Le August 2008 Multiple Choice
Check out the explanation that follows each question. This is a practice session, so that you will be able to see your answer as soon as you select it.
- 1.
Scientists studying ocean organisms are discovering new and unusual species. Which observation could be used to determine that an ocean organism carries out autotrophic nutrition?
- A.
Chloroplasts are visible inside the cells.
- B.
Digestive organs are visible upon dissection.
- C.
The organism lives close to the surface.
- D.
The organism synthesizes enzymes to digest food.
Correct Answer
A. Chloroplasts are visible inside the cells.Explanation
Autotroph = plant or plant-like. In other words, PHOTOSYNTHESIS. Chloroplasts are where photosynthesis takes place.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Abiotic factors that characterize a forest ecosystem include
- A.
Light and biodiversity
- B.
Temperature and amount of available water
- C.
Types of producers and decomposers
- D.
PH and number of heterotrophs
Correct Answer
B. Temperature and amount of available waterExplanation
biodiversity, producers, decomposers, and heterotrophs are all BIOTIC.
light, temperature, water, and pH are ABIOTIC.
Choose the one with both ABIOTIC.Rate this question:
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- 3.
One season, there was a shortage of producers in a food web. As a result, the number of deer and wolves decreased. The reason that both the deer and wolf populations declined is that
- A.
Producers are not as important as consumers in a food web
- B.
More consumers than producers are needed to support the food web
- C.
Organisms in this food web are interdependent
- D.
Populations tend to stay constant in a food web
Correct Answer
C. Organisms in this food web are interdependentExplanation
If one organism increases or decreases, there will be a chain reaction in the feeding relationships. Therefore, INTERDEPENDENT is a good key word.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which statement best describes a population of organisms if cloning is the only method used to reproduce this population?
- A.
The population would be more likely to adapt to a changing environment.
- B.
There would be little chance for variation within the population.
- C.
The population would evolve rapidly.
- D.
The mutation rate in the population would be rapid.
Correct Answer
B. There would be little chance for variation within the population.Explanation
Cloning means producing organisms that have exactly the same DNA. Same DNA means no differences between organisms. There will be LITTLE VARIATION.Rate this question:
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- 5.
An organelle that releases energy for metabolic activity in a nerve cell is the
- A.
Chloroplast
- B.
Ribosome
- C.
Mitochondrion
- D.
Vacuole
Correct Answer
C. MitochondrionExplanation
ENERGY = ATP. ATP is produced in the mitochondria through the process of respiration.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A student notices that fruit flies with the curly-wing trait develop straight wings if kept at a temperature of 16°C, but develop curly wings if kept at 25°C. The best explanation for this observation is that
- A.
Wing shape is controlled by behavior
- B.
Wing shape is influenced by light intensity
- C.
Gene expression can be modified by interactions with the environment
- D.
Gene mutations for wing shape can occur at high temperatures
Correct Answer
C. Gene expression can be modified by interactions with the environmentExplanation
different wing traits develop depending on the temperature (which is part of the ENVIRONMENT)...traits are controlled by genes...
(also, 25C isn't that high of a temperature...it's roughly 80F)Rate this question:
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- 7.
In all organisms, the coded instructions for specifying the characteristics of the organism are directly determined by the arrangement of the
- A.
Twenty kinds of amino acids in each protein
- B.
Twenty-three pairs of genes on each chromosome
- C.
Strands of simple sugars in certain carbohydrate molecules
- D.
Four types of molecular bases in the genes
Correct Answer
D. Four types of molecular bases in the genesExplanation
There are 23 pairs of chromosomes, NOT GENES. The four types of bases (A, T, C, and G) in the genes determine the characteristics (traits).Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which sequence shows a decreasing level of complexity?
- A.
Organs → organism → cells → tissues
- B.
Organism → cells → organs → tissues
- C.
Cells → tissues → organs → organism
- D.
Organism → organs → tissues → cells
Correct Answer
D. Organism → organs → tissues → cellsExplanation
ORGANISM = human
ORGANS = lungs
TISSUES = part of a lung
CELLS = lung cell
(the smallest things are organelles, and organ systems are groups of organs that work together, like the respiratory system)Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which row in the chart below contains an event that is paired with an appropriate response in the human body?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
Correct Answer
A. 1Explanation
When a virus enters the body, the host identifies the antigens and produces antibodies to fight and help destroy the virus.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The diagram below represents a genetic procedure. Which statement best describes the outcome of this procedure?
- A.
Bacterial cells will destroy defective human genetic material.
- B.
Bacterial cells may form a multicellular embryo.
- C.
The inserted human DNA will change harmful bacteria to harmless ones.
- D.
The inserted human DNA may direct the synthesis of human proteins.
Correct Answer
D. The inserted human DNA may direct the synthesis of human proteins.Explanation
REMEMBER: DNA controls the production of proteins. When you put DNA into a bacteria, it's tricked into making proteins, no matter their source (either bacterial or human).Rate this question:
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- 11.
The diagram below represents the genetic contents of cells before and after a specific reproductive process. This process is considered a mechanism of evolution because it
- A.
Decreases the chance for new combinations of inheritable traits in a species
- B.
Decreases the probability that genes can be passed on to other body cells
- C.
Increases the chance for variations in offspring
- D.
Increases the number of offspring an organism can produce
Correct Answer
C. Increases the chance for variations in offspringExplanation
This process is meiosis. Through meiosis (makes gametes, or sperm + eggs), there is crossing over of the chromosomes, which gives us more possibilities for new gene combinations...which is why we can look like mommy AND daddy.Rate this question:
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- 12.
One disadvantage of a genetic mutation in a human skin cell is that it
- A.
May result in the production of a defective protein
- B.
May alter the sequence of simple sugars in insulin molecules
- C.
Can lead to a lower mutation rate in the offspring of the human
- D.
Can alter the rate of all the metabolic processes in the human
Correct Answer
A. May result in the production of a defective proteinExplanation
This may seem like a trick question, but the question read GENETIC MUTATION and we all know that mutations happen in DNA. Also DNA is the code to make proteins.
HOLLA!!Rate this question:
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- 13.
The DNA of a human cell can be cut and rearranged by using
- A.
A scalpel
- B.
Electrophoresis
- C.
Hormones
- D.
Enzymes
Correct Answer
D. EnzymesExplanation
BIOLOGICAL SCISSORS AND GLUE, YO!!!Rate this question:
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- 14.
Much of the carbon dioxide produced by green plants is not excreted as a metabolic waste because it
- A.
Can be used for photosynthesis
- B.
Is too large to pass through cell membranes
- C.
Is needed for cellular respiration
- D.
Can be used for the synthesis of proteins
Correct Answer
A. Can be used for photosynthesisExplanation
KEYWORDS in question: CO2, excreted, plants.
KEYWORDS in answer: used, photosynthesis.
in other words, CO2 goes out (respiration) and the CO2 can be used (taken in) during photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 15.
In several species of birds, the males show off their bright colors and long feathers. The dull-colored females usually pick the brightest colored males for mates. Male offspring inherit their father’s bright colors and long feathers. Compared to earlier generations, future generations of these birds will be expected to have a greater proportion of
- A.
Bright-colored females
- B.
Dull-colored females
- C.
Dull-colored males
- D.
Bright-colored males
Correct Answer
D. Bright-colored malesExplanation
Bright-colored males have the reproductive advantage...they call the shots. Consider their DNA passed along to the next generation.Rate this question:
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- 16.
To determine evolutionary relationships between organisms, a comparison would most likely be made between all of the characteristics below except
- A.
Methods of reproduction
- B.
Number of their ATP molecules
- C.
Sequences in their DNA molecules
- D.
Structure of protein molecules present
Correct Answer
B. Number of their ATP moleculesExplanation
This question was all about DNA. Reproduction is how the DNA gets copied (exactly, as in mitosis...or switcheroo like in meiosis); DNA determines evolutionary relationships; proteins are made by DNA...what's ATP to do with anything??
(nothing)Rate this question:
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- 17.
The females of certain species of turtles will sneak into a nest of alligator eggs to lay their own eggs and then leave, never to return. When the baby turtles hatch, they automatically hide from the mother alligator guarding the nest and go to the nearest body of water when it is safe to do so. Which statement best explains the behavior of these baby turtles?
- A.
More of the turtles’ ancestors who acted in this way survived to reproduce, passing this behavioral trait to their offspring.
- B.
The baby turtles are genetically identical, so they behave the same way.
- C.
Turtles are not capable of evolving, so they repeat the same behaviors generation after generation.
- D.
The baby turtles’ ancestors who learned to behave this way taught the behaviors to their offspring
Correct Answer
A. More of the turtles’ ancestors who acted in this way survived to reproduce, passing this behavioral trait to their offspring.Explanation
Those turtles that had the ALLIGATOR NEST EGG LAYING trait survived. Their offspring also had that trait. They survived and passed along their genetic material (contributing to evolution through natural selection).Rate this question:
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- 18.
A pattern of reproduction and growth in a one- celled organism is shown below. Which statement best describes this pattern of reproduction?
- A.
All genetic material comes from one parent.
- B.
Only some of the genetic material comes from one parent.
- C.
The size of the parent determines the amount of genetic material.
- D.
The size of the parent determines the source of the genetic material.
Correct Answer
A. All genetic material comes from one parent.Explanation
one cell dividing into two cells is mitosis. MITOSIS is asexual, which means all genetic material (DNA) comes from one parent. They are clones.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A technique used to reproduce plants is shown in the diagram below. This technique is a form of
- A.
Sexual reproduction
- B.
Asexual reproduction
- C.
Gamete production
- D.
Gamete manipulation
Correct Answer
B. Asexual reproductionExplanation
It's the same plant that grew new tissue. ONLY ONE PLANT: mitosis. MITOSIS: asexual reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The diagram below represents a biochemical process. Which molecule is represented by X?
- A.
DNA
- B.
Starch
- C.
Protein
- D.
ATP
Correct Answer
D. ATPExplanation
This is sort of tricky: The cellular respiration has NOTHING to do with proteins, yet it says CELLULAR ACTIVITIES on the next arrow...a lot of you think that proteins give the energy to the cell (because they give us energy in and out of the gym), but it is really CELLULAR RESPIRATION, which produces ATP.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The diagram below represents early stages of embryo development. The greatest amount of differentiation for organ formation most likely occurs at arrow
- A.
A
- B.
B
- C.
C
- D.
D
Correct Answer
D. DExplanation
The embryo is the alien-looking thing that is starting to form new organs, etc. The embryo is organized into tissues which means it's differentiating.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The diagram below shows a cell in the human body engulfing a bacterial cell. The cell labeled X is most likely a
- A.
Red blood cell
- B.
White blood cell
- C.
Liver cell
- D.
Nerve cell
Correct Answer
B. White blood cellExplanation
White blood cells are the bouncers. They remove the offenders that have been identified by others (antibodies).Rate this question:
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- 23.
The graph below shows the levels of glucose and insulin in the blood of a human over a period of time. This graph represents
- A.
An allergic reaction
- B.
An antigen-antibody reaction
- C.
Maintenance of homeostasis
- D.
Autotrophic nutrition
Correct Answer
C. Maintenance of homeostasisExplanation
Insulin and glucose is like sweating and shivering in the hot or cold...they work together to make sure our bodies remain in balance. BALANCE = HOMEOSTASIS.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which concept is best represented in the diagram shown below?
- A.
Human actions are a threat to equilibrium in ecosystems.
- B.
Equilibrium in ecosystems requires that humans modify ecosystems.
- C.
Equilibrium in ecosystems directly affects how humans modify ecosystems.
- D.
Human population growth is the primary reason for equilibrium in ecosystems.
Correct Answer
A. Human actions are a threat to equilibrium in ecosystems.Explanation
All three of the boxes have to do with human actions. We should all apologize.Rate this question:
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- 25.
One possible reason for the rise in the average air temperature at Earth’s surface is that
- A.
Decomposers are being destroyed
- B.
Deforestation has increased the levels of oxygen in the atmosphere
- C.
Industrialization has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the air
- D.
Growing crops is depleting the ozone shield
Correct Answer
C. Industrialization has increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the airExplanation
DEFORESTATION decreases oxygen.
CFCs destroy the ozone shield.
INDUSTRIALIZATION requires energy. This causes CO2 to rise. TOO MUCH CO2...nelly's gonna start singin HOT IN HERRE...Rate this question:
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- 26.
The size of a frog population in a pond remains fairly constant over a period of several years because of
- A.
Decreasing competition
- B.
Environmental carrying capacity
- C.
Excessive dissolved oxygen
- D.
The depth of water
Correct Answer
B. Environmental carrying capacityExplanation
The frogs reached their limit. There's only so much food, water, and shelter (limiting factors) that can go around. They have shown their carrying capacity (the squiggly line on the population graph).Rate this question:
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- 27.
Plants such as the Venus flytrap produce chemical compounds that break down insects into substances that are usable by the plant. The chemical compounds that break down the insects are most likely
- A.
Fats
- B.
Minerals
- C.
Biological catalysts
- D.
Complex carbohydrates
Correct Answer
C. Biological catalystsExplanation
An enzyme is a catalyst, which is a fancy way of saying that they speed up a reaction without becoming part of the reaction. Sort of like a stylist. They make you pretty, but they are never seen. Enzymes are biological scissors and glue. This makes so much sense.Rate this question:
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- 28.
In December 2004, a tsunami (giant wave) destroyed many of the marine organisms along the coast of the Indian Ocean. What can be expected to happen to the ecosystem that was most severely hit by the tsunami?
- A.
The ecosystem will change until a new stable community is established.
- B.
Succession will continue in the ecosystem until one species of marine organism is established.
- C.
Ecological succession will no longer occur in this marine ecosystem.
- D.
The organisms in the ecosystem will become extinct.
Correct Answer
A. The ecosystem will change until a new stable community is established.Explanation
Perfect example of ecological succession. After a natural disaster, the ecosystem will slowly grow back to how it was in the beginning.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Many homeowners who used to collect, bag, and discard grass clippings are now using mulching lawnmowers, which cut up the clippings into very fine pieces and deposit them on the soil. The use of mulching lawnmowers contributes most directly to
- A.
Increasing the diversity of life
- B.
Recycling of nutrients
- C.
The control of pathogens
- D.
The production of new species
Correct Answer
B. Recycling of nutrientsExplanation
Putting something back to where it came from is recycling. Aluminum cans become more aluminum cans, etc.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Deforestation of areas considered to be rich sources of genetic material could limit future agricultural and medical advances due to
- A.
The improved quality of the atmosphere
- B.
The maintenance of dynamic equilibrium
- C.
An increase in the rate of evolutionary change
- D.
The loss of biodiversity
Correct Answer
D. The loss of biodiversityExplanation
Cutting down trees (deforestation) also removes homes for animals (birds, insects, mammals, etc.) and prevents excess CO2 (from factories, etc.) from being removed from the atmosphere through photosynthesis.Rate this question:
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- 31.
In 1883, Thomas Engelmann, a German botanist, exposed a strand of algae to different wavelengths of light. Engelmann used bacteria that concentrate near an oxygen source to determine which sections of the algae were releasing the most O2. The results are shown below. Which statement is a valid inference based on this information?
- A.
Oxygen production decreases as the wavelength of light increases from 550 to 650 nm.
- B.
Respiration rate in the bacteria is greatest at 550 nm.
- C.
Photosynthetic rate in the algae is greatest in blue light.
- D.
The algae absorb the greatest amount of oxygen in red light.
Correct Answer
C. Photosynthetic rate in the algae is greatest in blue light.Explanation
The "oxygen-using bacteria" is just a fancy way of saying that oxygen is given off at these wavelengths of light. The most oxygen is in the blue range. Oxygen is released during photosynthesis, which means that photosynthetic rate is also greater in blue light.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The graph below represents a predator-prey relationship. What is the most probable reason for the increasing predator population from day 5 to day 7?
- A.
An increasing food supply from day 5 to day 6
- B.
A predator population equal in size to the prey population from day 5 to day 6
- C.
The decreasing prey population from day 1 to day 2
- D.
The extinction of the yeast on day 3
Correct Answer
A. An increasing food supply from day 5 to day 6Explanation
The food (yeast, the prey) increased from day 5 to day 6. The Paramecium would take a day, but their populations would also increase.Rate this question:
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- 33.
A single cell and a multicellular organism are represented below. Which structures are correctly paired with their primary function?
- A.
A and G—transmission of nerve impulses
- B.
B and E—photosynthesis
- C.
C and H—digestion of food
- D.
D and F—gas exchange
Correct Answer
D. D and F—gas exchangeExplanation
cell membrane in cells (O2, CO2) and lungs in humans (O2, CO2) provide gas exchange.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The graph below indicates the size of a fish population over a period of time. The section of the graph labeled A represents
- A.
Biodiversity within the species
- B.
Nutrition relationships of the species
- C.
A population becoming extinct
- D.
A population at equilibrium
Correct Answer
D. A population at equilibriumExplanation
This is the carrying capacity. Equilibrium means stable and balanced and homeostasis.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The data table below shows the presence or absence of DNA in four different cell organelles. Information in the table suggests that DNA functions
- A.
Within cytoplasm and outside of the cell membrane
- B.
Both inside and outside of the nucleus
- C.
Only within energy-releasing structures
- D.
Within cell vacuoles
Correct Answer
B. Both inside and outside of the nucleusExplanation
I told you to learn that DNA is only in the nucleus, but there's really DNA found in the mitochondria that brings up a whole evolutionary debate which brings up a whole bunch of other things...
ANYWAY, FOR THE REGENTS: know that DNA is only found in the nucleus. But if you see a graph that says otherwise, listen to what it tells you.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below, which represents stages in the digestion of a starch, and on your knowledge of biology. The products would most likely contain
- A.
Simple sugars
- B.
Fats
- C.
Amino acids
- D.
Minerals
Correct Answer
A. Simple sugarsExplanation
PRODUCTS are what you end up with. When you break down starch, you are left with simple sugars like GLUCOSE.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below, which represents stages in the digestion of a starch, and on your knowledge of biology. The structure labeled X most likely represents
- A.
An antibody
- B.
A receptor molecule
- C.
An enzyme
- D.
A hormone
Correct Answer
C. An enzymeExplanation
ENZYMES are biological scissors and glue!!!Rate this question:
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- 38.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Each arrow in the diagram represents a different hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the gland indicated in the diagram. All structures are present in the same organism. The pituitary gland may release hormone 2 when blood pressure drops. Hormone 2 causes gland B to release a different hormone that raises blood pressure which, in turn, stops the secretion of hormone 2. The interaction of these hormones is an example of
- A.
DNA base substitution
- B.
Manipulation of genetic instructions
- C.
A feedback mechanism
- D.
An allergen-antibody reaction
Correct Answer
C. A feedback mechanismExplanation
Three different organs that are controlled by the brain are interacting. There is no DNA or genes and I don't see any little triangles.
So that leaves feedback, which is how our body gets information from other parts of the body.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Each arrow in the diagram represents a different hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the gland indicated in the diagram. All structures are present in the same organism. What would most likely occur if the interaction is blocked between the pituitary and gland C, the site of meiosis in males?
- A.
The level of progesterone would start to increase.
- B.
The pituitary would produce another hormone to replace hormone 3.
- C.
Gland A would begin to interact with hormone 3 to maintain homeostasis.
- D.
The level of testosterone may start to decrease.
Correct Answer
D. The level of testosterone may start to decrease.Explanation
gland C is where testosterone is produced and released.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Base your answer to this question on the diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Each arrow in the diagram represents a different hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the gland indicated in the diagram. All structures are present in the same organism. Why does hormone 1 influence the action of gland A but not gland B or C?
- A.
Every activity in gland A is different from the activities in glands B and C.
- B.
The cells of glands B and C contain different receptors than the cells of gland A.
- C.
Each gland contains cells that have different base sequences in their DNA.
- D.
The distance a chemical can travel is influenced by both pH and temperature.
Correct Answer
B. The cells of glands B and C contain different receptors than the cells of gland A.Explanation
HORMONE and RECEPTOR...can I make it any more obvious???Rate this question:
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- 41.
Base your answer to this question on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated below. Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant. Since oxygen gas is being released, it can be inferred that the plant is
- A.
Producing glucose
- B.
Making protein
- C.
Releasing energy from water
- D.
Carrying on active transport
Correct Answer
A. Producing glucoseExplanation
Oxygen gas means photosynthesis...which also produces GLUCOSE.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Base your answer to this question on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated below. Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant. What substance did the plant most likely absorb from the water for the process that produces the oxygen gas?
- A.
Dissolved nitrogen
- B.
Carbon dioxide
- C.
An enzyme
- D.
A hormone
Correct Answer
B. Carbon dioxideExplanation
PLANTS are associated with carbon dioxide. Only possibility.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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