Matter And Energy Unit Test 777 (English)

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  • 1/25 Questions

    The tiny particles that make up all matter are called

    • Genes
    • Atoms
    • Minerals
    • Cells
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About This Quiz

The 'Matter and Energy Unit Test 777' assesses understanding of basic chemical concepts including atomic structure, element properties, and molecular composition. It focuses on the use of the Periodic Table, identification of elements, and atomic charges, enhancing foundational chemistry knowledge.

Matter And Energy Unit Test 777 (English) - Quiz

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  • 2. 
    Which diagram best represents molecules of matter in the solid phase? - ProProfs

    Which diagram best represents molecules of matter in the solid phase?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 2
    Explanation
    Diagram 2 represents molecules of matter in the solid phase because the molecules are tightly packed together in a regular pattern. This is characteristic of solids, where the particles are held closely together by strong intermolecular forces. Diagram 1 shows particles that are not tightly packed and are more spread out, which is not characteristic of solids. Diagrams 3 and 4 show particles that are not held together in a regular pattern, which is also not characteristic of solids. Therefore, diagram 2 is the best representation of molecules of matter in the solid phase.

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  • 3. 
     Which statement best describes the property of light waves illustrated in the diagram below? - ProProfs

     Which statement best describes the property of light waves illustrated in the diagram below?

    • Some materials absorb light waves

    • Some materials reflect light waves

    • Light waves are refracted by some materials

    • Light waves are emitted by some materials

    Correct Answer
    A. Light waves are refracted by some materials
    Explanation
    The diagram shows a light wave passing through a material and changing direction. This phenomenon is known as refraction, which occurs when light waves travel from one medium to another with a different refractive index. Therefore, the statement "Light waves are refracted by some materials" best describes the property of light waves illustrated in the diagram.

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  • 4. 

     Which model is used by scientists to determine the properties of elements?

    • A Punnett square

    • The Periodic Table

    • A pedigree chart

    • The rock cycle

    Correct Answer
    A. The Periodic Table
    Explanation
    The correct answer is the Periodic Table. Scientists use the Periodic Table to determine the properties of elements. It organizes all known elements based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. This allows scientists to understand and predict the behavior and characteristics of different elements, such as their atomic mass, atomic radius, electronegativity, and more. The Periodic Table is an essential tool in chemistry and helps scientists study and analyze the properties of elements.

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  • 5. 
    The four diagrams below model the results of mixing atoms of different substances. Each atom is represented by a different symbol. Which diagram correctly models a chemical change? - ProProfs

    The four diagrams below model the results of mixing atoms of different substances. Each atom is represented by a different symbol. Which diagram correctly models a chemical change?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 2
    Explanation
    In diagram 2, the two different symbols representing atoms are combined and rearranged to form a completely new and different symbol. This indicates a chemical change, as the atoms have undergone a chemical reaction and formed a new substance. In the other diagrams, the symbols representing atoms are simply mixed together without any rearrangement or formation of new substances, which indicates a physical change rather than a chemical change.

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  • 6. 

     Hydrochloric acid is added to a beaker containing a piece of zinc. As a result, zinc chloride is formed and hydrogen gas is released. This is an example of

    • A chemical reaction

    • A physical change

    • Photosynthesis

    • Evaporation

    Correct Answer
    A. A chemical reaction
    Explanation
    When hydrochloric acid is added to a piece of zinc, a chemical reaction occurs. This is evident from the formation of zinc chloride and the release of hydrogen gas. In a chemical reaction, new substances are formed with different properties from the original substances. In this case, the zinc and hydrochloric acid react to form zinc chloride, which is a completely different compound. Additionally, the release of hydrogen gas indicates that a chemical change has taken place. Therefore, the correct answer is that this is an example of a chemical reaction.

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  • 7. 

     When a person speaks into a telephone, sound energy is changed mostly into which form of energy?

    • Heat

    • Light

    • Electrical

    • Chemical

    Correct Answer
    A. Electrical
    Explanation
    When a person speaks into a telephone, the sound energy produced by their voice is converted mostly into electrical energy. This is because the sound waves created by the person's voice cause the microphone in the telephone to vibrate. These vibrations are then converted into electrical signals, which are transmitted through the telephone wires to the receiver. The electrical signals are then converted back into sound waves, allowing the person on the other end of the line to hear the speaker's voice.

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  • 8. 

    A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry on a sunny day. The shirt dries because water molecules

    • Gain heat energy and condense

    • Gain heat energy and evaporate

    • Lose heat energy and condense

    • Lose heat energy and evaporate

    Correct Answer
    A. Gain heat energy and evaporate
    Explanation
    On a sunny day, the shirt dries because the water molecules in the fabric gain heat energy from the sun. This increased heat energy causes the water molecules to gain enough kinetic energy to overcome the forces of attraction between them, leading to the process of evaporation. As a result, the water molecules transition from a liquid state to a gaseous state, allowing the shirt to dry.

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  • 9. 
    How is heat energy transferred within the liquid water in the pond? - ProProfs

    How is heat energy transferred within the liquid water in the pond?

    • Compound formation

    • Convection currents

    • Chemical reactions

    • Nuclear reactions

    Correct Answer
    A. Convection currents
    Explanation
    Heat energy is transferred within the liquid water in a pond through convection currents. Convection is the process by which heat is transferred through the movement of a fluid, in this case, the water. As the water near the bottom of the pond is heated by the sun or other heat sources, it becomes less dense and rises to the surface. This movement creates a current, carrying the heat energy with it. At the surface, the water cools down and becomes denser, then sinks back down to be heated again. This continuous cycle of rising and sinking creates convection currents, allowing heat energy to be distributed throughout the water in the pond.

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  • 10. 
     The table below shows the chemical symbols for some common elements. Based on the information in the table, which of the four substance below is a compound?    - ProProfs

     The table below shows the chemical symbols for some common elements. Based on the information in the table, which of the four substance below is a compound?   

    • CO

    • Si

    • Fe

    • He

    Correct Answer
    A. CO
    Explanation
    The chemical symbol CO represents carbon monoxide, which is a compound composed of carbon and oxygen atoms. Therefore, CO is the only substance listed that is a compound. Si, Fe, and He are all chemical symbols for elements (silicon, iron, and helium) and not compounds.

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  • 11. 

    Which form of energy is needed to change water from a liquid to a gas?

    • Heat

    • Mechanical

    • Chemical

    • Sound

    Correct Answer
    A. Heat
    Explanation
    Heat energy is needed to change water from a liquid to a gas. When heat is applied to water, the molecules gain energy and move faster, causing the water to evaporate and change into a gaseous state. This process is known as evaporation, and it requires the input of heat energy.

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  • 12. 
    Some common substances and their chemical formulas are listed in the chart below. Which of these substances are elements? - ProProfs

    Some common substances and their chemical formulas are listed in the chart below. Which of these substances are elements?

    • Hydrochloric acid and carbonic acid

    • Carbon dioxide and water

    • Oxygen and water

    • Helium and oxygen

    Correct Answer
    A. Helium and oxygen
    Explanation
    The correct answer is helium and oxygen. Helium (He) and oxygen (O) are both elements, meaning they cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) and carbonic acid (H2CO3) are compounds made up of multiple elements, while carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) are also compounds.

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  • 13. 

    Which statement is true about the charges assigned to an electron and a proton?

    • Both an electron and a proton are positive

    • An electron is positive and a proton is negative

    • An electron is negative and a proton is positive

    • Both an electron and a proton are negative

    Correct Answer
    A. An electron is negative and a proton is positive
    Explanation
    An electron is negatively charged because it has a surplus of electrons compared to its protons. A proton, on the other hand, is positively charged because it has a surplus of protons compared to its electrons. This charge difference between electrons and protons is what allows for the attraction and formation of stable atoms.

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  • 14. 

     A student crumples up a sheet of paper.  Which property of the paper has changed?

    • Color

    • Mass

    • State

    • Shape

    Correct Answer
    A. Shape
    Explanation
    When the student crumples up the sheet of paper, the property that changes is the shape of the paper. The paper goes from being flat to being crumpled, which alters its shape.

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  • 15. 
    Which diagram represents electromagnetic energy with the shortest wavelength? - ProProfs

    Which diagram represents electromagnetic energy with the shortest wavelength?

    • A

    • B

    • C

    • D

    Correct Answer
    A. B
    Explanation
    Diagram B represents electromagnetic energy with the shortest wavelength. This can be determined by comparing the wavelengths of the waves in each diagram. In Diagram B, the distance between the peaks of the waves is the shortest, indicating a shorter wavelength.

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  • 16. 

     The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing

    • Atomic number

    • Mass number

    • Number of isotopes

    • Number of moles

    Correct Answer
    A. Atomic number
    Explanation
    The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. This is because the atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity. As you move across the Periodic Table from left to right, the atomic number increases by one, indicating the addition of one proton. This arrangement allows for a systematic organization of elements based on their atomic properties and provides valuable information about their chemical behavior and relationships.

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  • 17. 

     Which substance is usually found in nature as a liquid, solid, and gas?

    • Water

    • Rock

    • Metal

    • Glass

    Correct Answer
    A. Water
    Explanation
    Water is usually found in nature as a liquid, solid, and gas. This is because water can exist in three different states of matter depending on the temperature and pressure. At normal room temperature and pressure, water exists as a liquid. At lower temperatures, it can freeze and become a solid (ice), while at higher temperatures, it can evaporate and become a gas (water vapor). Therefore, water is the substance that can exist in all three states naturally.

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  • 18. 
     The diagram below shows the geometric structure of a molecule of water (H2O).  What do the symbols    and    represent in the model? - ProProfs

     The diagram below shows the geometric structure of a molecule of water (H2O).  What do the symbols    and    represent in the model?

    • Genetic material

    • Chemical bonds

    • Cells

    • Atoms

    Correct Answer
    A. Atoms
    Explanation
    The symbols in the model represent atoms. In the diagram, the symbols "H" and "O" represent the atoms of hydrogen and oxygen, respectively. Atoms are the basic building blocks of matter and they combine to form molecules. In the case of water, two hydrogen atoms bond with one oxygen atom to form a water molecule (H2O). Therefore, the symbols in the model represent the atoms present in the molecule of water.

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  • 19. 
     Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat energy on the motion of molecules of matter? - ProProfs

     Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat energy on the motion of molecules of matter?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 3
    Explanation
    Graph 3 correctly shows the effect of heat energy on the motion of molecules of matter. As the heat energy increases, the motion of molecules also increases. This is represented by the increase in the amplitude of the graph. The graph shows a positive correlation between heat energy and molecular motion, indicating that as one increases, the other also increases.

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  • 20. 

     Sound will not travel in a

    • Solid

    • Gas

    • Liquid

    • Vacuum

    Correct Answer
    A. Vacuum
    Explanation
    Sound requires a medium to travel through, such as a solid, liquid, or gas, because it relies on the vibration of particles in the medium to transmit energy. In a vacuum, there is no medium for sound waves to propagate, so sound cannot travel. This is because a vacuum is devoid of particles, making it impossible for them to vibrate and transmit sound waves.

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  • 21. 
    Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change? - ProProfs

    Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change?

    • Waves form on the top of the pond.

    • Water soaks into the wet sand.

    • The water splashes out of the swimming pool.

    • The water level in the glass of water decreases.

    Correct Answer
    A. The water level in the glass of water decreases.
    Explanation
    The water level in the glass of water decreases can be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change because when water evaporates, it changes from a liquid phase to a gas phase. As the water molecules gain energy, they become more energetic and move faster, eventually escaping the liquid surface and entering the air as water vapor. This process leads to a decrease in the water level in the glass.

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  • 22. 
     The diagram below shows a boy observing a fish located at position B below the surface of the water. The boy sees the fish at position A. The apparent position of the fish is different from the actual position of the fish. What has happened to the light passing through the water to cause this difference? - ProProfs

     The diagram below shows a boy observing a fish located at position B below the surface of the water. The boy sees the fish at position A. The apparent position of the fish is different from the actual position of the fish. What has happened to the light passing through the water to cause this difference?

    • Reflection

    • Absorption

    • Compression

    • Refraction

    Correct Answer
    A. Refraction
    Explanation
    When light passes from one medium to another, such as from air to water, it changes speed and direction. This phenomenon is known as refraction. In this scenario, when light from the fish travels from the water to the air, it bends or changes direction at the water-air interface. As a result, the fish appears to be at a different position (A) than its actual position (B) below the surface of the water. Therefore, refraction is responsible for the apparent position of the fish being different from its actual position.

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  • 23. 
     The picture below shows a ringing bell inside a vacuum jar. As air is pumped from the vacuum jar, the sound level of the ringing bell will decrease until it can no longer be heard. This happens because air must be present in the jar in order for - ProProfs

     The picture below shows a ringing bell inside a vacuum jar. As air is pumped from the vacuum jar, the sound level of the ringing bell will decrease until it can no longer be heard. This happens because air must be present in the jar in order for

    • Sound to be transferred

    • Electricity to flow through the wires

    • The rubber to seal the jar

    • The bell clanger to vibrate

    Correct Answer
    A. Sound to be transferred
    Explanation
    When air is pumped out of the vacuum jar, the sound level of the ringing bell will decrease and eventually become inaudible. This is because sound requires a medium, such as air, to travel through. In the absence of air in the jar, there is no medium for the sound waves to propagate, resulting in the decrease and eventual disappearance of the sound.

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  • 24. 

    A common characteristic of sound waves is that they

    • Are created by vibrations

    • Travel in straight lines toward the source

    • Travel fastest through empty space

    • Move at the speed of light

    Correct Answer
    A. Are created by vibrations
    Explanation
    Sound waves are created by vibrations because sound is a mechanical wave that requires a medium, such as air, water, or solids, to propagate. When an object vibrates, it causes the surrounding particles of the medium to vibrate, creating a disturbance that travels as a sound wave. This vibration of particles is what allows sound waves to be produced and transmitted from a source to a receiver.

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  • 25. 

    Chemical and physical changes are a part of everyday life. What are 2 ways that humans use chemical changes and physical changes to their advantage? (Use RAFFT or any short response technique to answer this quesiton in the space provided)

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  • Apr 25, 2024
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 11, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    Omnilearnscience
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