Alcatel-lucent Scalable IP Networks MPLS

1. The VPN service that appears to the customer as a private routed network is _____.

VPNM

VPRN

VPLS

VPWS

VPRN is a VPN that appears to a customer as a private routed network.

Explanation

VPRN is a VPN that appears to a customer as a private routed network.

2. The most commonly used label distribution protocol is _____.

OSPF

BGP

LDP

Option 4

LDP is the most common label distribution protocol.

Explanation

LDP is the most common label distribution protocol.

3. Which of the following term-definition pairs is incorrect?

Push-Add a label

Swap-Replace a label

Label distribution protocol-Series of labels and next-hop interfaces

Pop-Remove a label

This description is the Label Switched Path.

Explanation

This description is the Label Switched Path.

4. Which of the following is not a type of VPN?

VPWS

VPNM

VPLS

VPRN

VPNM is not a type of VPN.

Explanation

VPNM is not a type of VPN.

5. A VPN that provides a simple point-to-point service between two destinations is a _____.

VPNM

VPLS

VPWS

None of the above

VPWS is a VPN that emulates a point-to-point service between two destinations.

Explanation

VPWS is a VPN that emulates a point-to-point service between two destinations.

6. As a packet traverses an MPLS network, it passes through a router that removes one label and replaces it with another. The router it passed through was a _____ router.

PE

CE

LER

P

P routers swap labels and forward them to other P or PE routers.

Explanation

P routers swap labels and forward them to other P or PE routers.

7. In an MPLS network, the customer routers have no knowledge of how the MPLS features are implemented. The benefits of this include _____.

Ease of CE configuration

It allows for very scalable VPN solutions.

It lowers CE management overhead.

All of the above

Transparency of the MPLS features to a CE device has all of the benefits listed.

Explanation

Transparency of the MPLS features to a CE device has all of the benefits listed.

8. Which of the following is not an accurate description of a VPN?

A series of point-to-point tunnels configured on client equipment

A tunnel technology created in a provider network

A function of MPLS networks to create private communities of users

Any network that includes encryption

Encryption can be a part of a VPN, but the correct description of a VPN should include a way to privatize communications between user communities. The other answers speak to this, but answer D does not.

Explanation

Encryption can be a part of a VPN, but the correct description of a VPN should include a way to privatize communications between user communities. The other answers speak to this, but answer D does not.

9. The relationship between LDP and an IGP is best described as _____.

LDP paths are preferred over IGP routes.

LDP uses IGP next-hop information.

LDP re-distributes labels into IGP.

IGP tags network destinations with LDP information.

LDP and IGPs do not re-distribute information directly or compete with each other for paths as they perform completely different functions, although LDP does use the information from IGP to populate the next-hop interfaces for labels.

Explanation

LDP and IGPs do not re-distribute information directly or compete with each other for paths as they perform completely different functions, although LDP does use the information from IGP to populate the next-hop interfaces for labels.

10. The VPN service that requires encryption is _____.

VPRN

VPNM

VPLS

None of the above

None of the VPN services provided by an MPLS network require encryption.

Explanation

None of the VPN services provided by an MPLS network require encryption.

11. Which of the following is false regarding LDP?

It is used to define unidirectional paths through the network.

It is a protocol specifically intended for label distribution.

It is the only method for distributing labels in an MPLS network.

It describes a path through the MPLS network based on the IGP path.

LDP is only one method of distributing labels; RSVP can be used as well as other protocols.

Explanation

LDP is only one method of distributing labels; RSVP can be used as well as other protocols.

12. The VPN service that must maintain a table of MAC addresses is _____.

VPWS

VPLS

VPRN

Both A and B

VPLS is a VPN that must maintain a table of MAC addresses.

Explanation

VPLS is a VPN that must maintain a table of MAC addresses.

13. A packet arrives at a router with a label, and the router cannot perform any operations on it. The router is most likely a _____.

LSR

PE

LER

None of the above

PE, LSR, and LER routers can all understand labels. The router is most likely a CE router, which is not one of the choices.

Explanation

PE, LSR, and LER routers can all understand labels. The router is most likely a CE router, which is not one of the choices.

14. Which of the following is false regarding an SDP?

It provides transport tunnel encapsulation.

It is specific to a single service.

The SDP ID is locally unique.

LDP can be used as the signaling protocol.

SDPs are not specific to a single service and can support multiple services.

Explanation

SDPs are not specific to a single service and can support multiple services.

15. Which of the following accurately describes a P device?

It is used exclusively by the customer.

It is responsible for adding and removing labels.

It swaps label information and forwards packets.

It creates an LSP in the provider network.

Answer A is a CE, and answer C is a P. D is partially correct, but B is the more accurate answer.

Explanation

Answer A is a CE, and answer C is a P. D is partially correct, but B is the more accurate answer.

Alcatel-lucent Scalable IP Networks Mpls