Introduction To Research - Test 2 - Quiz, Flashcards & Trivia

1. Interviewing is a data collection method that is suitable for illiterate.

True

False

Interviewing is a data collection method that is suitable for illiterate individuals because it involves conducting face-to-face or verbal interviews, where the interviewer asks questions and records the responses provided by the interviewee. This method does not require reading or writing skills, making it accessible for illiterate individuals to participate and provide their answers orally.

Explanation

Interviewing is a data collection method that is suitable for illiterate individuals because it involves conducting face-to-face or verbal interviews, where the interviewer asks questions and records the responses provided by the interviewee. This method does not require reading or writing skills, making it accessible for illiterate individuals to participate and provide their answers orally.

2. Sensitivity is the ability of a test to correctly identify those who have the disease, while specificity is its ability to identify those who don't have the disease.

True

False

This statement is true because sensitivity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify individuals who have the disease, meaning it has a low rate of false negatives. On the other hand, specificity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify individuals who do not have the disease, meaning it has a low rate of false positives. So, sensitivity and specificity are both important measures of a test's accuracy in diagnosing a disease.

Explanation

This statement is true because sensitivity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify individuals who have the disease, meaning it has a low rate of false negatives. On the other hand, specificity refers to the test's ability to correctly identify individuals who do not have the disease, meaning it has a low rate of false positives. So, sensitivity and specificity are both important measures of a test's accuracy in diagnosing a disease.

3. Permitting examination of past trends is an advantage of which data collection techniques?

Using available information

Observing

Interviewing

Adminstering written questionnairs

Using available information allows for the examination of past trends because it involves gathering and analyzing existing data that has already been collected. This can include data from various sources such as research studies, surveys, reports, and databases. By utilizing available information, researchers can identify patterns, trends, and relationships over time, which can provide valuable insights and inform decision-making processes.

Explanation

Using available information allows for the examination of past trends because it involves gathering and analyzing existing data that has already been collected. This can include data from various sources such as research studies, surveys, reports, and databases. By utilizing available information, researchers can identify patterns, trends, and relationships over time, which can provide valuable insights and inform decision-making processes.

4. The largest collection of entities for which there is an interest at a particular time is:

Population

Sample

Inference

Statistic

The largest collection of entities for which there is an interest at a particular time is referred to as the population. In statistics, a population is the entire group being studied, which can be individuals, objects, or events. It represents the complete set of elements that possess the characteristics of interest to the researcher. By studying the entire population, researchers aim to make generalizations and draw conclusions about the entire group, rather than just a subset or sample.

Explanation

The largest collection of entities for which there is an interest at a particular time is referred to as the population. In statistics, a population is the entire group being studied, which can be individuals, objects, or events. It represents the complete set of elements that possess the characteristics of interest to the researcher. By studying the entire population, researchers aim to make generalizations and draw conclusions about the entire group, rather than just a subset or sample.

5. Prevalence is the number of new cases in a population.

True

False

Prevalence is the number of new and old cases in a population.
Incidence is the number of new cases in a population.

Explanation

Prevalence is the number of new and old cases in a population.
Incidence is the number of new cases in a population.

6. Verbal fluency test is a screening test used for dementia. Based on the table below, what is probability of getting a negative reult that is really negative?

	Dementia positive	Dementia negative
Positive test	640	100
Negative test	160	100

10/26

16/26

64/74

10/74

Find the negative predicted value (NPV).

Explanation

Find the negative predicted value (NPV).

7. An advantage of snowball sampling is that it is dependant

True

False

A disadvantage of snow ball sampling is that it is not independant (it is dependant).

Explanation

A disadvantage of snow ball sampling is that it is not independant (it is dependant).

8. Time consuming is a disadvatage of which type of non-probablistic sampling?

Judgment sampling

Quota sampling

Convenience sampling

2 of the answers are correct

Both judgment sampling and quota sampling are time consuming.

Explanation

Both judgment sampling and quota sampling are time consuming.

9. The fecal immunochemical test is a screening test for colon cancer. If its specificity was 60% and its sensitivity was 80% and the negative predictive value was 25%. What is the prevalence of colon cancer?

0.9 (90%)

0.85 (85%)

0.8 (80%)

0.95 (95%)

Use Bayes' rule and solve for P(D).

Explanation

Use Bayes' rule and solve for P(D).

10. HIV antibody conformation test is a screening test for AIDS. Based on the table below, what is the probability of getting a negative test if the person is infected?

	Test positive	Test negative
AIDS positive	420	90
AIDS negative	280	210

9/51

42/51

9/49

21/49

Find the probability of getting a false negative test.

Explanation

Find the probability of getting a false negative test.