Ionic And Covalent Bonding
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Why is it necessary to use prefixes in naming covalent compounds?
- 2.
Name the following Covalent compound: SO3
Explanation
The given covalent compound SO3 is named sulfur trioxide.Rate this question:
- 3.
Name the following Covalent compound: P4O8
Explanation
The name of the covalent compound P4O8 is tetraphosphorus octaoxide. This name is derived from the prefixes "tetra-" and "octa-" which indicate the number of phosphorus and oxygen atoms respectively. The compound consists of four phosphorus atoms bonded to eight oxygen atoms, hence the name tetraphosphorus octaoxide.Rate this question:
- 4.
Name the following Covalent compound: N2O
Explanation
The correct answer is "Dinitrogen oxide" because the compound N2O consists of two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The prefix "di-" indicates that there are two nitrogen atoms present, and "oxide" indicates the presence of oxygen. Therefore, the name "Dinitrogen oxide" accurately describes the composition of the compound.Rate this question:
- 5.
Write the formula for the covalent compound: Disulfur decaflouride
Explanation
The formula for the covalent compound disulfur decafluoride is S2F10. This is because the compound contains two sulfur atoms (S2) and ten fluorine atoms (F10). In covalent compounds, atoms share electrons to form bonds, and the subscript numbers indicate the number of atoms present in the compound. Therefore, S2F10 represents the correct formula for disulfur decafluoride.Rate this question:
- 6.
Write the formula for the covalent compound: Phosphorous trichloride
Explanation
The formula for the covalent compound Phosphorous trichloride is PCl3. This formula indicates that there is one phosphorous atom bonded to three chlorine atoms. The prefix "tri" in the compound name indicates that there are three chlorine atoms bonded to the phosphorous atom. The chemical symbol for phosphorous is P, and the chemical symbol for chlorine is Cl. Therefore, the formula PCl3 accurately represents the composition of Phosphorous trichloride.Rate this question:
- 7.
Write the formula for the covalent compound: Tetracarbon hexahydride
Explanation
The formula for the covalent compound tetracarbon hexahydride is C4H8. This means that the compound consists of four carbon atoms (C4) and eight hydrogen atoms (H8). In covalent compounds, atoms share electrons to form bonds, and the subscript numbers indicate the number of atoms present in the compound. Therefore, the formula C4H8 accurately represents the composition of tetracarbon hexahydride.Rate this question:
- 8.
Give the formula for the following Ionic compound: Calcium Iodide
Explanation
Calcium iodide is an ionic compound composed of calcium ions (Ca2+) and iodide ions (I-). The formula CaI2 indicates that there are two iodide ions for every calcium ion in the compound. This is because calcium has a +2 charge and iodide has a -1 charge. To balance the charges, two iodide ions are needed for each calcium ion, resulting in the formula CaI2.Rate this question:
- 9.
Give the formula for the following Ionic compound: Copper(II) chloride
Explanation
Copper(II) chloride is an ionic compound composed of copper ions with a +2 charge (Cu2+) and chloride ions with a -1 charge (Cl-). The formula for ionic compounds is determined by balancing the charges of the ions. Since the copper ion has a +2 charge and the chloride ion has a -1 charge, it takes two chloride ions to balance the charge of one copper ion. Therefore, the formula for copper(II) chloride is CuCl2.Rate this question:
- 10.
Give the formula for the following Ionic compound: Silver(I) Acetate
Explanation
The formula for Silver(I) Acetate is AgC2H3O2. In this compound, the symbol Ag represents the element silver, while C2H3O2 represents the acetate ion. The acetate ion consists of two carbon atoms (C2), three hydrogen atoms (H3), and two oxygen atoms (O2). The overall charge of the compound is neutral, as the +1 charge of the silver ion balances out the -1 charge of the acetate ion. Therefore, the formula AgC2H3O2 correctly represents the composition of Silver(I) Acetate.Rate this question:
- 11.
Name the following Ionic compound: K2O
Explanation
The compound K2O is named potassium oxide because it consists of two potassium ions (K+) and one oxygen ion (O2-). In ionic compounds, the cation (in this case, potassium) is named first, followed by the anion (oxygen). Therefore, the correct name for K2O is potassium oxide.Rate this question:
- 12.
Name the following Ionic compound: NaClO
Explanation
The given compound NaClO is named sodium hypochlorite. This compound is formed by the combination of sodium (Na) and hypochlorite (ClO-) ions. Sodium hypochlorite is commonly used as a disinfectant and bleach.Rate this question:
- 13.
Name the following Ionic compound: KNO3
Explanation
The given compound, KNO3, is composed of the elements potassium (K), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O). The compound follows the naming rules for ionic compounds, where the cation (potassium) is named first followed by the anion (nitrate). Therefore, the correct name for KNO3 is potassium nitrate.Rate this question:
- 14.
Which is the charge that results when oxygen becomes an ion?
- A.
+2
- B.
-3
- C.
+3
- D.
-2
Correct Answer
D. -2Explanation
When oxygen becomes an ion, it gains two electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. This results in a charge of -2 because the number of protons in the oxygen atom (which determines its atomic number and identity) remains the same, but the number of electrons increases by two, creating an overall negative charge.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Group 13 elements tend to acquire which charge when they form ions?
- A.
+3
- B.
-5
- C.
+5
- D.
-3
Correct Answer
A. +3Explanation
Group 13 elements, also known as the boron group, have three valence electrons. When they form ions, they tend to lose these three electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Losing three electrons results in a charge of +3 on the ion. Therefore, the correct answer is +3.Rate this question:
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- 16.
A compound has the formula X3Y. For every 15 X atoms present in this compound, how many Y atoms are there?
- A.
3
- B.
5
- C.
45
- D.
15
Correct Answer
B. 5Explanation
For every 15 X atoms in the compound, there are 5 Y atoms. This can be determined by looking at the formula X3Y, which indicates that there are 3 X atoms for every Y atom. Therefore, if there are 15 X atoms, we can divide this by 3 to find that there are 5 Y atoms.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which is a physical property of ionic compounds in their solid state?
- A.
Good conductor of electricity
- B.
Weak attractive forces between ions
- C.
Low boiling point
- D.
High melting point
Correct Answer
D. High melting pointExplanation
Ionic compounds have a high melting point because they consist of a lattice structure of positive and negative ions held together by strong electrostatic forces. These forces require a significant amount of energy to overcome, resulting in a high melting point.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which is the correct formula for the compound formed between beryllium and nitrogen?
- A.
BeN
- B.
Be3N
- C.
Be3N2
- D.
Be2N3
Correct Answer
C. Be3N2Explanation
Beryllium is a group 2 element with a +2 charge, while nitrogen is a group 15 element with a -3 charge. In order to form a neutral compound, the charges must balance out. Since the charges of Be and N are opposite, we need three Be atoms (+2 charge each) to balance out the two N atoms (-3 charge each), resulting in Be3N2.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is the correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and the phosphate ion?
- A.
MgPO4
- B.
Mg3PO2
- C.
Mg3(PO4)2
- D.
MgP2O8
Correct Answer
C. Mg3(PO4)2Explanation
The correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and the phosphate ion is Mg3(PO4)2. This is because magnesium has a charge of +2 and the phosphate ion has a charge of -3. In order to balance the charges, three magnesium ions are needed to balance the charge of two phosphate ions, resulting in the formula Mg3(PO4)2.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Which is the correct formula for the compound Manganese (III) Fluoride?
- A.
MnF
- B.
Mn3F
- C.
MnF3
- D.
Mn3F3
Correct Answer
C. MnF3Explanation
The correct formula for the compound Manganese (III) Fluoride is MnF3. Manganese has a +3 oxidation state, indicated by the Roman numeral III in parentheses. Fluoride is a monovalent ion with a charge of -1. To balance the charges, three fluoride ions are needed for every one manganese ion. Therefore, the formula for Manganese (III) Fluoride is MnF3.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which is the correct formula for the compound Chromium (II) Nitrate?
- A.
(Cr)2NO3
- B.
Cr2NO3
- C.
CrNO2
- D.
Cr(NO3)2
Correct Answer
D. Cr(NO3)2Explanation
The correct formula for the compound Chromium (II) Nitrate is Cr(NO3)2. This is because the symbol for chromium is Cr, and the subscript 2 indicates that there are two chromium atoms in the compound. The formula for nitrate is NO3, and the subscript 2 indicates that there are two nitrate ions in the compound. Therefore, the correct formula is Cr(NO3)2.Rate this question:
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- 22.
How many single covalent bonds are elements in Group 16, light blue, likely to form?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
Correct Answer
B. 2Explanation
Elements in Group 16, also known as the oxygen family, have 6 valence electrons. These elements typically form 2 single covalent bonds in order to achieve a stable octet configuration, similar to oxygen (O) which forms 2 bonds in compounds like water (H2O). Therefore, the correct answer is 2.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Which combination of bonds is present in this molecule?
- A.
Single Bond
- B.
Double Bond
- C.
Triple Bond
- D.
Quadruple Bond
Correct Answer
A. Single BondExplanation
The molecule in question contains single bonds. Single bonds are the most common type of bond and occur when two atoms share one pair of electrons. This type of bond is characterized by a relatively weak bond strength and a longer bond length compared to other types of bonds. In the given molecule, all the bonds between the atoms are single bonds, indicating that there is only one pair of electrons being shared between each pair of atoms.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which type of molecular shape is shown by this molecule?
- A.
Trigonal pyramidal
- B.
Tetrahedral
- C.
Bent
- D.
Trigonal planar
Correct Answer
D. Trigonal planarExplanation
The correct answer is trigonal planar. This is because the molecule is shown to have a central atom surrounded by three bonded atoms in a flat, triangular arrangement. The bond angles between the atoms in this molecule are approximately 120 degrees, which is characteristic of a trigonal planar shape.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which one do you like?
- A.
Trigonal pyramidal
- B.
Tetrahedral
- C.
Bent
- D.
Trigonal planar
Correct Answer
B. TetrahedralExplanation
The correct answer is tetrahedral. This is because tetrahedral refers to a molecular shape where there are four bonded atoms surrounding a central atom, arranged in a three-dimensional tetrahedral shape. This is a common shape for molecules with four bonding pairs of electrons and no lone pairs.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which one do you like?
- A.
Trigonal pyramidal
- B.
Tetrahedral
- C.
Bent
- D.
Trigonal planar
Correct Answer
C. BentExplanation
The term "bent" refers to a molecular shape where the central atom is surrounded by two other atoms and has a lone pair of electrons. This shape is also known as "angular" or "V-shaped." The bond angle between the two surrounding atoms is less than 180 degrees, causing the molecule to have a bent shape. This molecular shape is commonly found in molecules with a central atom bonded to two identical atoms and one or two lone pairs of electrons.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Which type of bond has one pair of electrons shared between atoms?
- A.
Single covalent
- B.
Coordinate covalent
- C.
Double covalent
- D.
Metallic
Correct Answer
A. Single covalentExplanation
A single covalent bond is formed when two atoms share one pair of electrons. In this type of bond, the electrons are equally shared between the atoms, creating a strong bond. This type of bond is commonly found in molecules like hydrogen (H2) or chlorine (Cl2), where each atom contributes one electron to the shared pair.Rate this question:
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- 28.
How many single covalent bonds can carbon form?
- A.
2
- B.
3
- C.
4
- D.
5
Correct Answer
C. 4Explanation
Carbon has four valence electrons, meaning it can form four covalent bonds. Each covalent bond involves the sharing of one pair of electrons between two atoms. Therefore, carbon can form four single covalent bonds by sharing its four valence electrons with other atoms.Rate this question:
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- 29.
How many single covalent bonds can halogens form?
- A.
4
- B.
3
- C.
2
- D.
1
Correct Answer
D. 1Explanation
Halogens are elements from Group 17 of the periodic table, which includes elements like fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine. These elements have 7 valence electrons and require only one more electron to achieve a stable electron configuration. Therefore, halogens can form only one single covalent bond by sharing one electron with another atom. This allows them to complete their octet and become more stable.Rate this question:
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- 30.
What is the electronegativity difference in the compound Aluminum Chloride, AlCl3?
- A.
4.77
- B.
3.16
- C.
7.87
- D.
1.55
Correct Answer
D. 1.55Explanation
The electronegativity difference in the compound Aluminum Chloride, AlCl3, is 1.55. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond. In AlCl3, aluminum has an electronegativity of 1.61, while chlorine has an electronegativity of 3.16. By subtracting the electronegativity of aluminum from that of chlorine, we get a difference of 1.55. This indicates that the bond between aluminum and chlorine is polar, with chlorine being slightly more electronegative and attracting the shared electrons more strongly.Rate this question:
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- 31.
What is the electronegativity difference in the compound Aluminum Chloride, NO2?
- A.
0.4
- B.
6.48
- C.
3.84
- D.
2
Correct Answer
A. 0.4Explanation
The electronegativity difference in a compound is a measure of the difference in electronegativity values between the two atoms in the compound. In the compound Aluminum Chloride, NO2, the electronegativity difference is 0.4. This means that there is a small difference in electronegativity between the atoms in this compound, indicating a relatively nonpolar covalent bond.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What molecular shape does the compound CCl4 have?
- A.
Trigonal planar
- B.
Tetrahedral
- C.
Octahedral
- D.
Bent
Correct Answer
B. TetrahedralExplanation
The compound CCl4 has a tetrahedral molecular shape because it has four bonded atoms (the four chlorine atoms) and no lone pairs of electrons. In a tetrahedral arrangement, the bonded atoms are positioned symmetrically around the central carbon atom, forming a three-dimensional shape with bond angles of approximately 109.5 degrees.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which is the correct name for the compound N2O3? Covelent
- A.
Dinitro trioxide
- B.
Nitrogen (II) oxide (III)
- C.
Trinitrogen dioxide
- D.
Dinitrogen trioxide
Correct Answer
D. Dinitrogen trioxideExplanation
The correct name for the compound N2O3 is dinitrogen trioxide. This name is derived from the prefixes "di-" and "tri-" which indicate the number of nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the compound respectively. "Di-" indicates that there are two nitrogen atoms, and "tri-" indicates that there are three oxygen atoms. Therefore, the compound is named dinitrogen trioxide.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which is the correct name for the compound PCl5? Covalent
- A.
Monophosphorus tetrachloride
- B.
Phosphorus chloride
- C.
Phosphorus pentachloride
- D.
Pentaphosphorus chloride
Correct Answer
C. Phosphorus pentachlorideExplanation
The correct name for the compound PCl5 is phosphorus pentachloride. This is because the compound is made up of one phosphorus atom bonded to five chlorine atoms, hence the prefix "penta-" which indicates five. The suffix "-chloride" indicates that the compound contains chlorine atoms. Therefore, the correct name for PCl5 is phosphorus pentachloride.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which is the correct formula for the compound dinitrogen monoxide?
- A.
NO2
- B.
(NO)2
- C.
N2O1
- D.
N2O
Correct Answer
D. N2OExplanation
The correct formula for the compound dinitrogen monoxide is N2O. This is because "di" indicates two nitrogen atoms, and "mono" indicates one oxygen atom. Therefore, the formula N2O represents two nitrogen atoms bonded to one oxygen atom, which is the correct formula for dinitrogen monoxide.Rate this question:
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- 36.
If the electronegativity of H is 2.20 and of Cl is 3.55, which type of bond is formed between H and Cl, when they form hydrogen chloride?
- A.
Ionic
- B.
Polar ionic
- C.
Covalent
- D.
Polar covalent
Correct Answer
D. Polar covalentExplanation
The electronegativity difference between H and Cl is 1.35 (3.55 - 2.20). This value indicates that there is a moderate difference in electronegativity between the two atoms, suggesting the formation of a polar covalent bond. In a polar covalent bond, the electrons are shared between the atoms, but they are not shared equally. The more electronegative atom (in this case, Cl) attracts the shared electrons more strongly, creating a partial negative charge on the Cl atom and a partial positive charge on the H atom.Rate this question:
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- 37.
Chemical bond formation may take place due to the interaction between a(n) ____________________ and an anion.
Correct Answer
CationExplanation
Chemical bond formation may take place due to the interaction between a cation and an anion. Cations are positively charged ions that have lost electrons, while anions are negatively charged ions that have gained electrons. The attraction between the opposite charges of cations and anions allows them to come together and form a chemical bond. This bond can be either an ionic bond, where electrons are transferred from the cation to the anion, or a covalent bond, where electrons are shared between the cation and the anion.Rate this question:
- 38.
When a chemical bond is formed, the constituent atoms acquire the valence electron configuration of noble gases following the ____________________ rule.
Correct Answer
OctetExplanation
When a chemical bond is formed, the constituent atoms acquire the valence electron configuration of noble gases following the octet rule. The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a stable configuration with eight valence electrons, which is the same as the electron configuration of noble gases. This stability is achieved by filling the outermost energy level of the atom, resulting in a more stable and lower energy state.Rate this question:
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