Dr Gawad Physiology Course Online Exams - ANS Introduction, Autonomic Ganglia

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Dr Gawad Physiology Course Online Exams - Ans Introduction, Autonomic Ganglia - Quiz

5 MCQs (Only one correct answer)
Each MCQ: 1 mark, Total mark: 5 (you will get the results immediately with correction by the web)
Allowed time: 7 minGood Luck

Questions and Answers

1.

The autonomic N.S. differs from the somatic N.S in having:
- A.
  
  A connector neuron which comes outside the CNS (preganglionic neuron) and a postganglionic neuron which supplies the organ.
- B.
  
  Origin from all segments of the spinal cord.
- C.
  
  A complete control on skeletal muscles.
- D.
  
  Origin from the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord
Correct Answer
A. A connector neuron which comes outside the CNS (preganglionic neuron) and a postganglionic neuron which supplies the organ.

Explanation
The autonomic nervous system differs from the somatic nervous system in having a connector neuron (preganglionic neuron) that comes outside the central nervous system and a postganglionic neuron that supplies the organ. This is in contrast to the somatic nervous system, which does not have this type of connector neuron. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions, such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing, while the somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements of skeletal muscles.

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2.

The autonomic ganglia all are true except:
- A.
  
  Are relay stations for all preganglionic fibers passing through them.
- B.
  
  Are the site of relay of efferent neurons.
- C.
  
  Function as distributing centers.
- D.
  
  Are located outside the CNS.
Correct Answer
A. Are relay stations for all preganglionic fibers passing through them.

Explanation
The autonomic ganglia are not relay stations for all preganglionic fibers passing through them. While they do serve as relay stations for some preganglionic fibers, not all fibers pass through the ganglia. Some preganglionic fibers bypass the ganglia and synapse directly with postganglionic neurons. Therefore, this statement is not true.

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3.

Concerning the autonomic ganglia, all the following is true except:
- A.
  
  They act as distributing centers.
- B.
  
  They are 3 types.
- C.
  
  Their chemical transmitter is acetylcholine.
- D.
  
  The preganglionic fibers may pass through them without relay.
- E.
  
  None of the above
Correct Answer
E. None of the above

Explanation
The autonomic ganglia do act as distributing centers, as they receive signals from the preganglionic fibers and transmit them to the postganglionic fibers. There are indeed three types of autonomic ganglia: sympathetic ganglia, parasympathetic ganglia, and enteric ganglia. The chemical transmitter used by the autonomic ganglia is not acetylcholine, but rather norepinephrine for sympathetic ganglia and acetylcholine for parasympathetic ganglia. The preganglionic fibers do not pass through the autonomic ganglia without relay, as they synapse with the postganglionic fibers within the ganglia. Therefore, the correct answer is "None of the above."

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4.

The sympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers:
- A.
  
  Which supply the abdominal viscera relay in the sympathetic chain.
- B.
  
  Originate at the autonomic ganglia.
- C.
  
  Are myelinated nerve fibers
- D.
  
  Show minimal divergence in the autonomic ganglia.
Correct Answer
C. Are myelinated nerve fibers

Explanation
The sympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers are myelinated nerve fibers. These fibers originate at the autonomic ganglia and relay in the sympathetic chain. They show minimal divergence in the autonomic ganglia, meaning that they have a more direct and specific pathway compared to other nerve fibers.

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8
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5.

The following reflexes are all autonomic reflex action except:
- A.
  
  Salivary secretion.
- B.
  
  Micturition.
- C.
  
  Flexion of the arm following a painful stimulus.
- D.
  
  Acceleration of the heart after haemorrhage.
Correct Answer
C. Flexion of the arm following a painful stimulus.

Explanation
The flexion of the arm following a painful stimulus is not an autonomic reflex action. Autonomic reflex actions are involuntary and controlled by the autonomic nervous system, which regulates bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and urination. The flexion of the arm in response to pain is a somatic reflex action, controlled by the somatic nervous system, which governs voluntary movements.

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Dr Gawad Physiology Course Online Exams - Ans Introduction, Autonomic Ganglia

The autonomic N.S. differs from the somatic N.S in having:

The autonomic ganglia all are true except:

Concerning the autonomic ganglia, all the following is true except:

The sympathetic preganglionic nerve fibers:

The following reflexes are all autonomic reflex action except: