Loudspeakers Quiz Questions And Answers

Subwoofers should be placed on the floor because they are designed to produce low-frequency sounds that are omnidirectional and non-localizable. Placing them on the floor allows for better bass distribution throughout the room and prevents the sound from being localized in one specific area. Additionally, placing subwoofers on the floor helps to minimize unwanted vibrations and resonances that can occur when they are placed at higher levels.

The correct answer is driver (transducer), enclosure (cabinet/box), crossover. These are the essential component parts of a loudspeaker. The driver, also known as the transducer, is responsible for converting electrical signals into sound waves. The enclosure, or cabinet/box, provides a housing for the driver and helps to enhance the sound quality by reducing unwanted vibrations. The crossover is a circuit that separates the audio signal into different frequency ranges and directs them to the appropriate drivers, ensuring a balanced and accurate sound reproduction. Speaker cable is not a component part of a loudspeaker, although it is necessary for connecting the loudspeaker to an audio source.

The slope of a crossover refers to how quickly it attenuates frequencies above or below the crossover point. A crossover is a circuit that splits an audio signal into different frequency ranges and sends them to different drivers (such as tweeters and woofers) in a speaker system. The slope determines how rapidly the signal is rolled off or reduced in amplitude as it moves away from the crossover point. A steeper slope will result in a more pronounced reduction in signal strength, while a gentler slope will allow more frequencies to pass through. Therefore, the slope of a crossover determines the rate at which it attenuates frequencies above or below the crossover point.

Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) refers to the measurement of the distortion caused by harmonics in an electrical system. Harmonics are additional frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency and can be generated by non-linear loads. THD quantifies the amount of harmonic distortion present in a signal or system by comparing the total power of the harmonics to the power of the fundamental frequency. It is an important parameter in evaluating the quality and efficiency of electrical systems, as excessive harmonic distortion can lead to equipment malfunction, power losses, and interference with other devices.

The correct answer is LF, C, RF, LS, RS, and a subwoofer. This answer is correct because it includes all the mentioned channels in the system. The system incorporates 6 matrixed channels - L, C, R, S, with LFE, which means it includes a left front channel, center channel, right front channel, left surround channel, right surround channel, and a subwoofer. Therefore, LF, C, RF, LS, RS, and a subwoofer are the correct channels incorporated in the 5.1 system.

Compliance refers to the ease with which the cone of a driver moves. It is a measure of the driver's flexibility and responsiveness to the electrical signals it receives. A driver with high compliance will be able to move more easily, resulting in better sound reproduction and accuracy. On the other hand, a driver with low compliance will be less flexible and may not accurately reproduce the sound signals.

When two identical loudspeakers are powered by 100 watts each, the total power output is 200 watts. The measurement of 60 dB SPL indicates the sound pressure level produced by this setup. When one of the speakers is turned off, the total power output is reduced to 100 watts. This reduction in power will result in a decrease in the sound pressure level. Therefore, the new measurement would be 57 dB SPL, indicating a lower sound pressure level compared to the original measurement.

Speaker wire runs that are more than 100 feet and are connected to an 8 ohm load should be 12 gauge. This is because longer wire runs result in higher resistance, and using a thicker wire (lower gauge number) helps to minimize this resistance. The 12 gauge wire has a larger cross-sectional area compared to the other options, allowing for better conductivity and reduced voltage drop over longer distances. This ensures that the speakers receive an adequate amount of power and prevents signal loss or degradation.

The damping factor of an amplifier refers to its ability to control the movement of a speaker driver. Back-emf, or back electromotive force, is the voltage generated by the speaker driver when it moves. It is important to reduce or eliminate back-emf because it can interfere with the amplifier's performance and cause distortion. By reducing back-emf, the amplifier can better control the movement of the driver and produce cleaner and more accurate sound reproduction.

Crossovers are electronic circuits used in audio systems to divide the audio signal into different frequency ranges and send them to the appropriate speakers. They protect high frequency drivers by preventing them from receiving low frequency signals that they cannot handle, which could potentially damage them. Additionally, crossovers improve the sound of low frequency drivers by ensuring that they only receive the frequencies they are designed to reproduce, resulting in a more accurate and balanced audio output.

Bi-amping and Tri-amping are setups using active crossovers and multiple power amps. This means that instead of using a single amplifier to power all the drivers in a speaker enclosure, separate amplifiers are used for each driver. Active crossovers are used to divide the audio signal into different frequency ranges, which are then sent to the corresponding amplifier and driver. This allows for more precise control over each driver's performance and can result in improved sound quality and accuracy.

The spider is a part of a moving coil driver that fastens the cone to the basket while allowing it to move. It is a flexible and supportive structure made of a series of concentric corrugations. The spider helps to center the voice coil in the magnetic gap and provides stability and control to the movement of the cone, allowing it to vibrate and produce sound accurately.

Low frequency horns are designed to help focus low frequencies and provide a longer throw of these frequencies. This means that they help to concentrate and direct the low frequency sound waves in a specific direction, allowing them to travel further without significant loss in intensity. By focusing the low frequencies, the horns enhance their projection and increase their range, making them more audible over long distances. Therefore, the correct answer is that low frequency horns help focus low frequencies and provide a longer throw of low frequencies.

Bridging an amplifier increases its power output because it allows the amplifier to combine the power from two channels and deliver it to a single speaker. By bridging the amplifier, the power output is effectively doubled, resulting in a higher wattage and increased sound volume. This is a common technique used to maximize the power output of amplifiers in audio systems.

In a moving coil driver, the voice coil interacts with the permanent magnet to create cone movement. The permanent magnet provides a constant magnetic field, and when an electric current passes through the voice coil, it creates a magnetic field that interacts with the permanent magnet. This interaction causes the voice coil to move back and forth, which in turn moves the cone of the speaker, producing sound.

The mouth of a low frequency horn must be 1/4 of the wavelength of the lowest frequency you want it to reproduce. This is because the mouth of the horn acts as an opening through which the sound waves generated by the horn can escape. In order to effectively reproduce low frequencies, the mouth of the horn needs to be a certain size relative to the wavelength of the sound waves. By making the mouth 1/4 of the wavelength, it allows for efficient transmission and reproduction of the low frequency sound waves.

An active crossover system can be damaged if the engineer is not careful. This is because active crossovers require a higher level of technical knowledge and expertise to set up and operate correctly. If the engineer makes mistakes in the configuration or handling of the system, it can lead to damage to the components or overall system failure. Therefore, it is essential for the engineer to exercise caution and precision while working with an active crossover system to prevent any potential damage.

The best-suited amplifier for a driver with a continuous power rating of 100 watts would be an amplifier that can provide at least the same amount of power or more. Among the options given, the amplifier that offers the highest continuous power rating is 150 watts continuous, per channel. This amplifier would be able to handle the power requirements of the driver and provide sufficient power for optimal performance.

Studio monitors are a type of loudspeaker specifically designed for accurate and neutral sound reproduction. They are commonly used in recording studios and audio production environments where it is crucial to hear the audio as accurately as possible. Unlike other types of speakers listed, such as telephone speakers or PA speakers, studio monitors are designed to provide a flat frequency response and minimize distortion, allowing sound engineers and producers to make precise adjustments to the audio during the mixing and mastering process. Therefore, studio monitors are the most suitable option for sound reproduction in professional audio settings.

Piezoelectric drivers are known for their high efficiency, which means they can convert a large portion of electrical energy into mechanical energy. This makes them ideal for applications where energy conservation is important. However, they are also very fragile due to their delicate construction and sensitivity to mechanical stress. This makes them susceptible to damage and limits their durability. Therefore, while they are efficient in energy conversion, their fragility poses a risk and requires careful handling and protection.

The correct answer is "output of these frequencies will vary by a maximum of +/- 3dB." This means that the output level of frequencies within the range of 20Hz to 20kHz will not deviate more than +/- 3dB from the reference level. In other words, the sound produced at these frequencies may be slightly louder or softer, but the difference will not exceed 3dB. This specification provides information about the frequency response of a device or system, indicating its ability to accurately reproduce audio within this range.

Back EMF refers to the electromotive force that is generated when a current-carrying conductor, such as a voice coil, moves within a magnetic field. In the case of a speaker driver, when the voice coil moves in response to an electrical signal, it generates a magnetic field that opposes the original magnetic field. This opposition creates a back EMF, which is essentially a current that opposes the original current driving the voice coil. This back EMF is important in controlling the movement of the voice coil and ensuring accurate reproduction of audio signals.

The sensitivity spec of a loudspeaker indicates how loud it will be when driven by a certain amount of power at a specific distance. In this case, the sensitivity spec is given as 98dB-SPL 1w @ 1m, which means that the loudspeaker will produce a sound level of 98 decibels sound pressure level (dB-SPL) when driven by 1 watt of power at a distance of 1 meter.

To find out how loud the loudspeaker will be when driven by 250 watts at 1 meter, we need to consider that each 3dB increase in sound level represents a doubling of sound intensity. Therefore, we can calculate the increase in sound level by taking the logarithm base 10 of the power ratio (250 watts divided by 1 watt), which is approximately 24dB.

Adding this increase to the sensitivity spec of 98dB-SPL, we get a total sound level of 122dB-SPL. Therefore, the correct answer is 122 dB-SPL.

DIM100 is a measurement of inter-modulation distortion. Inter-modulation distortion refers to the distortion that occurs when two or more frequencies interact with each other in a non-linear system, resulting in the creation of additional frequencies that are not present in the original signal. DIM100 specifically measures the inter-modulation distortion at a frequency of 100 Hz. This measurement helps to assess the quality and accuracy of audio equipment and systems by quantifying the level of distortion introduced when multiple frequencies are present.

Quarter space loading refers to placing a loudspeaker in a corner of a room, which creates a boundary effect that boosts the low-frequency response. This positioning results in a +6dB boost in omnidirectional frequencies, meaning that the sound produced by the loudspeaker in all directions will be amplified by 6 decibels in the low-frequency range.

The impedance of a loudspeaker varies with frequency. Impedance is the opposition to the flow of alternating current, and it is affected by the characteristics of the loudspeaker. Different frequencies can cause variations in the impedance of the loudspeaker, which can impact the overall performance and sound quality. Therefore, frequency is an important factor to consider when dealing with the impedance of a loudspeaker.

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Slew rate is a measurement of an amplifier's transient response. Transient response refers to how quickly the amplifier can respond to sudden changes in input signals. A higher slew rate indicates that the amplifier can handle rapid changes in input voltage, resulting in better accuracy and fidelity of the amplified signal. Therefore, the correct answer is an amplifier's transient response.

Ported boxes are designed to improve the low frequency response of speakers by allowing air to move in and out of the enclosure, which enhances the bass reproduction. Additionally, ported boxes can also improve the efficiency of the drivers by allowing them to move more freely, resulting in better overall performance. Therefore, the correct answer is "improve low frequency response & improve driver efficiency."

To operate 4 speakers in a parallel connection, the power amplifier needs to be able to handle the combined power of all the speakers. Since each speaker is rated at 50 watts, the total power required would be 4 speakers x 50 watts = 200 watts. Among the given options, the only amplifier that can handle this power is 1000 watts (continuous) @ 4 ohms. This amplifier not only meets the power requirement but also has the correct impedance (4 ohms) for the parallel connection.