Extension of the hip

    • Abduction of the shoulder

    • Flexion of the hip

    • Lateral flexion

    Correct Answer
    A. Flexion of the hip
    Explanation
    When the gluteus maximus is contracting eccentrically, it means that the muscle is lengthening while still generating force. This action is known as eccentric contraction. In the case of the gluteus maximus, its primary function is to extend the hip, which means it brings the thigh bone backward. However, when it contracts eccentrically, it is actually assisting in the flexion of the hip, which means it helps to bring the thigh bone forward. Therefore, the correct answer is flexion of the hip.

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  • 43. 

    During the lat pulldown, which muscle is the anatagonist?

    • Pectoralis major

    • Biceps brachii

    • Rhomboids

    • Deltoids

    Correct Answer
    A. Deltoids
    Explanation
    During the lat pulldown exercise, the deltoids act as the antagonist muscle. The antagonist muscle opposes the action of the agonist muscle, which in this case is the latissimus dorsi. While the latissimus dorsi is responsible for the pulling motion, the deltoids work in the opposite direction to stabilize the shoulder joint and prevent excessive movement. Therefore, the deltoids act as the antagonist muscle during the lat pulldown exercise.

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  • 44. 

    What is the agonist during extension of the spine?

    • Erector spinae

    • Rectus abdominus

    • Hamstrings

    • Quadriceps

    Correct Answer
    A. Erector spinae
    Explanation
    The erector spinae muscles are responsible for extending the spine. They run along the length of the spine and help to maintain upright posture and control movements such as bending backwards. When the spine is extended, the erector spinae muscles contract to support and stabilize the spine, allowing it to maintain its position. Therefore, the erector spinae muscles act as the agonist during the extension of the spine.

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  • 45. 

    Where is smooth muscle tissue not found?

    • The heart

    • The blood vessels

    • The skin

    • The digestive system

    Correct Answer
    A. The heart
    Explanation
    Smooth muscle tissue is not found in the heart because the heart is primarily composed of cardiac muscle tissue. Smooth muscle tissue is found in the walls of various organs and structures such as blood vessels, the digestive system, and the skin. It is responsible for involuntary movements and contractions in these areas. However, the heart requires a specialized type of muscle tissue called cardiac muscle to perform its unique function of pumping blood throughout the body.

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  • 46. 

    An eccentric contraction leads to

    • Muscle shortening

    • No change in muscle length

    • Muscle lengthening

    • No change in tension

    Correct Answer
    A. Muscle lengthening
    Explanation
    During an eccentric contraction, the muscle is still contracting but lengthening at the same time. This occurs when the force being applied to the muscle is greater than the force the muscle is producing. As a result, the muscle fibers are stretched, causing the muscle to lengthen. This type of contraction is commonly seen when lowering a weight during weightlifting or when slowing down a movement. Therefore, the correct answer is "muscle lengthening."

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  • 47. 

    Which of the following is not a feature of slow twitch muscle fibres?

    • A greater number of capillaries

    • Produce less force

    • Less resistant to fatigue

    • Have increased oxygen levels

    Correct Answer
    A. Less resistant to fatigue
    Explanation
    Slow twitch muscle fibers are known for their endurance capabilities and are highly resistant to fatigue. They contain a greater number of capillaries, which provide a rich blood supply and increased oxygen levels to sustain prolonged activity. Additionally, slow twitch fibers produce less force compared to fast twitch fibers, but this is not a feature that distinguishes them from other muscle fibers. Therefore, the correct answer is that slow twitch muscle fibers are not less resistant to fatigue.

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  • 48. 

    The central nervous system consists of?

    • Motor units

    • Motor neurons

    • Receptors in the skin

    • The brain and the spinal cord

    Correct Answer
    A. The brain and the spinal cord
    Explanation
    The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord. These two components are responsible for coordinating and controlling the body's activities. The brain is the command center of the nervous system, processing information, making decisions, and sending signals to different parts of the body. The spinal cord acts as a communication pathway between the brain and the rest of the body, transmitting signals to and from the brain. Together, the brain and the spinal cord play a crucial role in regulating bodily functions, including movement, sensation, and cognition.

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  • 49. 

    Which of the following is true?

    • Arteries carry blood under low pressure

    • Arteries take blood back to the heart

    • Arteries contain valves

    • Arteries carry blood under high pressure

    Correct Answer
    A. Arteries carry blood under high pressure
    Explanation
    Arteries carry blood under high pressure because they are responsible for carrying oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body. The heart pumps blood into the arteries with a strong force, causing the blood to flow at a high pressure. This pressure is necessary to ensure that the blood reaches all the tissues and organs throughout the body. Veins, on the other hand, carry blood back to the heart and have valves to prevent backflow, which is not mentioned in the question.

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  • Aug 30, 2024
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  • Feb 03, 2014
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