Leaven Plate Tectonics Geologic Time And Fossils

2.

An example of part of the structure of the ocean floor __________.

Glacial lake
River channel
Continental shelf
Wind-blown dune
Alluvial fan

Correct Answer

A. Continental shelf

Explanation

The correct answer is continental shelf. The continental shelf refers to the submerged edge of a continent that extends from the shoreline to the continental slope. It is a relatively flat and shallow area of the ocean floor, usually found near the coast. The continental shelf is composed of continental crust and is rich in marine life, making it an important area for fishing and oil exploration.

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3.

Trace fossils are ___________.

Fossilized imprints of soft-bodied animals or plants
Segmented worms that existed during the late Precambrian
Fossilized tracks, trails, burrows and nests made by ancient animals
Small bits or remnants of the hard body parts of ancient marine animals
The thin layer of carbon left behind from plant material

Correct Answer

A. Fossilized tracks, trails, burrows and nests made by ancient animals

Explanation

Trace fossils are fossilized tracks, trails, burrows, and nests made by ancient animals. These fossils provide evidence of the activities and behaviors of organisms that lived in the past. They can give insights into the locomotion, feeding habits, and social interactions of ancient animals. By studying trace fossils, scientists can reconstruct the behavior and ecology of extinct species, even if their actual body fossils are not preserved.

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4.

Fossils that are abundant, widely dispersed and that lived during a relatively shore span of geologic time are _______________.

Reworked fossils
Haploid
Index fossils
Trace fossils
Unaltered fossils

Correct Answer

A. Index fossils

Explanation

Index fossils lived on a short span of time and are used to determine age of rock and other fossils.

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5.

The radioactive process creates stable ____________.

Particles that are expelled
Daughter atoms
Rock outcrops in Canada
Divergent boundaries
Natural selection

Correct Answer

A. Daughter atoms

Explanation

In radioactive material decays, it starts as a parent atom and turns into a new material call a daughter atom.

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6.

The term half-life is related most closely to ___________.

Relative age dating
Absolute age dating
Deformation of the asthenosphere
Formation of the lithosphere
Organic evolution

Correct Answer

A. Absolute age dating

Explanation

Absolute age is the real age of a fossil or a rock.

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7.

Plate boundaries where plates move past one another are called __________.

Divergent
Lithospheric
Convergent
Organic
Transform

Correct Answer

A. Transform

Explanation

Transform plates slide past each other.

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8.

Select the item below most closely associated with a convergent boundary.

Lateral faults
Subduction zone
Hot spots
Midoceanic ridge
Continental rifting

Correct Answer

A. Subduction zone

9.

Filling in of many small pores in a fossil by minerals is called ___________.

Replacement
Carbonization
Permineralization
Mold making
Cast making

Correct Answer

A. Permineralization

Explanation

Permineralization refers to the process in which minerals fill in the small pores of a fossil. This occurs when minerals in groundwater seep into the fossil's pores and gradually replace the original organic material, preserving the fossil's structure. Unlike carbonization, which involves the preservation of only the carbon residue of a fossil, permineralization results in a fossil that retains much of its original shape and detail. Mold making and cast making, on the other hand, involve creating replicas of fossils rather than the actual preservation of the fossil itself.

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10.

A mineral with a ratio of 1:1 among parent and daughter atoms must

Have formed only days ago
Be at the age corresponding to the second half-life
Have passed the age of the second half-life
Be at the age corresponding to the first half-life
Be worthless for age dating

Correct Answer

A. Be at the age corresponding to the first half-life

Explanation

The correct answer is "be at the age corresponding to the first half-life." This is because a mineral with a ratio of 1:1 among parent and daughter atoms indicates that half of the parent atoms have decayed into daughter atoms, which corresponds to the completion of one half-life. Therefore, the mineral must be at the age corresponding to the first half-life.

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11.

Such time units as eons, eras, periods, and epochs in the geologic time scale correspond to _______.

Seconds, minutes, hours and days
Days, hours, minutes and seconds
Seconds, hours, minutes and days
Months, days, years and hours
Hours, minutes, days and months

Correct Answer

A. Days, hours, minutes and seconds

Explanation

The geologic time scale is a system used to divide Earth's history into different time intervals. These time intervals are measured in increasingly larger units, from seconds to eons. Therefore, the correct answer is "days, hours, minutes, and seconds" as these units correspond to the smaller time intervals in the geologic time scale.

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12.

What is the difference between the relative scale and the absolute scale of geologic time?

The relative scale of geologic time is based on superposition and fossil succession, whereas radiometric dating provides an absolute scale in which events are measured in years.
The relative scale of geologic time is based on absolute scale in which events are measured in years, whereas absolute dating provides superposition and fossil succession.
The relative scale of geologic time is based on sedimentary archives, whereas absolute dating provides a final comparison between two geological entities.
The relative scale of geologic time is based on event stratigraphy and marker beds, whereas absolute dating provides a numeric scale in which events are measured by isotopes and fossils.
There is no difference between the relative scale and the absolute scale of geologic time.

Correct Answer

A. The relative scale of geologic time is based on superposition and fossil succession, whereas radiometric dating provides an absolute scale in which events are measured in years.

Explanation

The relative scale of geologic time is based on the principles of superposition and fossil succession, which allow scientists to determine the relative ages of rock layers and the fossils within them. This scale does not provide specific numerical ages, but rather a sequence of events. On the other hand, radiometric dating uses the decay of radioactive isotopes to determine the absolute ages of rocks and fossils in years. This method provides a precise numerical scale for measuring the age of geological events.

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13.

Continental mountain ranges are formed by __________.

Continental-continental crustal convergence
Oceanic-oceanic crustal convergence
Transform boundaries
Divergent boundaries in oceans
Divergent boundaries under continents

Correct Answer

A. Continental-continental crustal convergence

Explanation

Continental mountain ranges are formed by continental-continental crustal convergence. This occurs when two continental plates collide and the crust is compressed and uplifted, resulting in the formation of mountains. The collision causes the crust to buckle and fold, leading to the creation of large mountain ranges such as the Himalayas. This process is different from oceanic-oceanic crustal convergence, where two oceanic plates collide and form volcanic island arcs, and from transform boundaries and divergent boundaries, which do not result in the formation of mountain ranges.

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14.

The scientific method commonly begins with

Unproven beliefs
A hypothesis
A question
Scientific laws
Observations

Correct Answer

A. Observations

Explanation

To Observe/Observation is the first step in the scientific method.

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Leaven Plate Tectonics Geologic Time And Fossils

The age of the Earth is _____________.

Quiz Preview

An example of part of the structure of the ocean floor __________.

Trace fossils are ___________.

Fossils that are abundant, widely dispersed and that lived during a relatively shore span of geologic time are _______________.

The radioactive process creates stable ____________.

The term half-life is related most closely to ___________.

Plate boundaries where plates move past one another are called __________.

Select the item below most closely associated with a convergent boundary.

Filling in of many small pores in a fossil by minerals is called ___________.

A mineral with a ratio of 1:1 among parent and daughter atoms must

Such time units as eons, eras, periods, and epochs in the geologic time scale correspond to _______.

What is the difference between the relative scale and the absolute scale of geologic time?

Continental mountain ranges are formed by __________.

The scientific method commonly begins with