1.
When a programmer writes a program, the code is known as __________.
Correct Answer
A. Source code
Explanation
When a programmer writes a program, the code that they write is known as source code. Source code is the human-readable version of the program that can be understood and modified by programmers. It is written in a programming language and serves as the input for the compiler or interpreter to generate the executable object code or binary file that can be executed by the computer.
2.
A compiler (or an assembler) converts source code into a ____________.
Correct Answer
C. Object module
Explanation
A compiler (or an assembler) converts source code into an object module. An object module is an intermediate form of the program that contains the translated machine instructions and data. It is not directly executable but can be further processed and linked with other object modules to create an executable program.
3.
A linkage editor (linker) converts a set of object modules into a ______________.
Correct Answer
D. Load module, also known as an executable program
Explanation
A linkage editor (linker) is a program that takes multiple object modules and combines them into a single load module. A load module is an executable program that can be run by the computer. Therefore, the correct answer is load module, also known as an executable program.
4.
The advantage of a linked list over a basic list (array) is:
Correct Answer
A. It is easier to dynamically add and delete elements from a linked list.
Explanation
A linked list is advantageous over a basic list (array) because it allows for easier dynamic addition and deletion of elements. In a linked list, each element is stored in a separate node, and these nodes are connected through pointers. This allows for efficient insertion and removal of elements by simply adjusting the pointers, without the need for shifting elements in memory like in an array. Therefore, a linked list provides flexibility in modifying its size, which is not as straightforward in a basic list.
5.
When modifying a queue, new elements are added only to the _____________ of the queue, and elements are removed only from the __________ of the queue.
Correct Answer
D. Rear, front
Explanation
When modifying a queue, new elements are added only to the rear of the queue, and elements are removed only from the front of the queue. This is because a queue follows the FIFO (First-In-First-Out) principle, where the first element that was added to the queue is the first one to be removed. Therefore, the correct answer is "rear, front".
6.
This computer component links the other internal components, providing a pathway for data between the components.
Correct Answer
C. Bus
Explanation
The bus is the correct answer because it is a computer component that links the other internal components, providing a pathway for data between them. It acts as a communication channel, allowing the CPU, memory, and other devices to exchange information and instructions. Without the bus, the different components of a computer would not be able to communicate with each other effectively, hindering the overall performance and functionality of the system.
7.
The act of physically transferring a unit of data between the memory and a peripheral device.
Correct Answer
B. pHysical I/O
Explanation
Physical I/O refers to the act of physically transferring a unit of data between the memory and a peripheral device. This involves the actual movement of data between the computer's memory and an external device, such as a hard drive or a printer. It encompasses the physical processes and mechanisms required to transfer data, including reading from or writing to a peripheral device. Logical I/O, access I/O, and peripheral I/O do not specifically refer to the physical transfer of data between memory and a peripheral device, making them incorrect answers.
8.
A record is composed of one or more __________ which hold the data values.
Correct Answer
C. Fields
Explanation
In the context of records, a field refers to a specific piece of data within the record. It holds the actual data values that make up the record. Therefore, a record is composed of one or more fields which hold the data values. The other options, such as files, grooves, and nodes, do not accurately describe the components of a record.
9.
What are the two components of a machine language instruction?
Correct Answer
A. Operation code and operands
Explanation
The two components of a machine language instruction are the operation code, which specifies the operation to be performed, and the operands, which are the data or memory locations on which the operation is to be performed. The operation code determines the type of operation, such as addition or subtraction, while the operands provide the specific data or memory locations to be used in the operation. The other options, such as ASCII code and operands or relative address and physical I/O, do not accurately represent the components of a machine language instruction.
10.
In a microcomputer, the responsibility for performing device specific tasks is assigned to a software routine called a ____________.
Correct Answer
B. Device driver
Explanation
A device driver is a software routine that is responsible for performing device-specific tasks in a microcomputer. It acts as an interface between the hardware device and the operating system, allowing the operating system to communicate with and control the device. The device driver handles tasks such as initializing the device, sending and receiving data, and managing device resources. It ensures that the device functions properly and can be accessed by other software programs running on the computer.