Lesson 4 Assessment. Kyoto Protocol.

2.

Which of the following is not a Kyoto Flexibility Mechanism?

Emissions Trading
Adaptation Mechanism
Joint Implementation
Clean Development Mechanism
Differentiated Respnsibility

Correct Answer(s)

A. Adaptation Mechanism
A. Differentiated Respnsibility

Explanation

The Kyoto Protocol established three flexibility mechanisms: Emissions Trading, Joint Implementation, and Clean Development Mechanism. These mechanisms aim to help countries meet their emission reduction targets in a cost-effective manner. Adaptation Mechanism and Differentiated Responsibility, on the other hand, are not flexibility mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol. Adaptation Mechanism refers to the strategies and actions taken to adapt to the impacts of climate change, while Differentiated Responsibility is a principle that recognizes the varying responsibilities and capabilities of countries in addressing climate change.

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3.

Kyoto Protocol is a legally binding agreement.

True
False

Correct Answer

A. True

Explanation

The Kyoto Protocol is a legally binding agreement because it is an international treaty that was adopted in 1997 and entered into force in 2005. It sets specific targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions for developed countries. These targets are legally binding, meaning that countries are obligated to meet them and face consequences if they fail to do so. The protocol also establishes a compliance mechanism to ensure that countries are held accountable for their commitments. Therefore, the statement that the Kyoto Protocol is a legally binding agreement is true.

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4.

This mechanism allows developed countries to mitigate their emissions through other developed countries.

Clean Development Mechanism
Joint Implementation
Technology Mechanism
Emissions Trading

Correct Answer

A. Joint Implementation

Explanation

Joint Implementation is the correct answer because it refers to a mechanism that allows developed countries to mitigate their emissions through other developed countries. Under Joint Implementation, a developed country can invest in emission reduction projects in another developed country, and the emission reductions achieved can be counted towards the investing country's own emission reduction targets. This mechanism promotes collaboration and sharing of emission reduction efforts between developed countries, contributing to global efforts to combat climate change.

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5.

Which mechanism allows countries to earn Certified Emission Reduction (CER) units?

Emissions Trading
Joint Implementation
Clean Development Mechanism
Technology Mechanism

Correct Answer

A. Clean Development Mechanism

Explanation

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) allows countries to earn Certified Emission Reduction (CER) units. CDM is a mechanism under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) that enables developed countries to invest in emission reduction projects in developing countries. These projects contribute to sustainable development while also reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In return for their investments, developed countries receive CER units, which can be used to meet their emission reduction targets.

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6.

Countries that have emission reduction obligations under the protocol are listed in Annex ... of the protocol.

Correct Answer
B, b

Explanation
The correct answer is Annex B. Countries that have emission reduction obligations under the protocol are listed in Annex B of the protocol.

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7.

Countries in this region have achieved maximum emission reductions compared to the 1990 levels.

Western Europe
Eastern Europe
East Asia
South Asia
North America

Correct Answer

A. Eastern Europe

Explanation

Eastern Europe is the correct answer because countries in this region have achieved the maximum emission reductions compared to the 1990 levels. This suggests that Eastern European countries have made significant progress in reducing their greenhouse gas emissions over the years. It is important to note that this answer is based on the information provided and does not imply that Eastern Europe has achieved the highest overall emission reductions among all regions.

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8.

Which gas was added to the list of GHG under the protocol in the second commitment period?

Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)
Water Wapor (H2O)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Methane (CH4)

Correct Answer

A. Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)

9.

The time gap between the adoption of Kyoto Protocol and its entry into force occured due to the following reson:

The document was not ratified by the US Congress
The document was not ready until 2005
The documents was not ratified by sufficient number of countries
The document was not meant to enter into force before 2005

Correct Answer

A. The documents was not ratified by sufficient number of countries

Explanation

The time gap between the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol and its entry into force occurred because the document was not ratified by a sufficient number of countries. Ratification by a certain number of countries is necessary for an international agreement like the Kyoto Protocol to come into effect. Until the required number of countries ratified the document, it could not be enforced.

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10.

Which of the following was not achieved by Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period?

Establishment of Adaptation Fund
Decrease in global emissions by 5% compared to 1990 levels
Establishment of Technology Transfer Mechanisms
Success of CDM

Correct Answer

A. Decrease in global emissions by 5% compared to 1990 levels

Explanation

The Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period did not achieve a decrease in global emissions by 5% compared to 1990 levels. The Kyoto Protocol aimed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change, but the actual reduction achieved during the first commitment period fell short of the 5% target. Despite the implementation of various measures, such as emissions trading and the Clean Development Mechanism, global emissions continued to rise during this period.

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Lesson 4 Assessment. Kyoto Protocol.

When did Kyoto Protocol entered into force?

Which of the following is not a Kyoto Flexibility Mechanism?

Kyoto Protocol is a legally binding agreement.

This mechanism allows developed countries to mitigate their emissions through other developed countries.

Which mechanism allows countries to earn Certified Emission Reduction (CER) units?

Countries that have emission reduction obligations under the protocol are listed in Annex ... of the protocol.

Countries in this region have achieved maximum emission reductions compared to the 1990 levels.

Which gas was added to the list of GHG under the protocol in the second commitment period?

The time gap between the adoption of Kyoto Protocol and its entry into force occured due to the following reson:

Which of the following was not achieved by Kyoto Protocol's first commitment period?