Introduction To The Medical Lab

Explanation
The time frame for reading and signing lab reports is either 36 or 48 hours.

Explanation
The term "peak" refers to the highest level of medication in a patient's blood. This could be a measurement taken after administering a dose of medication to determine the maximum concentration reached in the bloodstream. Monitoring the peak level of medication is important in determining the drug's effectiveness and ensuring that it is within the therapeutic range for optimal treatment.

Explanation
A requisition form typically includes the patient's information, such as their name, date of birth, and contact details. It also includes the doctor's information, such as their name, specialization, and contact details. Additionally, the form includes insurance information, such as the insurance provider's name, policy number, and any relevant authorization or referral details. This information is necessary for the healthcare provider to accurately process and bill for the requested services, as well as to ensure proper communication between the patient, doctor, and insurance company.

Explanation
Immunohematology is the laboratory specialty that performs testing for blood typing, cross matching, and the separation and storage of blood components. This field focuses on studying the antigens and antibodies present in blood, which are crucial for determining blood compatibility and ensuring safe transfusions. Immunohematology technicians use various techniques and reagents to identify blood types, perform cross matching to prevent transfusion reactions, and separate blood components like red blood cells, plasma, and platelets for storage and use in transfusion therapy.

Explanation
Microbiology is the lab that performs testing and identification of bacteria and fungi. Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with the study of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. In this lab, various techniques and tests are used to identify and classify different types of bacteria and fungi, such as culturing, staining, and genetic analysis. The lab technicians in microbiology are trained to handle and analyze these microorganisms, helping to diagnose infections and study their characteristics.

Explanation
A reference laboratory is used by hospitals for complex, expensive tests. This type of lab specializes in performing specialized tests that require advanced equipment and expertise. Hospitals often send samples to reference laboratories when they don't have the necessary resources or capabilities to perform these tests in-house. Reference laboratories are typically equipped with state-of-the-art technology and staffed by highly trained professionals, ensuring accurate and reliable results for complex diagnostic tests.

Explanation
Cytology is the study of cells, particularly their structure, function, and abnormalities. In the context of cancer, cytology is responsible for detecting abnormal cells that may indicate the presence of cancerous or precancerous conditions. It involves the examination of cells under a microscope to identify any abnormalities in their size, shape, or appearance. By analyzing these cells, cytologists can provide valuable information for diagnosing and monitoring cancer. Therefore, cytology is the lab responsible for detecting abnormal cells for cancer.

Explanation
Parasitology is the lab specialty that focuses on the detection and identification of parasites, including the eggs they produce. This branch of science involves the examination of various samples, such as stool, blood, or tissue, to identify the presence of parasites and their eggs. By studying these eggs, parasitologists can diagnose and treat diseases caused by parasites, such as malaria, giardiasis, or schistosomiasis.

Explanation
The first appropriate action when using a microscope is to turn the power on low. This is because starting with a low power setting allows for easier focusing and prevents potential damage to the specimen or the microscope itself. Starting with a low power setting also allows for a wider field of view, making it easier to locate and position the specimen correctly before increasing the power.

Explanation
Oil immersion is used in microscopy to increase the numerical aperture of the objective lens, which in turn increases the resolution and magnification of the image. This is achieved by placing a drop of oil with a refractive index similar to that of the glass slide and the lens on the specimen. The oil reduces the loss of light through refraction and allows more light to enter the lens, resulting in a clearer and magnified image.

Explanation
Someone would use an Electron Microscope to visualize viruses because electron microscopes have a much higher magnification and resolution compared to light microscopes. This allows for the visualization of extremely small structures such as viruses, which cannot be seen with a light microscope. Electron microscopes use a beam of electrons instead of light, and the electrons interact with the sample to create an image. This enables scientists to study the detailed structure and morphology of viruses, which is crucial for understanding their behavior and developing treatments or vaccines.

Explanation
When a patient presents with a combination of symptoms, a differential diagnosis is performed to rule out one of the conditions. This involves considering all possible diagnoses that could explain the symptoms and then systematically eliminating or confirming each possibility through further testing or evaluation. The goal is to narrow down the potential causes and arrive at the most accurate diagnosis.

Explanation
A control test must be done along with a patient sample to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. The control test involves running a known sample with a known outcome alongside the patient sample. By comparing the results of the control test with the expected outcome, any potential errors or issues in the testing process can be identified and corrected. This helps to validate the accuracy of the patient sample results and ensures the quality of the testing process.

Explanation
A patient who has no complaints or symptoms of an illness is known as asymptomatic. This means that the patient does not show any signs or symptoms of being sick or experiencing any health issues. It is important to identify asymptomatic individuals, especially in the case of infectious diseases, as they can still transmit the illness to others without realizing it. Regular testing and monitoring for asymptomatic individuals is crucial in preventing the spread of diseases.

Explanation
Cytology is the study of cells. It involves examining the structure, function, and behavior of cells, as well as their interactions with other cells and their environment. This field of study is important in understanding the basic building blocks of living organisms and how they function and interact. Cytology is used in various fields such as medicine, genetics, and biotechnology to study diseases, develop new treatments, and advance scientific knowledge.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Asymptomatic". This term is used to describe a patient who does not exhibit any symptoms of an illness, disease, or virus.

Explanation
An electron microscope is used to visualize small viruses because it uses a beam of electrons instead of light to magnify the sample. This allows for much higher magnification and resolution than a traditional light microscope, making it possible to see extremely small objects such as viruses. The electron microscope works by passing a beam of electrons through the sample, which interacts with the virus particles and creates an image that can be viewed and analyzed. This technology has revolutionized the field of virology by allowing scientists to study viruses in detail and understand their structure and behavior.

Explanation
Immunohematology is the study of blood and the immune system. It involves the analysis of blood groups, antibody screening, and compatibility testing for blood transfusions. This field is also known as "The Blood Bank" because it focuses on the collection, storage, and distribution of blood and blood products for transfusion purposes. Immunohematologists play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and effectiveness of blood transfusions by matching blood types and identifying any potential immune reactions.