Bio 503 Exam 1 Study Questions

Anterior thigh muscles (Quadriceps) extend the knee.
Posterior thigh muscles (Hamstrings: semi t. semi m. & biceps femoris) flex the knee.

The statement is true because the center of gravity is the point at which the body's mass is evenly distributed. In the human body, the center of gravity is typically located in the lower abdomen, slightly posterior to the hip joint. It is important to note that the center of gravity is not fixed and can change depending on body position and movement. In standing position, the center of gravity is anterior to the knee and ankle, which helps maintain balance and stability.

Gluteus maximus, piriformis, and triceps coxae laterally rotate the thigh.
Different portions of gluteus medius rotate the thigh medially and laterally.
Gluteus medius, minimus, and maximus are important in abducting the hip.

The MCL is attached to the medial meniscus, whereas the lateral meniscus does not have any attachments.

The femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve, and nerve to vastus medialis pass through the adductor canal.
Adductor canal terminates in the popliteal fossa.

Neither move much but they are not the same type of joint, which I thought was interesting.

This was an example question during the September 3rd lecture.

The correct answer is the Inferior gluteal nerve. The cutaneous distribution refers to the area of the skin that is supplied by a particular nerve. The Inferior gluteal nerve innervates the skin over the gluteal region, which is the area of the buttocks. The Superior gluteal nerve also innervates the gluteal region, but it does not have a cutaneous distribution. The Sciatic nerve, on the other hand, is a large nerve that runs down the back of the thigh and does not have a cutaneous distribution in the gluteal region.

In dorsiflexion, the ankle is locked. In plantarflexion, the ankle can freely invert or evert.

The saphenous nerve branches off the of the femoral nerve. It can be seen in the anterior thigh with its fellow branch, the nerve to vastus medialis.

The point of insertion for the quads is the tibial tuberosity. The quads meet at the quadriceps tendon.
The origin for the hamstrings is the ischial tuberosity.

Gastrocnemius is inferior.
Semi muscles are superior and medial.

The roof of the femoral triangle is deep fascia of the thigh.

Plantar aponeurosis is the most superficial ligament responsible for maintaining the longitudinal arch of the foot.

The popliteal artery lies right on top of the femur and is likely ruptured when the femur is broken.

The femoral nerve is a major nerve in the leg that provides sensory information to the knee joint. Proprioception refers to the body's ability to sense the position and movement of its parts. Since the femoral nerve innervates the muscles around the knee joint and provides sensory feedback, it plays a crucial role in proprioception of the knee. Therefore, the statement is true.

The tibial nerve innervates flexor hallicus longus as well as the rest of the tarsal tunnel (tibialis posterior and flexor digitorum longus).
The common fibular nerve innervates tibialis anterior as well as extensor hallicus longus, extensor digitorum longus, tibialis anterior, and the peroneals
The peroneals is another name for the fibularis longus and brevis.