Kinetic Molecular Theory
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- 1.
Each of the containers is shown at the same temperature. In which container is the average speed of the particles the fastest?
- A.
Hydrogen
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Oxygen
- D.
Chlorine
Correct Answer
A. HydrogenExplanation
Hydrogen gas has the fastest average speed of particles compared to the other gases listed. This is because hydrogen gas has the lowest molar mass, meaning its particles are lighter and therefore move faster on average. The average speed of particles in a gas is directly related to the temperature, and since all the containers are shown at the same temperature, the hydrogen gas container has the fastest average particle speed.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The stoppers are removed from each container, which are in the same room at the same temperature. Which gas diffuses through the room the most slowly.
- A.
All at the same rate
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Hydrogen
- D.
Chlorine
Correct Answer
D. ChlorineExplanation
Chlorine diffuses through the room the most slowly because it is the heaviest gas among the options given. Heavier gases have slower diffusion rates compared to lighter gases because they have larger molecular masses, which results in slower molecular motion and diffusion.Rate this question:
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- 3.
As the sealed, inflexible container is heated, the gas molecules inside..
- A.
Increase in volume
- B.
Begin to move faster
- C.
Condense to a liquide
- D.
Become less dense
Correct Answer
B. Begin to move fasterExplanation
When a sealed, inflexible container is heated, the gas molecules inside gain kinetic energy. This increase in energy causes the molecules to move faster, resulting in an increase in their average speed. As a result, the gas molecules collide with each other and the walls of the container more frequently and with greater force, leading to an increase in pressure and volume. Therefore, the correct answer is "Begin to move faster."Rate this question:
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- 4.
The stopper is removed from the container of chlorine, at which temperature will the gas diffuse the fastest.
- A.
290 K
- B.
273 K
- C.
245 K
- D.
310 K
Correct Answer
D. 310 KExplanation
At higher temperatures, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases, leading to faster movement and diffusion. Therefore, at 310 K, the gas will diffuse the fastest compared to the other given temperatures.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which postulate of KMT explains why the volume (or pressure) of a gas increases when you increase the temperature?
- A.
1‐ All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.
- B.
2‐ The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.
- C.
3- The particles of gas do not exert any force of attraction or repulsion on each other. There is no energy loss during a collision.
- D.
4‐ The mean kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to their absolute temperature.
Correct Answer
D. 4‐ The mean kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to their absolute temperature.Explanation
The correct answer is 4 because according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT), the temperature of a gas is directly related to the average kinetic energy of its particles. When the temperature of a gas is increased, the average kinetic energy of the particles also increases. This increase in kinetic energy causes the particles to move faster and collide with the walls of the container more frequently and with greater force. As a result, the volume and pressure of the gas increase. Therefore, the increase in temperature leads to an increase in volume or pressure, as explained by the fourth postulate of KMT.Rate this question:
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- 6.
In a real gas particles have complete inelastic collisions meaning no energy is lost.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
This is an assumption of ideal gases.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Gases found in the environment are most likely to exhibit properties similar to that of ideal gases under conditions of:
- A.
High temperatures and high pressures
- B.
Low temperatures and low pressures
- C.
High temperatures and low pressures
- D.
Low temperatures and high pressures
Correct Answer
C. High temperatures and low pressuresExplanation
Gases found in the environment are most likely to exhibit properties similar to that of ideal gases under conditions of high temperatures and low pressures. At high temperatures, gas molecules have higher kinetic energy and move more rapidly, causing them to collide more frequently and with greater force. This results in increased pressure. However, at low pressures, the distance between gas molecules is large, minimizing intermolecular forces and allowing the gas to behave more ideally. Therefore, under these conditions, gases are more likely to exhibit properties similar to ideal gases.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which postulate of KMT explains why gases are so easily compressed?
- A.
1‐ All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.
- B.
2- The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.
- C.
3- The particles of gas do not exert any force of attraction or repulsion on each other. There is no energy loss during a collision.
- D.
4- The mean kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to their absolute temperature.
Correct Answer
A. 1‐ All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.Explanation
The postulate that explains why gases are easily compressed is that all particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds. This means that the particles in a gas are so small that they can be easily compressed into a smaller volume without much resistance. Since the particles themselves have very little volume, they can be squeezed closer together without much difficulty, resulting in the compressibility of gases.Rate this question:
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- 9.
According to the kinetic theory of gases, an ideal gas has all of the following characteristics but 1. Which one?
- A.
Particles whose size is nil or negligible
- B.
Particles that mutually attract one another
- C.
Particles that move randomly but in straight lines
- D.
Particles that are very far away from each other
Correct Answer
B. Particles that mutually attract one anotherExplanation
According to the kinetic theory of gases, an ideal gas has particles that move randomly but in straight lines, particles whose size is nil or negligible, and particles that are very far away from each other. However, it does not have particles that mutually attract one another. This is because ideal gases are assumed to have negligible intermolecular forces, meaning that the particles do not attract or repel each other.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which postulate of the KMT explains why gases do not have a fixed volume.
- A.
All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.
- B.
The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.
- C.
The particles of gas do not exert any force of attraction or repulsion on each other. There is no energy loss during a collision.
- D.
The mean kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to their absolute temperature.
Correct Answer
B. The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.Explanation
The postulate that explains why gases do not have a fixed volume is that the particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines. This means that the gas particles are not confined to a specific position and can freely move throughout the container. As a result, gases are able to expand and fill the entire volume of the container they are in, leading to their lack of a fixed volume.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which postulate of the KMT explains why the smell of skunk spray can seep into a house even when the windows are closed.
- A.
1‐ All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.
- B.
2‐ The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.
- C.
3‐ The particles of gas do not exert any force of attraction or repulsion on each other. There is no energy loss during a collision.
- D.
4‐ The mean kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to their absolute temperature.
Correct Answer
A. 1‐ All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.Explanation
The correct answer is 1- All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds. This postulate of the Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) explains why the smell of skunk spray can seep into a house even when the windows are closed. According to this postulate, gas particles are extremely small and their size is negligible compared to the container they are in. Therefore, even though the windows are closed, the gas particles of the skunk spray can still pass through small openings or cracks in the house, allowing the smell to enter.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which postulate of KMT explains why the scent of fresh coffee in the morning fills up every room in the house?
- A.
1-All particles are infinitely small and the size of a particle is negligible compared to the container that it holds.
- B.
2‐ The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.
- C.
3‐ The particles of gas do not exert any force of attraction or repulsion on each other. There is no energy loss during a collision.
- D.
4‐ The mean kinetic energy of the particles is directly proportional to their absolute temperature.
Correct Answer
B. 2‐ The particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines.Explanation
The correct answer is 2 because according to the postulate, the particles of gas are in constant motion and move in straight lines. This means that the scent molecules from the fresh coffee will also be in constant motion and move in straight lines, allowing them to spread and fill up every room in the house.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which state of matter exhibits only vibrational movement?
- A.
Liquid
- B.
Solid
- C.
Gas
- D.
Plasma
Correct Answer
B. SolidExplanation
Solids exhibit only vibrational movement because the particles in a solid are tightly packed and have strong intermolecular forces. These forces restrict the movement of particles to only vibrate in their fixed positions. In liquids, particles have more freedom to move and can slide past each other, while in gases, particles move freely and rapidly in all directions. Plasma is a state of matter where particles are highly energized and ionized, so they exhibit more complex movements than just vibrations.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Particules will experience large velocities at ...
- A.
Low temperature
- B.
Intermediate temperature
- C.
High temperature
- D.
Option 4
Correct Answer
C. High temperatureExplanation
Particles will experience large velocities at high temperatures because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles. At higher temperatures, the particles have more kinetic energy and therefore move faster, resulting in larger velocities.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which colour curve represents the lowest temperature
- A.
Blue
- B.
Purple
- C.
Red
- D.
Black
Correct Answer
A. BlueExplanation
The colour blue represents the lowest temperature because in the visible light spectrum, blue light has the shortest wavelength and highest energy. As temperature decreases, objects emit less energy and shift towards the blue end of the spectrum. Therefore, the curve representing the lowest temperature is blue.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the kinetic energy of a 35 g of oxygen traveling at a velocity of 650 m/s?
- A.
7,393,750 J
- B.
7,393,750 KJ
- C.
7393.75 J
- D.
7393.75 KJ
Correct Answer
C. 7393.75 JExplanation
The kinetic energy of an object can be calculated using the formula KE = 1/2 * mass * velocity^2. In this case, the mass of the oxygen is given as 35 g (or 0.035 kg) and the velocity is given as 650 m/s. Plugging these values into the formula, we get KE = 1/2 * 0.035 * (650)^2 = 7393.75 J. Therefore, the correct answer is 7393.75 J.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 04, 2017Quiz Created by
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