Basic Lung Anatomy Test: Quiz!

1. The left lung is made up of how many lobes?

1

2

3

4

5

The left lung is made up of two lobes.

Explanation

The left lung is made up of two lobes.

2. When foreign objects are aspirated into the trachea, they will usually pass into the right primary bronchus because:

It is larger, straighter and shorter than the left

It is more curved, longer and smaller than the left

It is straighter, longer and larger than the left

It is at a 90 degree angle to the trachea

There really is no good reason

The right primary bronchus is larger, straighter, and shorter than the left primary bronchus. This anatomical difference makes it more likely for foreign objects to pass into the right primary bronchus when aspirated into the trachea.

Explanation

The right primary bronchus is larger, straighter, and shorter than the left primary bronchus. This anatomical difference makes it more likely for foreign objects to pass into the right primary bronchus when aspirated into the trachea.

3. Which of the following describes a characteristic of the left lung?

Horizontal fissure

A groove for the superior vena cava

Three lobar bronchi

Lingula of the lung

A larger capacity than the right lung

The lingula of the lung is a characteristic of the left lung. It is a small, tongue-shaped projection on the superior surface of the left lung, which corresponds to the middle lobe of the right lung. The lingula is located just above the cardiac notch and is an important landmark for identifying the left lung during medical examinations and procedures.

Explanation

The lingula of the lung is a characteristic of the left lung. It is a small, tongue-shaped projection on the superior surface of the left lung, which corresponds to the middle lobe of the right lung. The lingula is located just above the cardiac notch and is an important landmark for identifying the left lung during medical examinations and procedures.

4. The bifurcation of the trachea lies at about the level of the:

Plane of the sternal angle

Xiphisternal junction

Second thoracic vertebra

Attachment of the 4th costal cartilage to the sternum

Plane of the jugular notch

The correct answer is the plane of the sternal angle. The sternal angle, also known as the angle of Louis, is an important landmark on the sternum. It is formed by the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum. The bifurcation of the trachea, where it splits into the left and right main bronchi, occurs at this level. This landmark is commonly used in clinical practice to locate the trachea during procedures such as endotracheal intubation.

Explanation

The correct answer is the plane of the sternal angle. The sternal angle, also known as the angle of Louis, is an important landmark on the sternum. It is formed by the articulation of the manubrium and the body of the sternum. The bifurcation of the trachea, where it splits into the left and right main bronchi, occurs at this level. This landmark is commonly used in clinical practice to locate the trachea during procedures such as endotracheal intubation.

5. Which structure below leaves the most pronounced impression on the right lung of the cadaver?

Right vagus nerve

Azygos vein

Right phrenic nerve

Thoracic aorta

Right common carotid artery

The azygos vein is a large vein that drains blood from the posterior thoracic wall into the superior vena cava. It runs on the right side of the vertebral column and passes over the right lung, making it the structure that leaves the most pronounced impression on the right lung of the cadaver. The right vagus nerve, right phrenic nerve, thoracic aorta, and right common carotid artery do not have a direct impact on the right lung in the same way as the azygos vein.

Explanation

The azygos vein is a large vein that drains blood from the posterior thoracic wall into the superior vena cava. It runs on the right side of the vertebral column and passes over the right lung, making it the structure that leaves the most pronounced impression on the right lung of the cadaver. The right vagus nerve, right phrenic nerve, thoracic aorta, and right common carotid artery do not have a direct impact on the right lung in the same way as the azygos vein.

6. The lymph nodes found in the hilum of the lung are the:

Pulmonary lymph nodes

Bronchopulmonary lymph nodes

Tracheobronchial lymph nodes

Bronchomediastinal lymph nodes

Anterior mediastinal lymph nodes

The lymph nodes found in the hilum of the lung are called pulmonary lymph nodes. The hilum is the area where the blood vessels, bronchi, and lymphatic vessels enter and exit the lung. The pulmonary lymph nodes are located in this region and play a crucial role in filtering and draining lymph fluid from the lungs. They help in the immune response by trapping and removing foreign particles, pathogens, and cancer cells from the lymphatic fluid.

Explanation

The lymph nodes found in the hilum of the lung are called pulmonary lymph nodes. The hilum is the area where the blood vessels, bronchi, and lymphatic vessels enter and exit the lung. The pulmonary lymph nodes are located in this region and play a crucial role in filtering and draining lymph fluid from the lungs. They help in the immune response by trapping and removing foreign particles, pathogens, and cancer cells from the lymphatic fluid.