Quiz 3 Solid Earth Unit

Divergent boundaries occur where tectonic plates move away from each other. As they separate, magma rises to fill the gap, cools, and solidifies, creating new crust. This process is known as seafloor spreading when it occurs beneath the ocean, and it leads to the formation of mid-ocean ridges. Therefore, the statement "Divergent, divergent boundaries create new crust" is correct.

Alfred Wegner was a German scientist who developed the Theory of Continental Drift. This theory proposed that the continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea, and over time, they gradually moved apart to their current positions. Wegner supported his theory with evidence from fossil records, rock formations, and the fit of the continents. Although his theory was initially met with skepticism, it laid the foundation for the modern understanding of plate tectonics, which explains the movement of Earth's lithospheric plates.

The correct answer is Layer A because it is the outermost layer of the diagram, which is typically referred to as the crust. The crust is the Earth's thin, solid outermost layer composed of rocks and minerals. It is divided into continental crust and oceanic crust, with the continental crust being thicker and less dense than the oceanic crust. Layer A represents the crust in this diagram.

Layer A is the crust because it is the outermost layer of the diagram. The crust is the Earth's thin, solid outermost layer, composed mainly of rock and divided into continental and oceanic crust. In the diagram, Layer A is the topmost layer, indicating that it is the crust.

The inner core can be identified as Layer D because it is the innermost layer in the diagram.

The inner core can be identified as Layer D because it is located at the center of the diagram. It is the innermost layer, surrounded by layers A, B, and C.

The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, where we live. It is the thinnest layer and consists of solid rock. The other layers mentioned in the options (mantle, inner core, and outer core) are all beneath the crust. The mantle is a semi-solid layer, while the inner core and outer core are both made of molten metal. However, it is the crust that is closest to the surface and where human life exists.

The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth, where we live. It is the thinnest layer, consisting of solid rock and soil. The crust is divided into continental crust, which forms the land masses, and oceanic crust, which forms the ocean floor. This layer is where all life on Earth exists, including humans.

Transform boundaries, convergent boundaries, and divergent boundaries are all types of plate boundaries. At transform boundaries, two plates slide past each other horizontally, causing friction and stress that can lead to earthquakes. Convergent boundaries occur when two plates collide, and the denser plate is forced beneath the other in a process called subduction. This can also generate earthquakes. Divergent boundaries happen when two plates move away from each other, creating a gap where new crust is formed. The movement and separation of plates at divergent boundaries can cause earthquakes as well. Therefore, it is true that earthquakes can be produced at transform, convergent, and divergent boundaries.

Layer B is the mantle because it is located between the crust (Layer A) and the core (Layer D). The mantle is a thick layer of hot, solid rock that surrounds the core. It is responsible for the movement of tectonic plates and the convection currents that drive plate tectonics.

The mantle is the layer of the Earth located between the crust and the core. In the given diagram, Layer B is identified as the mantle.

When plates collide into each other, they create a convergent boundary. This type of boundary occurs when two plates move towards each other, resulting in the collision and subsequent formation of mountains, trenches, and volcanic activity. The collision can lead to the subduction of one plate beneath the other, forming a subduction zone. This process is responsible for the formation of features like the Himalayas and the Andes Mountains.

Plates that slide past each other create a transform boundary. Transform boundaries occur when two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other. This movement can cause earthquakes as the plates grind against each other. Unlike convergent boundaries where plates collide or divergent boundaries where plates move apart, transform boundaries involve only horizontal motion.

Divergent boundaries occur when two tectonic plates separate. This means that the plates move away from each other, creating a gap in the Earth's crust. As they move apart, magma from the mantle rises to fill the space, creating new crust. This process is responsible for the formation of mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys on land. Divergent boundaries are associated with volcanic activity and the creation of new crust, making them an important part of plate tectonics.

The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth's surface. It is composed of solid rocks and is the layer that directly interacts with the atmosphere and hydrosphere. Erosion and weathering are processes that break down rocks and reshape the Earth's surface. These processes are primarily active on the Earth's crust due to its exposure to weather elements like rain and wind. Therefore, the crust is the layer that can be worn down by erosion and weathering.

The correct answer is Crust. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth's surface and is composed of solid rock. It is the layer that is directly exposed to the elements and can be affected by erosion and weathering processes. Weathering, caused by factors like rain and wind, breaks down rocks over time, while erosion transports the broken rock particles away. Therefore, the crust is the layer that can be worn down by erosion and weathering.

When plates move away from each other, they create a divergent boundary. At these boundaries, new crust is formed as magma rises up from the mantle and solidifies, causing the plates to separate. This process occurs primarily along mid-ocean ridges, where new oceanic crust is continuously being created. Divergent boundaries can also occur on land, leading to the formation of rift valleys. In contrast, convergent boundaries involve plates colliding, transform boundaries involve plates sliding past each other horizontally, and oceanic and continental refer to the types of crust involved in the boundary.

The asthenosphere is the layer of the Earth that causes the tectonic plates to shift or move. It is located just below the lithosphere, which is the rigid outer layer of the Earth. The asthenosphere is semi-fluid and has a plastic-like consistency, allowing the tectonic plates to move and slide over it. This movement is responsible for various geological phenomena such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountain ranges. The other options, including the lithosphere, mesosphere, and outer core, do not play a direct role in the movement of tectonic plates.

Convergent plate boundaries are responsible for the formation of mountains. When two tectonic plates collide, they can push against each other, causing the crust to buckle and fold, resulting in the formation of mountains. This process is known as orogeny. The collision can also lead to the subduction of one plate beneath the other, creating volcanic activity and further contributing to mountain formation. Examples of mountain ranges formed at convergent plate boundaries include the Himalayas, the Andes, and the Alps.

The correct answer is "Just B and C" because both a puzzle and a jigsaw puzzle are fitting descriptions for how these plates fit the Earth. Just like puzzle pieces or jigsaw puzzle pieces, the Earth's plates fit together to form a larger picture or structure. The term "glove" does not accurately describe the fitting of the Earth's plates.