Different Culture And Lifestyles Quiz

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  • 1/336 Questions

    In American culture, if a person intentionally kills another person, the behavior violates

    • A folkway
    • A more
    • Neither a nor b
    • Option 4
Please wait...
About This Quiz

Explore the essence of different cultures and lifestyles through this engaging quiz. Assess your understanding of cultural norms, the impact of ethnocentrism, and the challenges of culture shock. Ideal for learners keen to deepen their knowledge of societal constructs and intercultural interactions.

Different Culture And Lifestyles Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    In American culture, eating human flesh is a violation of a(an):

    • Universal

    • More

    • Folkway

    • Taboo

    Correct Answer
    A. Taboo
    Explanation
    Eating human flesh is considered a taboo in American culture. Taboos are strong social norms that prohibit certain behaviors or actions that are considered morally or socially unacceptable. These taboos are deeply ingrained in a society's values and beliefs, and violating them can lead to severe social consequences. In this case, eating human flesh goes against the fundamental values and norms of American culture, making it a clear example of a taboo.

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  • 3. 

    Subcultures:

    • Are a world within a world

    • Have values and related behaviors that set its members apart from the larger culture

    • Include ethnic groups

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. All of the above
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "all of the above" because subcultures are indeed a world within a world, meaning they exist within the larger culture but have their own distinct values and behaviors that set their members apart. Additionally, subcultures can include ethnic groups, which further emphasizes their separate identity within the larger culture.

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  • 4. 

    Nonmaterial culture includes beliefs, values, gestures, and machines

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The given statement is false. Nonmaterial culture refers to the intangible aspects of a culture, such as beliefs, values, and gestures. Machines, on the other hand, are considered part of material culture as they are physical objects.

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  • 5. 

    Subcultures remain compatible with the dominant culture while countercultures are in opposition to the dominant culture

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    This statement is true because subcultures are typically smaller groups within a society that share certain beliefs, values, and practices that are different from the dominant culture, but they still coexist and remain compatible with the dominant culture. On the other hand, countercultures are groups that actively oppose or challenge the dominant culture, often advocating for alternative values, lifestyles, or social norms. Therefore, countercultures are in direct opposition to the dominant culture, while subcultures maintain a level of compatibility with it.

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  • 6. 

    Core values may contradict one another

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Core values are fundamental beliefs and principles that guide an individual or an organization's behavior and decision-making. It is possible for core values to contradict one another because different values can sometimes be in conflict with each other. For example, if one core value is honesty and another is loyalty, there may be situations where being completely honest could conflict with being loyal to someone. In such cases, it becomes important to prioritize and find a balance between these conflicting values. Therefore, it is true that core values may contradict one another.

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  • 7. 

    Cultural leveling inevitably increases cultural distinctiveness

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Cultural leveling refers to the process by which cultures become more similar to one another. However, this does not necessarily mean that cultural distinctiveness increases. In fact, as cultures become more similar, their distinctiveness may actually decrease. Therefore, the statement that cultural leveling inevitably increases cultural distinctiveness is false.

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  • 8. 

    The material objects that distinguish a group of people, such as their art, building, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing, and jewelry are known as _____

    Correct Answer
    material culture
    Explanation
    Material culture refers to the physical objects that are created, used, and valued by a particular group of people. These objects can include things like art, buildings, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing, and jewelry. They are important because they reflect the beliefs, values, and practices of a society and contribute to its overall identity. Material culture is a term commonly used in anthropology and sociology to study the ways in which people interact with and shape their physical environment.

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  • 9. 

    ______ is the tendency to use our own group's way of doing things as a yardstick for judging others.

    Correct Answer
    ethnocentrism
    Explanation
    Ethnocentrism refers to the tendency of individuals to judge and evaluate other cultures or groups based on the standards and values of their own culture or group. It involves viewing one's own culture as superior and using it as a benchmark for assessing the practices and behaviors of others. This can lead to a biased and narrow-minded perspective, hindering intercultural understanding and appreciation. Ethnocentrism can manifest in various forms, such as cultural arrogance, stereotyping, and prejudice.

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  • 10. 

    Trying to understand a culture on its own terms is the concept of ______

    Correct Answer
    cultural relativism
    Explanation
    Cultural relativism is the concept of trying to understand a culture on its own terms, without imposing one's own cultural beliefs or values. It recognizes that different cultures have their own unique perspectives and ways of life, and that there is no universal standard by which to judge them. By adopting a culturally relative approach, individuals can gain a deeper understanding and appreciation for the diversity and complexity of different cultures.

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  • 11. 

    ___ is a system of symbols that can be combined in an infinite number of ways and can represent not only objects but also abstract thought

    Correct Answer
    language
    Explanation
    Language is a system of symbols that can be combined in an infinite number of ways. It allows us to represent not only objects but also abstract thoughts. Through language, we can communicate ideas, express emotions, and convey complex concepts. It is a tool that enables us to interact with others and share our thoughts and experiences. Language plays a crucial role in human communication and is essential for expressing and understanding both concrete and abstract concepts.

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  • 12. 

    The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis indicates that our _____ determines our consciousness.

    Correct Answer
    language
    Explanation
    The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis suggests that the language we use shapes our thoughts and perceptions of the world. It argues that language not only reflects our thoughts but also influences the way we think and perceive reality. Language provides us with a framework to understand and interpret the world around us, and therefore, it plays a crucial role in shaping our consciousness.

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  • 13. 

    Expectations, or rules of behavior, that develop out of a group's values are

    Correct Answer
    norms
    Explanation
    Norms are expectations or rules of behavior that develop out of a group's values. They are the accepted standards of behavior within a group and guide the actions and interactions of its members. Norms can vary between different groups and cultures, and they help to maintain order, cohesion, and social harmony within the group. They provide a framework for individuals to understand what is considered appropriate or inappropriate behavior in a particular social setting.

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  • 14. 

    Norms that are not strictly enforced are

    Correct Answer
    folkways
    Explanation
    Norms that are not strictly enforced are folkways. Folkways are the least serious type of norms, which are informal rules and customs that guide everyday behavior. Unlike laws or mores, folkways are not strictly enforced and are more about social expectations and customs. They are considered to be the common practices and behaviors that are generally accepted in a society but are not necessarily required or enforced by formal institutions.

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  • 15. 

    Various occupational groups form ____

    Correct Answer
    subcultures
    Explanation
    Occupational groups consist of individuals who share similar work-related interests, values, and behaviors. These groups often develop their own distinct subcultures within the larger society. Subcultures refer to smaller groups within a larger culture that have their own unique characteristics, norms, and beliefs. In the context of this question, it suggests that various occupational groups form their own subcultures, indicating that they have their own specific ways of doing things and interacting with one another within their professional environment.

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  • 16. 

    ______ are a series of interrelated values that together form a larger whole

    Correct Answer
    value clusters
    Explanation
    Value clusters are a series of interrelated values that together form a larger whole. They represent a group or collection of values that are closely connected and influence each other. These values can include beliefs, attitudes, norms, and preferences that are shared by a particular group or society. Value clusters help to shape the overall culture and identity of a group, as they provide a framework for understanding and interpreting the world. By examining the values within a cluster, one can gain insight into the priorities and motivations of the individuals or communities that hold those values.

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  • 17. 

    When values clash in a society, sociologists refer to this as

    Correct Answer
    culture wars
    Explanation
    When there are conflicting values and beliefs within a society, it leads to a clash or conflict between different groups or individuals. Sociologists term this phenomenon as "culture wars." In culture wars, different cultural, religious, or political groups engage in debates, protests, or conflicts to defend their own values and challenge the opposing ones. These clashes often involve issues related to morality, social norms, religion, politics, and other cultural aspects. Culture wars are a reflection of the deep divisions and disagreements within a society regarding its core values and beliefs.

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  • 18. 

    Sociologists call the norms and values that people actually follow _____

    Correct Answer
    real culture
    Explanation
    The term "real culture" refers to the actual norms and values that individuals in a society adhere to. It represents the behaviors, beliefs, and customs that are practiced and accepted by the majority of people in a particular culture. This is in contrast to "ideal culture," which refers to the norms and values that a society claims to uphold but may not necessarily be followed by everyone. Therefore, "real culture" accurately describes the norms and values that people actually follow in a given society.

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  • 19. 

    The process in which cultures become similar to one another is

    Correct Answer
    culture leveling
    Explanation
    Culture leveling refers to the process in which different cultures become similar to one another. This can occur through various means such as globalization, technological advancements, and increased communication and interaction between different cultures. As cultures come into contact with one another, they may adopt certain aspects of each other's practices, beliefs, and values, leading to a homogenization of cultures. This can result in the loss of unique cultural traditions and the emergence of a more standardized and uniform global culture.

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  • 20. 

    From the cases of institutionalized children, it is possible to conclude that

    • Humans have no natural language

    • Social interaction is important for humans to establish close bonds with others

    • It is impossible for a person who has been isolated to progress through normal learning stage

    • All of the above

    Correct Answer
    A. Social interaction is important for humans to establish close bonds with others
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "social interaction is important for humans to establish close bonds with others." This is supported by the cases of institutionalized children, who often struggle with forming attachments and developing social skills due to the lack of interaction and bonding during their early years. This suggests that social interaction is crucial for humans to establish close relationships and connections with others. The other options, such as humans having no natural language and it being impossible for an isolated person to progress through normal learning stages, are not directly supported by the given information and are therefore incorrect.

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  • 21. 

    Freud's term for a balancing force between the inborn drives for self-gratification and the demands of society is the:

    • Id

    • Superego

    • Ego

    • Libido

    Correct Answer
    A. Ego
    Explanation
    The ego, according to Freud, is the balancing force between the inborn drives for self-gratification (represented by the id) and the demands of society (represented by the superego). It operates on the reality principle, which means it seeks to satisfy the id's desires in a way that is socially acceptable and realistic. The ego helps to mediate between the id and the superego, making decisions and negotiating compromises to ensure both personal needs and societal expectations are met.

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  • 22. 

    Paul Ekman found that everyone in the world experiences six basic:

    • Beliefs

    • Values

    • Emotions

    • Folkways

    Correct Answer
    A. Emotions
    Explanation
    Paul Ekman found that everyone in the world experiences six basic emotions. These emotions are universal and can be recognized through facial expressions, regardless of cultural or linguistic differences. Ekman identified these emotions as happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust. His research suggests that these emotions are innate and biologically determined, rather than being solely influenced by cultural or social factors.

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  • 23. 

    Usually, the significant others who first teach us our part in the gender-division of the world are:

    • Our peers

    • Our parents

    • Our teachers

    • Our televisions

    Correct Answer
    A. Our parents
    Explanation
    Our parents are usually the first significant others who teach us our part in the gender-division of the world. They are our primary caregivers and play a crucial role in shaping our beliefs, values, and behaviors from a young age. Through their actions, attitudes, and expectations, parents often reinforce traditional gender roles and stereotypes. They may teach us what is considered appropriate or inappropriate behavior based on our gender, influencing our understanding of gender roles and expectations in society. Peers, teachers, and televisions may also contribute to our understanding of gender, but parents have the most direct and influential role in shaping our initial understanding.

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  • 24. 

    People and groups that influence our self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors are:

    • Likely to be in single-parent households

    • Generalized others

    • Agents of socialization

    • Primarily passive influences

    Correct Answer
    A. Agents of socialization
    Explanation
    The correct answer is agents of socialization. Agents of socialization refer to the people and groups that have a significant impact on shaping an individual's self-concept, emotions, attitudes, and behaviors. These agents can include family members, friends, teachers, peers, and the media. They play an active role in socializing individuals by transmitting cultural norms, values, and beliefs, and influencing their development and social interactions.

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  • 25. 

    When we examine influences of religion, approximately how many Americans belong to a local congregation?

    • Ten percent

    • Sixty-five percent

    • One-hundred percent

    • Thirty percent

    Correct Answer
    A. Sixty-five percent
    Explanation
    Approximately sixty-five percent of Americans belong to a local congregation when examining the influences of religion. This suggests that a significant majority of the population in the United States actively participate in religious communities and engage in religious practices. This high percentage highlights the importance and impact of religion in American society.

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  • 26. 

    A national institute of child health and human development study on kindergarten children indicate that

    • Time spent in kindergarten has little effect on cooperation with others

    • Time spent in kindergarten has no effects on the bonds with their mothers

    • Time spent in kindergarten negatively affects bonds with their mothers and cooperation with others

    • Time spent in kindergarten has negative effects only because of the quality of the time spent in day care and the level of social class

    Correct Answer
    A. Time spent in kindergarten negatively affects bonds with their mothers and cooperation with others
    Explanation
    The national institute study suggests that the time spent in kindergarten has a negative impact on both the bonds with mothers and cooperation with others. This implies that children who spend more time in kindergarten may experience difficulties in forming strong bonds with their mothers and may also struggle with cooperating with their peers. However, the explanation does not provide any information about the quality of time spent in daycare or the level of social class, indicating that these factors are not considered in the study's findings.

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  • 27. 

    The stages that we all go through in life are called the:

    • Birth to death sequence

    • Life course

    • Life stages

    • Birth to death stages

    Correct Answer
    A. Life course
    Explanation
    The stages that we all go through in life are referred to as the "life course." This term encompasses the various phases and transitions that individuals experience from birth to death, including childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. It recognizes that life is a journey with different milestones and challenges at each stage, and emphasizes the interconnectedness and continuity of these stages throughout an individual's lifespan.

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  • 28. 

    For many aging people, the most comfortable period in their lives is:

    • The older years

    • The later middle years

    • Young adulthood

    • The early middle years

    Correct Answer
    A. The later middle years
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the later middle years. This period is often considered the most comfortable for aging people because they have typically retired from work and are free from the responsibilities and stresses of their earlier years. They may have more time and resources to pursue their interests and hobbies, and they may also enjoy better health and financial stability. Additionally, they may have established strong social connections and have a sense of fulfillment and contentment in their lives.

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  • 29. 

    Each of us is actively involved in the construction of the:

    • Mind

    • Self

    • Norms of society

    • Id and the ego

    Correct Answer
    A. Self
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "self." This is because each individual plays an active role in constructing their own sense of self, which includes their beliefs, values, and personal identity. The self is shaped by experiences, interactions with others, and personal reflection, and it is constantly evolving throughout one's life. It is through this construction of the self that individuals develop a sense of identity and understanding of who they are.

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  • 30. 

    Studies of both isolated and institutionalized children demonstrate that some of the characteristics that we take for granted as being "human" traits result from our basic instinct

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The given statement suggests that studies on isolated and institutionalized children have shown that certain characteristics that we consider to be inherent human traits are actually a result of our basic instincts. However, the correct answer is false, indicating that the statement is not supported by evidence or research. There may be other factors or influences beyond basic instincts that contribute to these traits.

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  • 31. 

    Studies of monkeys suggest that animals do not react in similar ways to humans when isolated

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement suggests that animals do not react similarly to humans when isolated, but the answer is false. This implies that studies of monkeys have shown that animals do react in similar ways to humans when isolated.

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  • 32. 

    Socialization is the process by which we learn the ways of society, or all particular groups

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Socialization is indeed the process through which individuals learn and internalize the norms, values, and behaviors of their society or specific groups within it. It involves acquiring social skills, cultural knowledge, and understanding societal expectations. This process occurs through various agents of socialization, such as family, education, peers, and media. Therefore, the statement "Socialization is the process by which we learn the ways of society, or all particular groups" is true.

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  • 33. 

    According to Cooley, the development of self is essentially completed by adolescence

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Cooley's theory of the development of self states that it is a lifelong process and not completed by adolescence. According to Cooley, the self is formed through interactions with others and the feedback received from them. This process continues throughout an individual's life as they constantly interact with different social groups and receive feedback that shapes their self-concept. Therefore, the correct answer is false, as Cooley's theory suggests that self-development is not essentially completed by adolescence.

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  • 34. 

    Mead thought that play is crucial to the development of the self

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Mead believed that play is essential for the development of the self because it allows individuals to take on different roles and experiment with different perspectives. Through play, individuals learn to understand the expectations and perspectives of others, which contributes to the development of their own sense of self. Play also provides a safe space for individuals to explore and express their emotions, creativity, and imagination, fostering their overall cognitive and social development. Therefore, it can be concluded that Mead considered play to be crucial for the development of the self.

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  • 35. 

    According to Mead, from the ages of about three to six, children can only mimic others

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    According to Mead, children between the ages of three to six are not simply mimicking others, but are actually developing the ability to take on the perspective of others and engage in symbolic play. This stage, known as the "preparatory stage," is characterized by children imitating the behaviors and actions of those around them, but they are also beginning to develop their own sense of self and are capable of more than just imitation. Therefore, the statement that children can only mimic others during this stage is false.

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  • 36. 

    The I is the self as subject

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The statement "The I is the self as subject" is true. In this context, "I" refers to the individual's self or identity, and it is considered as the subject of one's experiences, thoughts, and actions. The term "self as subject" emphasizes the subjective nature of one's self-awareness and personal perspective. It highlights the idea that individuals have a unique and personal understanding of themselves as the central agent in their own lives.

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  • 37. 

    Piaget used the term "operational" to mean the ability to reason

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Piaget used the term "operational" to refer to the cognitive ability to think logically and reason. This term describes the stage in a child's development when they can understand and manipulate abstract concepts, solve problems, and think in a systematic and organized manner. It signifies the transition from concrete thinking to more advanced cognitive abilities. Thus, the statement is true as Piaget indeed used the term "operational" to mean the ability to reason.

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  • 38. 

    The technique of psychoanalysis was founded by Piaget and Freud ​​​

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The given statement is false. The technique of psychoanalysis was not founded by Piaget and Freud. Instead, it was founded solely by Sigmund Freud. Piaget, on the other hand, was a Swiss psychologist known for his work on cognitive development in children, but he did not contribute to the development of psychoanalysis.

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  • 39. 

    Freud assumed that to be male is normal

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Freud's assumption that being male is normal can be explained by his theory of psychosexual development. According to Freud, during the phallic stage, children develop a sense of gender identity and become aware of their own genitals. He believed that boys experience the Oedipus complex, where they develop sexual desires for their mothers and view their fathers as rivals. In contrast, girls experience the Electra complex, where they develop penis envy and feel inferior to boys. Freud's assumption of male normality is based on his belief that boys go through a more typical and desirable psychosexual development compared to girls.

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  • 40. 

    Each culture has norms of emotion that demand conformity

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In every culture, there are certain norms and expectations regarding how individuals should express and regulate their emotions. These cultural norms influence how people perceive and respond to various emotions. People are often expected to conform to these norms and display emotions that are considered appropriate or acceptable within their cultural context. Therefore, it can be concluded that each culture has norms of emotion that demand conformity, making the statement "True" accurate.

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  • 41. 

    Our social mirror sets up effective controls over our behavior

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Our social mirror refers to the influence that society and social norms have on shaping our behavior. It consists of the expectations, values, and beliefs that are ingrained in us through socialization. These societal controls play a crucial role in regulating our actions and behavior, ensuring that we conform to accepted norms and standards. By internalizing these controls, individuals are more likely to behave in a manner that aligns with social expectations, making them effective in shaping our behavior. Therefore, the statement that our social mirror sets up effective controls over our behavior is true.

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  • 42. 

    The Adler study found that athletic ability helped make boys popular

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The Adler study suggests that boys with athletic ability tend to be more popular. This means that being good at sports can positively influence a boy's popularity among their peers.

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  • 43. 

    Anticipatory socialization involves learning to play a role before actually taking on that role

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Anticipatory socialization refers to the process of learning and preparing for a future role before actually assuming that role. It involves acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes that are necessary for a specific role or position. This can happen through various means such as observing others, seeking information, or participating in activities related to the desired role. By engaging in anticipatory socialization, individuals can better understand the expectations, norms, and responsibilities associated with a particular role, allowing for a smoother transition when they eventually take on that role. Therefore, the statement "Anticipatory socialization involves learning to play a role before actually taking on that role" is true.

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  • 44. 

    A person, who was married but is now divorced and single will experience the process of resocialization

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    When a person goes through a divorce and becomes single after being married, they often have to adjust to a new lifestyle and social environment. This process of adapting to a new set of social norms, roles, and expectations is known as resocialization. It involves learning new ways of interacting with others, developing new relationships, and adjusting to a different social status. Therefore, it is true that a person who was married but is now divorced and single will experience the process of resocialization.

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  • 45. 

    Industrialization brought with it a delay in the onset of old age

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Industrialization brought about significant advancements in technology, healthcare, and living standards, which ultimately resulted in improved quality of life and increased life expectancy. As a result, people started experiencing the effects of old age at a later stage in life compared to previous generations. This delay in the onset of old age can be attributed to the positive impact of industrialization on various aspects of human life.

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  • 46. 

    In the case of Isabelle, the debate about _____ became important again

    Correct Answer
    nature vs nurture
    Explanation
    The debate about nature vs nurture became important again in the case of Isabelle. This suggests that there was a discussion or disagreement about the relative importance of genetic factors (nature) versus environmental factors (nurture) in shaping Isabelle's development or behavior. This debate likely resurfaced due to specific circumstances or evidence related to Isabelle's case.

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  • 47. 

    In a series of experiments with rhesus monkeys, the researchers Harlow and Harlow demonstrated the importance of _________

    Correct Answer
    early learning
    Explanation
    In a series of experiments with rhesus monkeys, Harlow and Harlow demonstrated the importance of early learning. Through their research, they showed that early experiences and interactions play a crucial role in the development and learning capabilities of monkeys. This highlights the significance of early learning in shaping cognitive abilities and behavior in primates.

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  • 48. 

    Charles H. Cooley coined the term ____________ to describe the process by which a sense of self develops

    Correct Answer
    looking-glass self
    Explanation
    The term "looking-glass self" was coined by Charles H. Cooley to describe the process by which a sense of self develops. This concept suggests that individuals develop their self-concept based on how they believe others perceive them. In other words, our sense of self is shaped by our understanding of how others see us, and we often base our self-perception on the feedback and reactions we receive from others. This theory highlights the social nature of human identity formation and emphasizes the role of social interactions in shaping our self-image.

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  • 49. 

    The ability to understand how the group as a whole feels and thinks is to perceive the _________

    Correct Answer
    generalized other
    Explanation
    The concept of the "generalized other" refers to the ability to understand and perceive how the group as a whole feels and thinks. It encompasses the collective attitudes, beliefs, and expectations of society or a particular social group. By perceiving the generalized other, individuals can gain insight into the shared norms and values that influence the behavior and interactions of the group.

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  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
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  • Oct 04, 2015
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    TommyDaniels7
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