Malignant Hyperthermia Quiz: MCQ!

Explanation
Malignant Hyperthermia Crisis is indeed caused by exposure to anesthetic inhalation agents or depolarizing neuromuscular blockers. This condition is a potentially life-threatening reaction to certain medications used during general anesthesia. It is characterized by a rapid rise in body temperature, muscle rigidity, and other symptoms. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial in managing this crisis.

Explanation
The onset of Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) can indeed occur within minutes of the induction of the triggering agent. MH is a potentially fatal reaction to certain medications used during general anesthesia, and it is characterized by a rapid increase in body temperature, muscle rigidity, and other symptoms. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and death. Therefore, it is important for healthcare providers to be aware of the potential rapid onset of MH after administering the triggering agent.

Explanation
The statement suggests that the MH cart is located near the pyxis in the PACU. Since the answer is "True," it can be inferred that the MH cart is indeed near the pyxis in the PACU.

Explanation
In a post-surgical patient, the presence of unexplained tachycardia (rapid heart rate), hyperthermia (high body temperature), and hypertension (high blood pressure) suggests the possibility of malignant hyperthermia (MH). MH is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition that can occur as a reaction to certain medications used during anesthesia. It is important to treat it as MH until proven otherwise because prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and ensure patient safety. Therefore, the given answer of "True" is correct.

Explanation
The question is asking how many teams are needed to mix Dantrolene. The correct answer is 2, indicating that only the nursing supervisor is needed. This suggests that the task of mixing Dantrolene can be accomplished by a single nursing supervisor without the need for additional teams or personnel.

Explanation
Heart failure is not a risk factor for malignant hyperthermia (MH). MH is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition triggered by certain medications used during general anesthesia. It is characterized by a severe reaction of the body's muscles to these medications. Risk factors for MH include a family history of the condition, exhaustion, and dehydration. However, heart failure is not directly associated with the development of MH.

Explanation
The early signs of MH (malignant hyperthermia) include an increase in end-tidal CO2, muscle rigidity, ventricular dysrhythmias, and hypoxia. These signs indicate that the patient may be experiencing an adverse reaction to anesthesia, which can lead to a life-threatening condition. Hypokalemia and bradycardia are not typically associated with MH.

Explanation
Late signs of malignant hyperthermia (MH) include increased creatine kinase, coagulopathy, cola colored urine, and increased damage to the kidneys. These signs indicate that the condition has progressed and is causing systemic effects. Increased creatine kinase levels suggest muscle breakdown, which is a characteristic of MH. Coagulopathy refers to abnormal blood clotting, which can occur due to the release of certain substances during MH. Cola colored urine is a sign of myoglobinuria, which is the presence of muscle breakdown products in the urine. Increased damage to the kidneys indicates the severe impact of MH on organ function.

Explanation
During an MH crisis, the body experiences excessive muscle breakdown, leading to the release of myoglobin into the bloodstream. Myoglobin can cause kidney damage and result in decreased urine output. Therefore, the expected urine output during diuresis in an MH crisis should be greater than 1ml/kg/hr to ensure adequate renal function and prevent further complications.

Explanation
The correct answer is 25%. This means that out of all MH events, 25% of them are likely to reoccur. This could indicate that there is a pattern or a recurring factor that contributes to these events happening again. It is important to study and understand these reoccurring events in order to prevent or mitigate their impact in the future.

Explanation
The given statement is true. The MH hotline number is indeed 1-800-644-9737.

Explanation
When a patient is stable, it is standard practice to transfer them to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for 24 hours. This is done to ensure that the patient receives close monitoring and specialized care during this critical period. The ICU is equipped with advanced medical equipment and highly trained staff who can provide immediate attention and intervention if any complications arise. Therefore, transferring a stable patient to the ICU for 24 hours is a necessary precautionary measure to ensure their well-being and recovery.

Explanation
All of the interventions listed are necessary for the treatment of MH. Quickly resolving hyperkalemia is important to prevent cardiac complications. Administering Dantrolene helps to block the release of calcium in muscle cells, reducing muscle contractions and preventing further complications. Cooling the patient's core temperature to 38 degrees C or 100.4 degrees F helps to reduce metabolic activity and prevent further heat production. Hyperventilating the patient helps to lower carbon dioxide levels and prevent acidosis. Therefore, all of these interventions are essential in the treatment of MH.

Explanation
During a MH (malignant hyperthermia) crisis, it is crucial to monitor glucose levels every 1 hour. This frequency allows for close monitoring of glucose levels, which can fluctuate rapidly during a crisis. By checking glucose levels every hour, healthcare professionals can ensure that the patient's blood sugar remains within a safe range and take appropriate actions if any abnormalities are detected.

Explanation
The given correct answer is "Yes". This suggests that the person has indeed reviewed the DCH policy on Malignant Hyperthermia.