Integrated Chronic Care Management for Depression: Post Test

1.

What is true about depression and chronic desiease?
- A.
  
  Depression occurs less frequently than hypertension
- B.
  
  Depression is less likely to be seen in people with chronic diseases
- C.
  
  Patients are routinely screened for depression in all care settings
- D.
  
  B. and C.
Correct Answer
A. Depression occurs less frequently than hypertension

Explanation
Depression occurs less frequently than hypertension. This means that the prevalence of depression is lower compared to hypertension. This statement suggests that hypertension is more common among individuals than depression.

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2.

Depression later in life is a normal part of aging
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Depression later in life is not a normal part of aging. While it is true that older adults may experience certain life changes and challenges that can contribute to feelings of sadness or loneliness, depression is not a normal or inevitable part of aging. Depression is a medical condition that can affect individuals of any age, and it is important to recognize and address it with appropriate support and treatment.

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3.

The most common symptom of depression reported by patients in late life is
- A.
  
  Physical complaints
- B.
  
  Sadness
- C.
  
  Memory loss
- D.
  
  All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Physical complaints

Explanation
In late life, physical complaints are the most common symptom of depression reported by patients. This is because older adults may have difficulty expressing their emotions or may be more focused on their physical health. Physical complaints can include issues like chronic pain, fatigue, sleep problems, changes in appetite, and digestive problems. These symptoms often manifest as a result of the underlying depression and can be a key indicator for healthcare professionals to identify and diagnose depression in older adults.

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4.

Indicate the cardinal signs of a major depression
- A.
  
  Inability to concentrate
- B.
  
  Sad mood
- C.
  
  Anxiety
- D.
  
  Little interest in prior pleasurable events
- E.
  
  All of the above
- F.
  
  B. and D.
Correct Answer
F. B. and D.

Explanation
The cardinal signs of major depression include inability to concentrate, sad mood, anxiety, and little interest in prior pleasurable events. The correct answer is B. and D. because both options include these signs. Option B. includes inability to concentrate, sad mood, and anxiety, while option D. includes inability to concentrate, sad mood, and little interest in prior pleasurable events. Therefore, both options B. and D. are correct.

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5.

Depression symptoms that persist for one week should alert the health care professional to the presence of a moderate depression
- A.
  
  True
- B.
  
  False
Correct Answer
B. False

Explanation
Depression symptoms that persist for one week should not necessarily alert a healthcare professional to the presence of a moderate depression. The duration of symptoms alone is not enough to determine the severity of depression. The severity of depression is typically assessed based on a combination of factors, including the intensity and impact of symptoms on daily functioning. Therefore, it is incorrect to assume that symptoms lasting for one week automatically indicate a moderate depression.

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6.

The PHQ-2 and PHQ-0 are used to
- A.
  
  Monitor response to depression treatment
- B.
  
  Diagnose a depression
- C.
  
  Indicate the need for PT and/or OT and/or MSW
- D.
  
  Assist patients to recognize the presence of a depression
- E.
  
  All of the above
- F.
  
  A., C., and D.
Correct Answer
F. A., C., and D.

Explanation
The PHQ-2 and PHQ-0 are used to monitor response to depression treatment, indicate the need for PT and/or OT and/or MSW, and assist patients to recognize the presence of depression. This means that they can be used to track the progress of depression treatment, determine if additional therapy or support is required, and help individuals identify if they are experiencing symptoms of depression. Therefore, the correct answer is A., C., and D.

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7.

The effects of anti-depressants are
- A.
  
  To decrease depression
- B.
  
  Elevate mood
- C.
  
  Addiction with prologed use
Correct Answer
A. To decrease depression

Explanation
The correct answer is to decrease depression. Anti-depressants are medications specifically designed to alleviate symptoms of depression, such as feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and low mood. They work by balancing certain chemicals in the brain, such as serotonin, which play a crucial role in regulating mood. By decreasing depression, these medications aim to improve overall mental well-being and quality of life for individuals suffering from depressive disorders.

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8.

Consideration must be given to the following when prescribing an anti-depressant in the late life patient
- A.
  
  Cost
- B.
  
  Family supports
- C.
  
  Memory
- D.
  
  Dosing
- E.
  
  All of the above
- F.
  
  A. and C.
Correct Answer
E. All of the above

Explanation
When prescribing an anti-depressant in the late life patient, it is important to consider various factors. The cost of the medication should be taken into account to ensure affordability for the patient. Family supports should also be considered as they can play a crucial role in the patient's treatment and recovery. Memory is another important factor to consider as some anti-depressants may have side effects that can affect cognitive function. Lastly, dosing should be carefully determined based on the patient's age and overall health. Therefore, all of the above factors should be considered when prescribing an anti-depressant in the late life patient.

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9.

A response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) should be seen
- A.
  
  Within one week
- B.
  
  Within two to four weeks
- C.
  
  Within several months
Correct Answer
B. Within two to four weeks

Explanation
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) are a type of medication commonly used to treat depression and anxiety disorders. These medications work by increasing the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in mood regulation, in the brain. However, it takes time for the medication to build up in the system and for the brain to adjust to the increased serotonin levels. Therefore, it is expected that a response to SSRIs will be seen within two to four weeks of starting the medication. This timeframe allows for the medication to reach therapeutic levels in the body and for the individual to start experiencing the positive effects of increased serotonin levels.

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10.

The teaching plan for a patient with depression should include which of the following:
- A.
  
  Medication effects are not immediate
- B.
  
  Depression has a biological component
- C.
  
  Effects of immediate discontinuation of an anti-depressant
- D.
  
  Identification of pleasant events
- E.
  
  All of the above
- F.
  
  A. and B.
Correct Answer
E. All of the above

Explanation
The teaching plan for a patient with depression should include all of the options listed. Medication effects are not immediate, so it is important for the patient to understand that it may take some time for the medication to start working. Depression has a biological component, meaning that it is not solely caused by external factors, and this should be discussed with the patient. The effects of immediate discontinuation of an anti-depressant can be severe, so it is important for the patient to be aware of this and to follow their healthcare provider's instructions for tapering off the medication. Identification of pleasant events can be a helpful coping strategy for managing depression, so this should also be included in the teaching plan.

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Integrated Chronic care Management For Depression: Post Test

What is true about depression and chronic desiease?

Depression later in life is a normal part of aging

The most common symptom of depression reported by patients in late life is

Indicate the cardinal signs of a major depression

Depression symptoms that persist for one week should alert the health care professional to the presence of a moderate depression

The PHQ-2 and PHQ-0 are used to

The effects of anti-depressants are

Consideration must be given to the following when prescribing an anti-depressant in the late life patient

A response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI) should be seen

The teaching plan for a patient with depression should include which of the following: