Urinary System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 124

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Nurse Vic is monitoring the fluid intake and output of a female client recovering from an exploratory laparotomy. Which nursing intervention would help the client avoid a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

    • Maintaining a closed indwelling urinary catheter system and securing the catheter to the leg
    • Limiting fluid intake to 1 L/day
    • Encouraging the client to use a feminine deodorant after bathing
    • Encouraging the client to douche once a day after removal of the indwelling urinary catheter
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Urinary System Disorders | NCLEX Quiz 124 - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    A male client is admitted for treatment of glomerulonephritis. On initial assessment. Nurse Miley detects one of the classic signs of acute glomerulonephritis of sudden onset. Such signs include:

    • Generalized edema. especially of the face and periorbital area.

    • Green-tinged urine.

    • Moderate to severe hypotension.

    • Polyuria.

    Correct Answer
    A. Generalized edema. especially of the face and periorbital area.
    Explanation
    Generalized edema. especially of the face and periorbital area. is a classic sign of acute glomerulonephritis of sudden onset. Other classic signs and symptoms of this disorder include hematuria (not green-tinged urine). proteinuria. fever. chills. weakness. pallor. anorexia. nausea. and vomiting. The client also may have moderate to severe hypertension (not hypotension). oliguria or anuria (not polyuria). headache. reduced visual acuity. and abdominal or flank pain.

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  • 3. 

    Nurse Eve is caring for a client who had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Which nursing intervention promotes urinary continence?

    • Encouraging intake of at least 2 L of fluid daily

    • Giving the client a glass of soda before bedtime

    • Taking the client to the bathroom twice per day

    • Consulting with a dietitian

    Correct Answer
    A. Encouraging intake of at least 2 L of fluid daily
    Explanation
    By encouraging a daily fluid intake of at least 2 L. the nurse helps fill the client’s bladder. thereby promoting bladder retraining by stimulating the urge to void.Option B: The nurse shouldn’t give the client soda before bedtime; soda acts as a diuretic and may make the client incontinent.Option C: The nurse should take the client to the bathroom or offer the bedpan at least every 2 hours throughout the day; twice per day is insufficient.Option D: Consultation with a dietitian won’t address the problem of urinary incontinence.

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  • 4. 

    A client reports experiencing vulvar pruritus. Which assessment factor may indicate that the client has an infection caused by Candida albicans?

    • Cottage cheese–like discharge

    • Yellow-green discharge

    • Gray-white discharge

    • Discharge with a fishy odor

    Correct Answer
    A. Cottage cheese–like discharge
    Explanation
    The symptoms of C. albicans include itching and a scant white discharge that has the consistency of cottage cheese.Option B: Yellow-green discharge is a sign of Trichomonas vaginalis.Options C and D: Gray-white discharge and a fishy odor are signs of Gardnerella vaginalis.

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  • 5. 

    A 24-year old female client has just been diagnosed with condylomata acuminata (genital warts). What information is appropriate to tell this client?

    • This condition puts her at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore. she should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear annually.

    • The most common treatment is metronidazole (Flagyl). which should eradicate the problem within 7 to 10 days.

    • The potential for transmission to her sexual partner will be eliminated if condoms are used every time they have sexual intercourse.

    • The human papillomavirus (HPV). which causes condylomata acuminata. can’t be transmitted during oral sex.

    Correct Answer
    A. This condition puts her at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore. she should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear annually.
    Explanation
    Women with condylomata acuminata are at risk for cancer of the cervix and vulva. Yearly Pap smears are very important for early detection. Option B: Because condylomata.Option B: Because condylomata acuminata is a virus. there is no permanent cure.Option C: Because condylomata acuminata can occur on the vulva. a condom won’t protect sexual partners.Option D: HPV can be transmitted to other parts of the body. such as the mouth. oropharynx. and larynx.

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  • 6. 

    Nurse Grace is assessing a male client diagnosed with gonorrheA. Which symptom most likely prompted the client to seek medical attention?

    • Rashes on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

    • Cauliflower-like warts on the penis

    • Painful red papules on the shaft of the penis

    • Foul-smelling discharge from the penis

    Correct Answer
    A. Foul-smelling discharge from the penis
    Explanation
    Symptoms of gonorrhea in men include purulent. foul-smelling drainage from the penis and painful urination.Option A: Rashes on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet are symptoms of the secondary stage of syphilis.Option B: Cauliflower-like warts on the penis are a sign of human papillomavirus.Option C: Painful red papules on the shaft of the penis may be a sign of the first stage of genital herpes.

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  • 7. 

    A female client with a urinary tract infection is prescribed co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Nurse Dolly should provide which medication instruction?

    • “Take the medication with food.”

    • “Drink at least eight 8-oz glasses of fluid daily.”

    • “Avoid taking antacids during co-trimoxazole therapy.”

    • “Don’t be afraid to go out in the sun.”

    Correct Answer
    A. “Drink at least eight 8-oz glasses of fluid daily.”
    Explanation
    When receiving a sulfonamide such as co-trimoxazole. the client should drink at least eight 8-oz glasses of fluid daily to maintain a urine output of at least 1.500 ml/day. Otherwise. inadequate urine output may lead to crystalluria or tubular deposits.Option A: For maximum absorption. the client should take this drug at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals.Option C: No evidence indicates that antacids interfere with the effects of sulfonamides.Option D: To prevent a photosensitivity reaction. the client should avoid direct sunlight during co-trimoxazole therapy.

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  • 8. 

    Nurse Erica is planning to administer a sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) enema to a client with a potassium level of 5.9 mEq/L. Correct administration and the effects of this enema would include having the client:

    • Retain the enema for 30 minutes to allow for sodium exchange; afterward. the client should have diarrhea.

    • Retain the enema for 30 minutes to allow for glucose exchange; afterward. the client should have diarrhea.

    • Retain the enema for 60 minutes to allow for sodium exchange; diarrhea isn’t necessary to reduce the potassium level.

    • Retain the enema for 60 minutes to allow for glucose exchange; diarrhea isn’t necessary to reduce the potassium level.

    Correct Answer
    A. Retain the enema for 30 minutes to allow for sodium exchange; afterward. the client should have diarrhea.
    Explanation
    Kayexalate is a sodium exchange resin. Thus the client will gain sodium as potassium is lost in the bowel. For the exchange to occur. Kayexalate must be in contact with the bowel for at least 30 minutes. Sorbitol in the Kayexalate enema causes diarrhea. which increases potassium loss and decreases the potential for Kayexalate retention.

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  • 9. 

    When caring for a male client with acute renal failure (ARF). Nurse Fatrishia expects to adjust the dosage or dosing schedule of certain drugs. Which of the following drugs would not require such adjustment?

    • Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

    • Gentamicin sulfate (Garamycin)

    • Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)

    • Ticarcillin disodium (Ticar)

    Correct Answer
    A. Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
    Explanation
    Because acetaminophen is metabolized in the liver. its dosage and dosing schedule need not be adjusted for a client with ARF.Options B and D: In contrast. the dosages and schedules for gentamicin and ticarcillin. which are metabolized and excreted by the kidney. should be adjusted.Option C: Because cyclosporine may cause nephrotoxicity. the nurse must monitor both the dosage and blood drug level in a client receiving this drug.

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  • 10. 

    A female client with an indwelling urinary catheter is suspected of having a urinary tract infection. Nurse Angel should collect a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity by:

    • Disconnecting the tubing from the urinary catheter and letting the urine flow into a sterile container.

    • Wiping the self-sealing aspiration port with antiseptic solution and aspirating urine with a sterile needle.

    • Draining urine from the drainage bag into a sterile container.

    • Clamping the tubing for 60 minutes and inserting a sterile needle into the tubing above the clamp to aspirate urine.

    Correct Answer
    A. Wiping the self-sealing aspiration port with antiseptic solution and aspirating urine with a sterile needle.
    Explanation
    Most catheters have a self-sealing port for obtaining a urine specimen. Antiseptic solution is used to reduce the risk of introducing microorganisms into the catheter. Option A: Tubing shouldn’t be disconnected from the urinary catheter. Any break in the closed urine drainage system may allow the entry of microorganisms. Option C: Urine in urine drainage bags may not be fresh and may contain bacteria. giving false test results. Option D: When there is no urine in the tubing. the catheter may be clamped for no more than 30 minutes to allow urine to collect.

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  • Current Version
  • Aug 18, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Oct 09, 2017
    Quiz Created by
    Santepro
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