Light Transduction + Receptive Field

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1. In the dark, photoreceptors release NTs continuously

Explanation

In the dark, photoreceptors release neurotransmitters continuously. This is because in the absence of light, the photoreceptors are constantly depolarized, causing them to release neurotransmitters. This continuous release of neurotransmitters helps to maintain a baseline level of activity in the visual system, allowing for the detection of even very low levels of light.

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About This Quiz
Light Transduction + Receptive Field - Quiz

Explore the mechanisms of light transduction and receptive fields in this engaging quiz. Understand what makes photoreceptors unique, the behavior of rods and cones, and how photoreceptors operate... see morein different lighting conditions. Perfect for students in neuroscience or visual sciences. see less

2. Rods follow the stimulus change closely, whereas cones have a latency in their response.

Explanation

Latency of response for rods is longer- rise time and fall time are longer- and then membrane changes slower in rods whereas cone response follows the stimulus change more closely

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3. When a photon of light strikes Rhodopsin, phosphodiesterase (PDE) becomes:

Explanation

When a photon of light strikes Rhodopsin, it causes a conformational change in the molecule. This conformational change activates phosphodiesterase (PDE). Therefore, the correct answer is "active".

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4. The definition of a receptive field is only applied to ganglion cells.

Explanation

can be applied to any visual neuron: PR, BP, GC, H, A

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5. What is the purpose of cGMP in photorecptors?

Explanation

Decreasing the cGMP in the cytosol results in the CLOSURE of the Na channels when light is around

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6. What is the voltage potential inside a photoreceptor in the dark? What is it in presence of light?

Explanation

In the light, the Na channels in the OS are closed and therefore the Na that's being pumped out of the IS cannot get back into the PR. Since Na is + charged, there will be a decrease in the membrane potential (more negative) when light is present vs in the dark.

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7. In the dark, Na channels are closed, preventing Na to enter the OS.

Explanation

In the dark, Na channels are open and Na flows into the OS. Light results in a closure of the Na channels so that Na doesn't flow back into the OS.

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8. As part of the dark current, Na is continuously pumped out of the OS and follows it's concentration gradient and enters the photoreceptor in the IS

Explanation

Opposite is true. Na pumped out of IS and then follows gradient to flow back into the PR through the OS.

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9. What makes photoreceptors unique?

Explanation

Photoreceptors are unique because they exhibit all of the mentioned characteristics. They only have membrane potential changes, meaning that their response to light stimuli is solely based on changes in their membrane potential. Additionally, they hyperpolarize when excited, which means that their membrane potential becomes more negative. Lastly, they decrease neurotransmitter (NT) release when excited, indicating that their response to light leads to a reduction in the release of neurotransmitters. Therefore, all of the above statements accurately describe the unique features of photoreceptors.

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10. Light needs to be present during the entire time that Rho is being transformed into opsin and all-trans retinal

Explanation

(I'm not sure that I've articulated this question very well...but check out pg. 161 picture for more clarification)

The only thing that the absorption of light does to Rho is convert it to Beta-Rho. All other changes occur at normal body temperature.

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11. Active PDE results DIRECTLY in conversion of:

Explanation

This results in a decrease in the cGMP concentration in the cytosol of the PR because it has been converted into GMP

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In the dark, photoreceptors release NTs continuously
Rods follow the stimulus change closely, whereas cones have a latency...
When a photon of light strikes Rhodopsin, phosphodiesterase (PDE)...
The definition of a receptive field is only applied to ganglion cells.
What is the purpose of cGMP in photorecptors?
What is the voltage potential inside a photoreceptor in the dark? What...
In the dark, Na channels are closed, preventing Na to enter the OS.
As part of the dark current, Na is continuously pumped out of the OS...
What makes photoreceptors unique?
Light needs to be present during the entire time that Rho is being...
Active PDE results DIRECTLY in conversion of:
Alert!

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