Introduction To Genetics! Trivia Questions Quiz

1. An organism expressed physical trait is called its _________.

Genotype

Law of inheritance

Phenotype

The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both its genetic makeup (genotype) and environmental influences. The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, while the law of inheritance refers to the principles that govern how traits are passed from one generation to the next.

Explanation

The phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both its genetic makeup (genotype) and environmental influences. The genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, while the law of inheritance refers to the principles that govern how traits are passed from one generation to the next.

2. How many chromosomes are in one human cell?

24

46

92

12

There are 46 chromosomes in one human cell. Chromosomes are thread-like structures that contain DNA and carry genetic information. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent. This gives a total of 46 chromosomes in a human cell.

Explanation

There are 46 chromosomes in one human cell. Chromosomes are thread-like structures that contain DNA and carry genetic information. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from each parent. This gives a total of 46 chromosomes in a human cell.

3. If the allele for blue eyes is B and the allele for brown eyes is b, what phenotype will give brown eyes?

BB

Bb

The phenotype that will give brown eyes is "bb". In this question, the allele for blue eyes is represented by "B" and the allele for brown eyes is represented by "b". Since brown eyes are a recessive trait, an individual must have two copies of the "b" allele (bb) in order to express the brown eye phenotype. The other genotypes, bB and BB, have at least one copy of the dominant "B" allele and would result in the expression of the blue eye phenotype.

Explanation

The phenotype that will give brown eyes is "bb". In this question, the allele for blue eyes is represented by "B" and the allele for brown eyes is represented by "b". Since brown eyes are a recessive trait, an individual must have two copies of the "b" allele (bb) in order to express the brown eye phenotype. The other genotypes, bB and BB, have at least one copy of the dominant "B" allele and would result in the expression of the blue eye phenotype.

4. Who first described Natural Selection?

Lineaus

Darwin

Jesus

Weinberg

Darwin is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the first person to describe the concept of natural selection. In his book "On the Origin of Species" published in 1859, Darwin presented the theory that species evolve over time through a process of natural selection, where individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. This groundbreaking work revolutionized the field of biology and remains a fundamental principle in the study of evolution.

Explanation

Darwin is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the first person to describe the concept of natural selection. In his book "On the Origin of Species" published in 1859, Darwin presented the theory that species evolve over time through a process of natural selection, where individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. This groundbreaking work revolutionized the field of biology and remains a fundamental principle in the study of evolution.

5. Sex cells such as the sperm and egg are produced during mitosis.

True

False

Meiosis

Explanation

Meiosis

6. ____________ are changes in the DNA sequence of a cell's genome and are caused by radiation, viruses, and chemicals, as well as errors that occur during meiosis or DNA replication.

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of a cell's genome, which can be caused by various factors such as radiation, viruses, chemicals, errors during meiosis, or DNA replication. These changes can alter the genetic information and lead to variations in traits or genetic disorders. Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or have no significant effect on an organism's phenotype. They play a crucial role in evolution by introducing genetic diversity, which is essential for natural selection and adaptation to changing environments.

Explanation

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence of a cell's genome, which can be caused by various factors such as radiation, viruses, chemicals, errors during meiosis, or DNA replication. These changes can alter the genetic information and lead to variations in traits or genetic disorders. Mutations can be beneficial, harmful, or have no significant effect on an organism's phenotype. They play a crucial role in evolution by introducing genetic diversity, which is essential for natural selection and adaptation to changing environments.

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7. According to the law of independent assortment, the pair of alleles of each parent separate and only one allele passes from each parent on to an offspring.

True

False

The correct answer is the principle of segregation. The law of independent assortment states that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently of each other.

Explanation

The correct answer is the principle of segregation. The law of independent assortment states that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently of each other.