MGT101- Financial Accounting 01

When a business purchases a vehicle on cash, the transaction will result in a debit to the Vehicle account. This is because the Vehicle account represents the assets of the business, and the purchase of a vehicle is an increase in assets. The cash account will not be debited since the business paid for the vehicle using cash, which means that there is no decrease in the cash balance. The Business account will not be debited as it represents the owner's equity and is not directly impacted by the purchase of a vehicle.

A journal voucher is a document used to record financial transactions in a company's general ledger. It includes the name of the organization, debit amount, and credit amount. However, the bank receipt number is not typically included in a journal voucher as it is a unique identifier for a specific transaction and is usually recorded separately in the bank's records.

BECAUSE

An operating expense, operating expenditure, operational expense,
operational expenditure or OPEX is an on-going cost for running a
product, business, or system. Its counterpart, a capital expenditure
(CAPEX), is the cost of developing or providing non-consumable parts
for the product or system. For example, the purchase of a photocopier
is the CAand the annual paper and toner cost is the OPEX. For larger
systems like businesses, OPEX may also include the cost of workers and
facility expenses such as rent and utilities.

At the end of the year, the balance in the drawings account is transferred to the Capital account. This is because the drawings account is used to track the withdrawals made by the owner(s) from the business for personal use. By transferring the balance to the Capital account, it reflects the reduction in the owner's equity due to the withdrawals. The Capital account represents the owner's investment in the business, so it is appropriate to adjust it by the amount of the drawings.

After recording the transactions in the journal, the next step in the accounting cycle is posting. Posting involves transferring the information from the journal to the respective accounts in the general ledger. This step ensures that all transactions are properly categorized and organized in the correct accounts. By posting, the financial information is accurately recorded and can be used for further analysis and preparation of financial statements.

This scenario is an example of an error of omission because the goods sold to Mr. Salman were not recorded in the books of accounts. This means that the transaction was completely left out and not included in the financial records.

A decrease in assets is recorded as a credit, not a debit. When an asset decreases, it means that the company has less of that asset, which is a reduction in value. In accounting, credits are used to record decreases in assets, while debits are used to record increases. Therefore, the statement "Decrease in Assets will be debit" is incorrect.

The administrative expenses can be calculated by subtracting the sum of salaries, purchases, and rent from the total expenses. In this case, the total expenses would be Rs. 2500 + Rs. 18000 + Rs. 400 = Rs. 20800. Subtracting this from the total expenses gives us Rs. 2900, which is the administrative expenses.

Fixed assets are shown at written down value in the balance sheet. This means that their value is reduced over time to reflect depreciation. Current assets, liquid assets, and floating assets are typically shown at their original or market value in the balance sheet.

The correct answer is Debiting Mr. A’s account and crediting Mr. B’s account. This is because the sales of Rs. 336 were mistakenly debited to Mr. B's account instead of Mr. A's account. To rectify this error, the amount needs to be debited from Mr. B's account and credited to Mr. A's account, ensuring that the correct accounts reflect the transaction.

The cash book is a part of the general ledger. The general ledger is the main accounting record that contains all the financial transactions of a company. It is organized into different accounts, such as cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable. The cash book specifically tracks all cash transactions, including receipts and payments. By recording these transactions in the cash book, they can be accurately reflected in the general ledger, providing a complete and accurate picture of the company's financial position.

In a single entry system, only one aspect of a transaction is recorded, typically the cash aspect. This means that there is no double-entry bookkeeping, which is necessary for preparing a trial balance. A trial balance is a statement that lists all the debit and credit balances in the ledger accounts to ensure that they are equal and the books are in balance. In a single entry system, since only one aspect of a transaction is recorded, it is not possible to prepare a trial balance.

Under the diminishing balance method, depreciation is calculated based on the book value of the asset. The book value is the original cost of the asset minus the accumulated depreciation. This method assumes that the asset will lose more value in the earlier years of its useful life and less value in the later years. By calculating depreciation based on the book value, the diminishing balance method allows for a faster depreciation expense in the earlier years, reflecting the higher rate of value loss.

If depreciation is given in the trial balance, it means that the depreciation amount has already been deducted from the concerned asset. This is because depreciation is an expense that represents the decrease in value of an asset over time. Therefore, it will be shown as an expense in the income statement only. It will not be deducted from the concerned asset in the balance sheet. All of the given options are correct as they accurately describe the implications of depreciation being given in the trial balance.

If the amount of new provision and the amount of bad debts combined is less than the amount of old provision, it means that the company has set aside more money than necessary for potential losses. In this case, the excess provision is considered as income and is shown on the credit side of the Profit & Loss account. This is because it increases the company's profits for the period.

Purchasing cleaning services is an example of an operating expense because it is a cost incurred in the day-to-day operations of a business. It is a necessary expense to maintain the cleanliness and hygiene of the business premises, which directly supports the business's operations. Unlike the other options listed, purchasing cleaning services does not involve acquiring assets or making investments in other companies, which are usually classified as capital expenditures.

When an asset is disposed of at its cost price, the entry would be to debit the Fixed Asset Disposal account to recognize the disposal of the asset, and to credit the Fixed Asset Cost account to reduce the value of the asset on the books. This entry reflects that the asset has been removed from the company's records and the cost of the asset is being adjusted accordingly.

1-error of original entery is to enter wrong amount
2-error of ommission is to forget to make entry
3-error of principle is to make entry in a wrong head of account like instead of making entry in debtors account , to make entry in creditors account
4-error of commission is to record entry in wrong head of account but account types would be same