Atoms, Elements, And The Periodic Table

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  • 1/22 Questions

    A compound is a substance made up of different types of elements.

    • True
    • False
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About This Quiz

Did you know that Francium is the most rare element on the earth’s surface? The periodic table gives the learner a way of knowing the various elements in existence and their characteristics. Take up this easy test and see if you understood the unit on atoms and elements perfectly. Good luck!

Atoms, Elements, And The Periodic Table - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Electrons are found both inside and outside the nucleus of the atom.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Electrons are actually found only outside the nucleus of an atom. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, while electrons occupy the electron shells or energy levels surrounding the nucleus. These negatively charged particles are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus, creating a stable atomic structure. Therefore, the statement that electrons are found both inside and outside the nucleus is false.

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  • 3. 

    In a stable atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    In a stable atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. This is because protons have a positive charge, while electrons have a negative charge. The positive charge of the protons is balanced by the negative charge of the electrons, resulting in a neutral atom. If the number of protons and electrons were not equal, the atom would have a net charge and would be considered an ion, rather than a stable atom. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 4. 

    An electron has a __________ charge.

    • Negative

    • Neutral

    • Constantly changing

    • Positive

    Correct Answer
    A. Negative
    Explanation
    An electron always has a negative charge.

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  • 5. 

    What does the nucleus of an atom consist of?  Choose the best 2 answers.

    • Electrons

    • Neutrons

    • Protons

    • Photons

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Neutrons
    A. Protons
    Explanation
    The nucleus of an atoms contains protons and neutrons. Electrons are always found outside of the nucleus. A photon is a small particle of light.

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  • 6. 

    What is the atomic number of an atom?  Choose the best response.

    • The number of electrons it contains

    • The number of protons it contains

    • The row of the Periodic Table to which it belongs

    • The number of naturally occurring isotopes it has

    Correct Answer
    A. The number of protons it contains
    Explanation
    The atomic number of an atom refers to the number of protons it contains. Protons are subatomic particles with a positive charge that are found in the nucleus of an atom. The atomic number determines the identity of the element, as each element has a unique number of protons. Therefore, the best response is "the number of protons it contains."

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  • 7. 

    Two atoms covalently bonded together are more stable than individual atoms.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    When two atoms form a covalent bond, they share electrons, which results in a more stable configuration. This stability is achieved because the shared electrons help to fill the outermost electron shells of both atoms, satisfying the octet rule. By sharing electrons, the atoms achieve a lower energy state and become more stable compared to when they were individual atoms. Therefore, the statement that two atoms covalently bonded together are more stable than individual atoms is true.

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  • 8. 

    At atom that loses an electron has a positive charge.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. In a neutral atom, the number of protons and electrons is equal, resulting in no net charge. When an atom loses an electron, it has more protons than electrons, giving it a positive charge.

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  • 9. 

    What is an element?  Choose the best answer.

    • Any substance containing multiple atoms of any type

    • Any substance that readily reacts with another substance

    • A substance consisting of only one type of atom

    • A substance consisting of more than 2 types of atoms

    Correct Answer
    A. A substance consisting of only one type of atom
    Explanation
    For something to be called an "element", it can only contain one type of atom.

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  • 10. 

    How would you best define valence electrons?

    • The electrons in the outer energy level of an atom

    • Electrons that are able to become protons

    • The electrons closest to the nucleus

    • Electrons that are not vital to the atom's integrity

    Correct Answer
    A. The electrons in the outer energy level of an atom
    Explanation
    Valence electrons are located in the outer energy level of the atoms. These are the electrons that are involved in bonding.

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  • 11. 

    What are the only two elements in the first period of the Periodic Table?

    • Hydrogen

    • Lithium

    • Helium

    • Carbon

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Hydrogen
    A. Helium
    Explanation
    The first period of the Periodic Table consists of only two elements, hydrogen and helium. Hydrogen is the first element and has an atomic number of 1. It is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. Helium is the second element in the first period and has an atomic number of 2. It is a noble gas and is known for its low density and low reactivity. These two elements are the only ones present in the first period of the Periodic Table.

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  • 12. 

    What three pieces of information are given one each square of a typical Periodic Table?

    • Atomic symbol

    • Atomic number

    • Atomic charge

    • Atomic weight

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Atomic symbol
    A. Atomic number
    A. Atomic weight
    Explanation
    The three pieces of information given in each square of a typical Periodic Table are the atomic symbol, which represents the chemical element, the atomic number, which indicates the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom, and the atomic weight, which represents the average mass of the atom. The atomic charge is not typically provided in the Periodic Table as it can vary depending on the specific ion or isotope of the element.

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  • 13. 

    Choose the two responses that best describe an atom.

    • Atoms are the small building blocks of all matter.

    • Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons.

    • Atoms are made of smaller substances called sub-atoms.

    • Atoms can only be found in living things.

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Atoms are the small building blocks of all matter.
    A. Atoms contain protons, neutrons, and electrons.
    Explanation
    Atoms are the smallest building blocks of all matter. Atoms are found in everything in our solar system including non-living things.

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  • 14. 

    How would you best describe two atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons, but differing amounts of neutrons?

    • Isotopes

    • Neutron imbalanced

    • Ions

    • Isomers

    Correct Answer
    A. Isotopes
    Explanation
    Isotopes are best described as two atoms that have the same number of protons and electrons but differing amounts of neutrons. Isotopes of an element have the same atomic number but different atomic masses. This is because the number of neutrons in the nucleus varies between isotopes, while the number of protons and electrons remains the same.

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  • 15. 

    In the Periodic Table, horizontal rows are called groups and vertical columns are called periods.

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Horizontal rows are called periods and vertical columns are called groups.

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  • 16. 

    Which two gasses below are characterized as noble gasses on the Periodic Table?

    • Argon

    • Xenon

    • Oxygen

    • Nitrogen

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Argon
    A. Xenon
    Explanation
    Argon and xenon are noble gases, which are found in Group 18 of the Periodic Table. These gases are characterized by their lack of chemical reactivity due to having a full valence electron shell. This makes them stable and unlikely to form compounds under standard conditions. Argon is commonly used in lighting and welding, while xenon is used in specialized light sources and medical imaging.

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  • 17. 

    Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.  

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This difference in neutron number affects the atomic mass of the isotopes but does not significantly alter their chemical properties.

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  • 18. 

    What terms describes an atoms that has gained or lost an electron?

    • An element

    • An isotope

    • An ionic bond

    • An ion

    Correct Answer
    A. An ion
    Explanation
    An ion is a term used to describe an atom that has gained or lost an electron. When an atom gains an electron, it becomes negatively charged and is called a negative ion or an anion. On the other hand, when an atom loses an electron, it becomes positively charged and is called a positive ion or a cation. Ions play a crucial role in chemical reactions and the formation of compounds.

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  • 19. 

    Which two of the following scientists proposed theories about atoms?

    • Ernest Rutherford

    • Francis Crick

    • Charles Darwin

    • Niels Bohr

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Ernest Rutherford
    A. Niels Bohr
    Explanation
    Francis Crick helped to show that DNA had a double helix structure, and Charles Darwin proposed theories of evolution.

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  • 20. 

    How is a stable hydrogen atom different from every other atom?  Choose the best answer.

    • It has no protons.

    • It's electrons spin in the opposite direction.

    • It has an uneven ratio of protons to electrons.

    • It does not need a neutron.

    Correct Answer
    A. It does not need a neutron.
    Explanation
    A hydrogen atoms does not need a neutron in it's stable form. All other atoms need the same number of protons and neutrons to be stable.

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  • 21. 

    What is the difference between covalent bonds and ionic bonds?  Choose the best response.

    • Covalent bonds can occur in nature. Ionic bonds can only be artificially created.

    • In covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms. In ionic bonds, protons are shared between atoms.

    • In covalent bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another. In ionic bonds, electrons are shared between atoms.

    • In covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms. In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

    Correct Answer
    A. In covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms. In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
    Explanation
    Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, while ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another. This means that in covalent bonds, the electrons are shared, while in ionic bonds, the electrons are transferred. This is the key difference between the two types of bonds.

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  • 22. 

    Which of the following contains more than one type of atom?  Choose the best answers.

    • Four oxygen atoms

    • A compound

    • A human being

    • An element

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. A compound
    A. A human being
    Explanation
    A compound contains more than one type of atom because it is formed when two or more different elements chemically combine. In the case of a human being, it is made up of various elements such as carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, among others. Therefore, both a compound and a human being contain more than one type of atom.

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  • Current Version
  • Jan 16, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 03, 2016
    Quiz Created by
    Stscm02
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